scholarly journals The Analysis of Coastal Erosion and Erosion Impact Assessment in the East Coast

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 246-256
Author(s):  
Seon Jung Park ◽  
Heui Jung Seo ◽  
Seung Min Park ◽  
Seol Hwa Park ◽  
Ike Jang Ahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Coastal Erosion ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Coastal Development ◽  
Satellite Image Analysis ◽  
Port Structures ◽  
The Impact

Various development projects occurring on the coast cause an imbalance of surface sediments, causing coastal disasters or irreversible coastal erosion. Coastal erosion caused by the influence of various port structures built through coastal development can be directly identified by evaluating changes in the sediment budget, long-shore sediment, and cross-shore sediment. In other words, it will be possible to evaluate the causality between coastal development and coastal erosion by classifying regions due to single cause and regions due to multiple causes according to the changes in the sediment classified into the three types mentioned above. In this study, the cause of long-term and continuous erosion was analyzed based on the analysis results of the coastal development history and the Coastal Erosion Monitoring targeting the coast of Gangwon-do and Gyeongsangbuk-do on the east coast. In addition, in order to evaluate the degree of erosion caused by the construction of artificial coastal structures, the concept of erosion impact assessment was established, three methods were proposed for the impact assessment. The erosion impact of Hajeo port was assessed using the results of satellite image analysis presented in the Coastal Erosion Monitoring Report, it was assessed that the development of Hajeo port had an impact of 93.4% on erosion, and that of the coastal road construction had an impact of 6.6%.

scholarly journals THAY ĐỔI ĐƯỜNG BỜ BIỂN TRÀ VINH TỪ NĂM 1989 – 2014

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Mong Lan ◽  
Nguyen Hoang Nguyen ◽  
Huynh Mai Ly ◽  
Le Huu Tuan ◽  
Vo Thi Hong Quyen
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Erosion ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
Deposition Area ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Satellite Image Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mangrove Planting

The coastline of Tra Vinh, about 65 km long from the mouth of Cung Hau to Dinh An, is composed of loose sediment, which is easily affected by natural factors and human activities. Based on satellite image analysis combined with survey and field measurements, the changes in coastline between 1966 and 2014 were identified. The results show that in this period the coastline had an average deposition rate of about 5–10 m/year. Dong Hai was the strongest deposition area with maximum rate of 40 m/year, average 28–30 m/year. The eroded coastline alternated with an average erosion rate of about 5–8 m/year. From 1990 up to now, many human constructions have been carried out along the coast of Tra Vinh, contributing to the impact of changing the shoreline. In the area of My Long Nam, Dong Hai and Long Vinh, the mangrove planting project was performed which helped to create continuous accretion of coastline with average rate of 17–33 m/year. In the period of 2009–2014, sea dykes in Hiep Thanh commune and Con Truong, Truong Long Hoa commune were built to prevent coastal erosion. During 2009–2014, Hiep Thanh coast and Truong Long Hoa coast were eroded at an average rate of 8–20 m/year and 6–10 m/year, respectively. After appearance of the dykes, the survey results show that in the 2014–2015 period, the shoreline of Hiep Thanh and Con Trung which has sea dykes was no longer eroded, but the adjacent coastline was more eroded at an average rate of 14–38 m/year. In Dan Thanh commune, where Duyen Hai electric center and Quan Chanh Bo canal were constructed, from 2009 to 2014, the coastline was eroded with the average rate of 12–24 m/year. In 2014–2015 period, coastal erosion was stronger at an average rate of 36–45 m/year.

scholarly journals Estimation of Background Erosion Rate at Janghang Beach due to the Construction of Geum Estuary Tidal Barrier in Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 551
Author(s):  
Sahong Lee ◽  
Jung Lyul Lee
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Erosion ◽  
Sediment Budget ◽  
Coastal Development ◽  
Coastal Sediment ◽  
Littoral Cell ◽  
Watershed Development ◽  
Open Sea ◽  
Sediment Loss ◽  
The Future

