scholarly journals Comparison of Riverbed Changes between Sediment Budget Analysis with Measured Data and River Survey: Case Application to Part of Geumgang

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 357-367
Author(s):  
Taeuk Kang ◽  
Youngkyu Jin ◽  
Hyowon Seo ◽  
Namjoo Lee ◽  
Chang-Sung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Data ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Sediment Budget ◽  
Monitoring Method ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Budget Analysis ◽  
Flood Level ◽  
Case Application ◽  
Relative Errors ◽  
Monitoring Performance

Sediment measurement data are utilized as basic data for various river plans and research. The aim of this study is to compare between sediment budget analysis and riverbed monitoring results. The spatial range was from the Gongju-si (Gemganggyo) station to the Buyeo-gun (Baekjegyo) station in Geumgang, and the temporal range in this study was from 2011 to 2016. The estimated change in riverbed amount using the sediment budget analysis was 2,430,243 tons for sediments loaded over six years in the section. The analyzed riverbed changes sedimentation using the riverbed monitoring method were 2,165,146 tons based on the low level and 3,055,489 tons based on the flood level. Based on the riverbed monitoring performance, the relative errors in the sediment budget analysis results through sediment measurements were 10.9% and -25.7% for the low water and flood levels, respectively.

Detection and Analysis of Rats’ Bioelectromagnetic Signal

2014 ◽  
Vol 536-537 ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Hong Long Cao ◽  
Fen Ju Qin ◽  
Xue Guan Liu ◽  
He Ming Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Automatic System ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Frequency Window ◽  
Window Effects

In this paper, we designed an automatic system and automatic test software, and they can carry out Kunming rats bioelectromagnetic measurement in standard status and anesthesia automatically in anechoic chamber where the electromagnetic field outside is shielded, the reflection wave is absorbed, and the measurement accuracy will be improved. We get a great number of measurement data with frequency-sweep measurement method. The mean and standard deviation of amplitudes vs. frequencies is calculated and analyzed. The results show the measurement method is feasible. We have plotted the means of measured data as multiple sets of Y values in a series of bars with standard deviations bars included and distributed in the frequency axis of X. It is found that the fluctuation of the mean and standard deviation in some frequencies is not evident which may explain frequency window effects, while in other frequencies, such a fluctuation can be obviously observed, which may suggest that bioelectromagnetic signal is influenced by biological activities (standard and anaesthesia status) in these frequency points.

scholarly journals A Data Age Dependent Broadcast Forwarding Algorithm for Reliable Platooning Applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Marcus Larsson ◽  
Magnus Jonsson ◽  
Fredrik Warg ◽  
Kristian Karlsson
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Data Packet ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Low Level ◽  
V2v Communication ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Broadcast Message ◽  
Link Information

We propose a broadcast message forwarding algorithm for V2V communication in a platooning scenario for heavy duty trucks. The algorithm utilizes link information, which is piggybacked on the original data packet, to estimate which nodes are best suited to forward the packet. The aim is to reach all nodes in the platoon with as few forward messages as possible in order to avoid channel congestion. The algorithm is evaluated by simulation using real world V2V measurement data as input. We show that the algorithm performs almost as good as two ETSI standardized forwarding algorithms with respect to keeping the data age for the entire platoon at a low level. But when it comes to keeping the message intensity low, our algorithm outperforms the better of the ETSI algorithms by 35%.

Bayesian Estimation of Soil-Water Characteristic Curves

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Shuai Yang ◽  
Lulu Zhang ◽  
Mingliang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Bayesian Model ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Bayes Theorem ◽  
Empirical Method ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Suggested Method ◽  
Empirical Methods ◽  
Soil Water Characteristic Curves

The soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) is a significant prerequisite for studying the mechanical properties of unsaturated soil. As experimental measurement of the SWCC is time-consuming, empirical methods have been suggested to estimate the SWCC. However, the uncertainty associated with SWCC can be substantial. In this paper, a hybrid method based on Bayes’ theorem is suggested to estimate the SWCC, where an empirical method can be used to provide prior knowledge about the SWCC, and a limited quantity of measured data is used to update the SWCC. The Bayesian model is then solved with a Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation. Through the suggested method, the valuable information provided by the empirical method can be combined with the measurement data. The suggested method can not only provide the best estimate about the SWCC, but also account for the associated uncertainty. Also, the effect of more measured points on the estimation of SWCC can be quantified. The suggested method provides a practical means to estimate the SWCC using a limited amount of data.

scholarly journals Sediment budget analysis of the Guayas River using a process-based model

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 2763-2778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro D. Barrera Crespo ◽  
Erik Mosselman ◽  
Alessio Giardino ◽  
Anke Becker ◽  
Willem Ottevanger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Sediment Budget ◽  
Stagnant Water ◽  
Local Perception ◽  
Budget Analysis ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The City

Abstract. The equatorial Daule and Babahoyo rivers meet and combine into the tidal Guayas River, which flows into the largest estuary on the Pacific coast of South America. The city of Guayaquil, located along the Guayas, is the main port of Ecuador but, at the same time, the planet's fourth most vulnerable city to future flooding due to climate change. Sedimentation, which has increased in recent years, is seen as one of the factors contributing to the risk of flooding. The cause of this sedimentation is the subject of the current research. We used the process-based Delft3D FM model to assess the dominant processes in the river and the effects that past interventions along the river and its estuary have had on the overall sediment budget. Additionally, a simulation including sea level rise was used in order to understand the possible future impact of climate change on the sediment budget. Results indicate an increase in tidal asymmetry due to land reclamation and a decrease in episodic flushing by river floods due to upstream dam construction. These processes have induced an increased import of marine sediment potentially responsible for the observed sedimentation. This is in contrast with the local perception of the problem, which ascribes sedimentation to deforestation in the upper catchment. Only the deposition of silt and clay in connected stagnant water bodies could perhaps be ascribed to upstream deforestation.

Analysis of Selected Earth-Space Rain Attenuation Models for a Tropical Station

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 383 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. O. Yussuff
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Models ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Rain Attenuation ◽  
Propagation Path ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Earth Space ◽  
Budget Analysis ◽  
Link Budget ◽  
Attenuation Models

The restrained use of millimeter bands is due to severe rain attenuation. Attenuation is caused when rain cells intersects radio wave’s propagation path; resulting in deep fades. The effect of rainfall is more severe in tropical regions characterized by heavy rainfall intensity and large raindrops; hence, rain attenuation analyses are essential to study rain fade characteristics for use in earth-space link budget analysis, for outage prediction resulting from rain attenuation. Tropical regions are particularly challenged with signal outage, necessitating the formulation and development of suitable prediction model(s) for the region. Therefore, extensive knowledge of the propagation phenomena mitigating system availability and signal quality in these bands are required. Daily rainfall data were collected from the Nigerian Meteorological Services for Lagos for spanning January to December 2010. Results showed that although, the ITU-R model out-performed the other prediction models under consideration, none of prediction models matched the measurement data.

Evaluation of Car-Following Models Based on Measured Data from Real Traffic

2014 ◽  
Vol 701-702 ◽  
pp. 124-128
Author(s):  
Ji Qun Wu ◽  
Shuang Ke Li
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Simulation ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Velocity Change ◽  
Traffic Condition ◽  
Actual Measurement ◽  
The Real ◽  
Car Following ◽  
Xi’An City ◽  
Real Traffic

In this paper, we evaluate several typical car-following models based on actual measurement data from real traffic condition in Xi’an city by presenting a visual comparison between real and simulated value of the velocity for vehicles. We find that FVDM can depict the real velocity change accurately. Besides, some popular models such as OVM, GFM and OV-DM are not very suitable for real traffic simulation in Xi’an city, although they can represent some traffic phenomena under certain condition.

Study on the Distribution Line Condition Monitoring Method Based on Real-Time Measurement Data

2012 ◽  
Vol 614-615 ◽  
pp. 911-915
Author(s):  
Jia Wen Liang ◽  
Xin Tao Wang ◽  
Li Shi ◽  
Jia Yang
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Online Monitoring ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Time Measurement ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Monitoring Method ◽  
Real Time Measurement ◽  
Distribution Line ◽  
Line Resistance ◽  
Resistance Value

To develop an economic and effective online monitoring method is necessary as the normal running of distribution line is critical to ensure the reliability of power system. And the distribution line state monitoring technology improved steadily nowadays, the monitoring of operating status can be achieved by using online monitoring devices. However, its installation and maintenance cost a lot, it is poor in economy. A new method, in which line resistance was selected as a reference quantity, was proposed in this article. The monitoring of distribution line running status can be realized by analyzing the line resistance value that calculated by real-time measurement data. The method improves the utilization of information system and requires no additional investment costs. And the example verified the validity of the method; it is possible to learn about the operational status timely through analyzing the changes in line resistance value.