In this study, a reduction in sediment budget due to the development of a river watershed, resulting in coastal erosion, was reviewed, and the rate of background erosion was calculated through an examination of the loss of coastal sediment into the open sea. The west coast of the Korean peninsula is severely impacted by the intercept of inflowing sediments from rivers, owing to the watershed development. However, the effects have not fully propagated into the entire coastal area, and thus, the long-term coastal erosion remains insignificant. However, a serious and irrevocable disaster may occur once the coastal erosion begins. Therefore, an analysis of the coastal erosion resulting from changes in the sediment budget, due to the development of the watershed, was conducted on Janghang Songrim Beach. A littoral cell of the Geum River was selected for a quantitative analysis of the decrease in the sediment budget from the watershed development. The rate of coastal sediment loss offshore, which reflects the characteristics of the Janghang Songrim Beach, and the future rate of coastal erosion were calculated. Then, the results were verified by employing geometrically corrected satellite photographs from previous years. This will enable us to predict the time of coastal erosion in the future due to a reduction in the sediment budget and watershed development, and prepare for future disasters resulting from the coastal erosion. Based on research into the components constituting the coastal development, the present study presents theoretical formulae allowing the prediction of the sediment budget and providing a practical contribution to the prevention of coastal erosion, for which additional reliable studies need to be conducted.

scholarly journals The effects of storms and a transient sandy veneer on the interannual planform evolution a low-relief coastal cliff and wave-cut platform at Sargent Beach, Texas, USA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose V. Palermo ◽  
Anastasia Piliouras ◽  
Travis E. Swanson ◽  
Andrew D. Ashton ◽  
David Mohrig
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Image ◽  
Storm Event ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
System A ◽  
Coastal Cliff ◽  
Sediment Cover ◽  
Evolving Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cliff Retreat

Abstract. Coastal cliff erosion is alongshore-variable and episodic, with retreat rates that depend upon sediment as either tools of abrasion or protective cover. However, the feedbacks between coastal cliff planform morphology, retreat rate, and sediment cover are poorly quantified. This study investigates Sargent Beach, Texas, USA at the annual to interannual scale to explore (1) the relationship between temporal and spatial variability in both cliff retreat rate and roughness and (2) the response of retreat rate and roughness to changes in sediment cover of the underlying mud substrate and the impact of major storms, using the low-lying mudstone cliff as a rapidly evolving model of a larger cliff system. A storm event in 2009 increased the planform roughness and sinuosity of the coastal cliff at Sargent Beach, TX. Following the storm, satellite image-derived shorelines with annual resolution show a decrease in average alongshore erosion rates from 4 to 12 m yr−1, coincident with a decrease in shoreline roughness and sinuosity (smoothing). A storm event in 2017 again increased the planform roughness and sinuosity of the cliff. The occurrence of storms and the presence of sediment to laterally erode the cliff influence the planform morphology and subsequent retreat. Over shorter timescales, monthly retreat of the sea cliff occurred only when the platform was sparsely covered with sediment cover on the wave cut platform, indicating that the tools and cover effects can significantly affect short-term erosion rates. The timescale to return to a smooth shoreline with a long-term steady-state erosion rate following a storm or roughening event is approximately five years, with the long-term rate suggesting a minimum of ~38 years until Sargent Beach breaches, compromising the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway (GIWW) under current conditions and assuming no future storms or intervention. The observed retreat rate varies, both spatially and temporally, with cliff face morphology, demonstrating the importance of multi-scale measurements and analysis for interpretation of coastal processes and patterns of cliff retreat.

scholarly journals Contemporary Dynamics of the Sea Shore of Kaliningrad Oblast

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantin Karmanov ◽  
Eugeniy Burnashov ◽  
Boris Chubarenko
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Image ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Annual Rate ◽  
Shore Protection ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Kaliningrad Oblast ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Satellite Image Analysis