A New Method of Wireless Health Monitoring for SMA Composite Structure Based on Micro-Capacitance Measurement

2011 ◽  
Vol 467-469 ◽  
pp. 1410-1415
Author(s):  
Jiang Yuan ◽  
Yu Tian Chen ◽  
Zi Xue Qiu ◽  
Xing Tian Yao ◽  
Jing Ya Wu
Keyword(s):  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Composite Structure ◽  
Internal State ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Capacitance Measurement ◽  
Wireless Health ◽  
Capacitance Change ◽  
Monitoring Method ◽  
Wireless Monitoring ◽  
Lcr Meter

In order to achieve the real-time monitoring internal state of composite specimen embedded shape memory alloy wires, a new wireless monitoring method in which PS021 is used to measure the capacitance change of composite structure is proposed. The micro-capacitance measuring principle of PS021 and the design of hardware and software of system are introduced in detail. The capacitance signal between some two wires of composite structure embedded SMA is measured by the PS021 module, and the measurement data are processed by C8051F330 micro-controller and wirelessly sent to PC by PTR4000. Compared the tested results with that of the high precision LCR meter, experimental results show that the relative error of system is less than 4.5%.

Measured Data Correction for Improved Fouling and Degradation Analysis of Offshore Gas Turbines

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timot Veer ◽  
Klaus K. Haglero̸d ◽  
Olav Bolland
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Considerable Improvement ◽  
Data Correction ◽  
Performance Loss ◽  
Condition Evaluation ◽  
Degradation Analysis ◽  
Reliability And Availability

The authors suggest a straightforward methodology to correct measurement data in order to facilitate condition assessment of gas turbines. After data being prepared as such, a considerable improvement in accuracy is obtained in regard to condition evaluation of the machine. Such methodology brings proven benefits when regarding the fouling problem as well as washing scheduling at sites where the fouling process is relatively slow, e.g. offshore applications. Analyses of other relatively slow performance loss processes, like degradation, are also targeted. The usefulness of the methodology is validated against field data by employing advanced software tools and reliability and availability as well as condition and lifing prediction.

scholarly journals The observed diurnal cycle of nocturnal low-level stratus clouds over southern West Africa: a case study

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karmen Babić ◽  
Bianca Adler ◽  
Norbert Kalthoff ◽  
Hendrik Andersen ◽  
Cheikh Dione ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Diurnal Cycle ◽  
Heat Budget ◽  
Cloud Base ◽  
Radiative Cooling ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Budget Analysis ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract. This study presents the first detailed observational analysis of the complete diurnal cycle of stratiform low-level clouds (LLC) and involved atmospheric processes over southern West Africa. The data used here were collected during the comprehensive DACCIWA (Dynamics-Aerosol-Chemistry-Cloud-Interactions in West Africa) ground-based campaign, which aimed at monitoring LLC characteristics and capturing the wide range of atmospheric conditions related to the West African monsoon flow. In this study, in-situ and remote sensing measurements from the supersite near Savè (Benin) collected during a typical day, which is characterized by the onset of a nocturnal low-level jet (NLLJ) and the formation of LLC, are analyzed. The associated dynamic and thermodynamic conditions allow the identification of five different phases of the LLC diurnal cycle: the Stable, Jet, Stratus I, Stratus II and Convective phase. The analysis of relative humidity tendency shows that cooling is a dominant process for LLC formation, which leads to a continuous increase of relative humidity at a maximum rate of 6 % per hour, until finally saturation is reached and LLC form with a cloud-base height near the height of NLLJ maximum. Results of heat budget analysis illustrate that horizontal cold air advection, related to the maritime inflow, which brings the cool maritime air mass and a prominent NLLJ wind profile, has the dominant role on the observed strong cooling of −1.2 K per hour during the Jet phase. The contribution from horizontal cold advection is quantified to be up to 72 %, while radiative cooling and sensible heat flux divergence contribute with 16 and 12 %, respectively, to the observed heat budget below the NLLJ maximum. After the LLC form (Stratus phase I and II), turbulent mixing is an important factor leading to the cooling below the cloud base, while strong radiative cooling at the cloud top helps to maintain thick stratus.

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