AbstractThe article presents estimations of coastline retreat and advance in Kaliningrad Oblast at 85 monitoring points for a ten-year period of 2007–2017, based on monitoring data supplemented with satellite image analysis. The mean annual rate of coastline retreat and advance was estimated in general for each of the four major morpholithodynamic segments of the coastline: the Vistula (−0.2 m/year) and Curonian (−0.4 m/year) spits, as well as the western (−0.5 m/year) and northern (−0.2 m/year) shores of the Sambia Peninsula. The analysis of the shore protection measures implemented in Kaliningrad Oblast from 2007 to 2017 showed that the length of protected shore segments increased by 30% to 14.5 km, which is 10% of the total coastline. The obtained scheme of long-term mean annual rates of coastline retreat and advance clearly demonstrates an uneven distribution of eroded segments along the shores of Kaliningrad Oblast, however the sea shore of Kaliningrad Oblast is mainly susceptible to erosion (44%). Accumulative segments of the shore make up only 17% of the total coastline, and the remaining 39% of the shore is relatively stable. The results obtained demonstrate that the long-term mean annual rate of coastline retreat has decreased to −0.3 m/year from −1 m/year in the earlier period of 2000–2010. The general condition of the entire coastline of Kaliningrad Oblast can therefore be described as relatively sustainable]. The changes are related to several factors, such as an increase in the length of protected shore segments, the resumption of sand pulp dumping in the beach area by the Amber Mining Plant, and an increase in the amount of analytical data from an expanded local monitoring network.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Impact on the Environment at Building and Reconstruction of Motorways Using the System Analysis Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-95
Author(s):  
Viktoriia Khrutba ◽  
Yevheniia Anpilova ◽  
Vitalina Lukianova ◽  
Iryna Kotsiuba ◽  
Lesia Kriukovska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Environmental Impact Assessment ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Repair Work ◽  
Technological Processes ◽  
The Impact

From the point of view of the system approach, the interrelation in the system “highway repair – environment” was investigated, which allowed systematizing the main aspects of environmental impact during the technological process of road repair. As a result of the parametric analysis of the subsystems that make up the system, the main groups of environmental parameters that are subject to the effects of technological processes of road repair were identified. The mathematical model of cause-effect relationships in the system under study allows identifying the main aspects of environmental impact during technological processes of road construction and reconstruction. Its application in environmental impact assessment allows forming a criteria base for environmental impact assessment. The article defines the relationship between the process of performing a certain stage of repair work on the project of construction of the highway of state importance N-31 Dnipro – Tsarychanka – Kobeliaky – Reshetylivka and its impact on the environment.

BIODIVERSITY IMPACT ASSESSMENT IN ROAD DEVELOPMENT IN LITHUANIA

Transport ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasa Vaiškūnaitė ◽  
Pranas Mierauskas ◽  
Valdas Špakauskas
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Environmental Impact Assessment ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Road Development ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Methodological Guidelines

Roads affect wildlife in different ways. Road construction increases fragmentation of habitats, influences landscape pattern and alters the physical environment. Roads act as barriers to animal movements, increase their mortality rates and cause other negative impacts on biodiversity. The current paper overviews the assessment of road impacts in Lithuania, reviews approaches applied to evaluation of road development impacts as well as analyses application of Lithuanian legal documents in the field. In Lithuania, assessment of possible effects inflicted by envisaged road construction is determined by the Law on Environmental Impact Assessment of Planned Economic Activities and orders of the Ministry of Environment. Although the legislation covers some aspects of biodiversity, little attention is given to the assessment of the impact on biodiversity; meanwhile the impact assessment of proposed economic activities on Natura 2000 sites is clarified more extensively. Lithuanian methodological guidelines on determination of environmental impact assessment procedures and principles for the road network do not comply with international requirements concerning the biodiversity impact assessment of roads. The practiced biodiversity impact assessment used for road development projects in Lithuania complies with minimum requirements used in developed countries. To fulfil international requirements on biodiversity conservation, it is necessary to amend the Lithuanian legislation on environmental impact assessment and issue guidelines on biodiversity protection in road development projects. The article proposes models for calculation of road pollution dispersion for evaluation of air quality next to the already existing and newly projected roads.

scholarly journals The implications of climate change conditions in the pavement design

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominika Hodáková ◽  
Andrea Zuzulová ◽  
Silvia Cápayová ◽  
Tibor Schlosser
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Input Parameter ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
The Impact

The design of pavement structure is as a set of several activities related to the design of road construction, dimension and model calculations. This includes calculations of load effects, taking into account the properties of the materials, the subgrade conditions, and the climatic conditions. The measurements of climatic conditions in Slovakia were the basis for assessing changes in average daily air temperatures in individual seasons. Since the 19th century we have seen in Slovakia an increase in the average air temperature of 1.5 ° C. Currently, there are scenarios of climate change until 2100. An increase in air temperature is assumed, with an increase in average monthly temperatures of 2.0 to 4.8 °C. In road construction, as well as in other areas of engineering, we must respond to current climate change and also to expected changes. The average annual air temperature and the frost index are the critical climatic characteristics are the main for the design (input parameter) and evaluation of pavement. From the practical side it is possible to use the design maps of average annual air temperature and frost index according to STN 73 6114 from year 1997. In cooperation with the Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute from the long-term monitoring of temperatures, different meteorological characteristics were measured in the current period. From the measurements of twelve professional meteorological stations for the period 1971 to 2020, the dependence between two variables in probability theory is derived. The average annual air temperatures used for prognoses are collected from long-term measurements (fifty years). The design of road constructions and calculations of road construction models, which are in the system design solution (comparative calculations of asphalt pavement- and cement-concrete pavement models), we have also tested road construction materials - especially asphalt mixtures. The results were used to correct the values of input data, design criteria, as well as measures to reduce the impact of changes in climate conditions.

Use of satellite image analysis to track wetland loss on the Murrumbidgee River floodplain in arid Australia, 1975-1998

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 45-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.T. Kingsford ◽  
R.F. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Landsat Imagery ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Wetland Loss ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
River Flooding ◽  
Variable Environments ◽  
Time Of Year ◽  
Landsat Satellite ◽  
Satellite Image Analysis

Demonstrating the extent of wetland loss and its causes are essential for policy makers and managers. We used Landsat satellite imagery to show major wetland loss in the Lower Murrumbidgee floodplain on the Murrumbidgee River in arid Australia. Stratification of the floodplain according to hydrology, use of imagery from the same time of year and the separation of developed areas, using ancillary information were essential. There was considerable loss of floodplain area over a 23 year period (1975-1998), mainly in the Nimmie-Caira stratum (59% loss), as wetland areas were replaced by irrigation bays. There was also a significant increase in fragmentation. For floodplain areas distant from the river, flooding patterns were more difficult to identify because of infrequent flooding and primary reliance on rainfall. Landsat imagery provided a powerful tool for demonstrating long-term changes in wetland area, even in highly variable environments. Such information can demonstrate the ecological costs of water resource development on floodplains, forming a basis for policy and management of rivers.

Impact assessment of Vision 2023 defense technology foresight

foresight ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukaddes Burhan ◽  
Serhat Cakir
Keyword(s):  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Technology Foresight ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Evaluation Approach ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Readiness Level ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide information about the long-term ex-post impacts of Vision 2023 technology foresight (TF) on the defense sector and to identify critical success factors (CSFs) of impactful foresight. Design/methodology/approach In the present research, a theory-based evaluation approach was adopted with the logic-model of defense TF to identify the intended outcomes, impacts and leading mechanisms. The impact assessment framework developed by Johnston, R. (2012) was adopted to identify (un)intended impacts and possible measures. Findings TF had some effects on technological developments, foresight capacity and capability and skills on the sector. The overall impact was assessed at the “some contribution” level with 2.9 out of 5.0 points. It contributed to the development of science technology and innovation (STI) policies and research and development programs, awareness-raising in STI, increase in cooperation between government-university-industry and the development of foresight culture. However, the impacts were more visible in the early years of TF. Additionally, country/sector-specific CSFs were identified. In consequence, it was proposed to measure the maturity of strategic technologies with technology readiness level as a tangible indicator. Originality/value According to the authors, this is the first study to assess the long-term ex-post impact of TF in defense. An instrument was developed to assess TF’s contribution to impact measures. The constructs and weights of the instrument differentiated from the adopted framework/schema reflecting the national/sectoral context of TF. Additionally, the study revealed country/sector-specific CSFs and new tangible impact measures.

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