Effects of horse housing on musculoskeletal system post-exercise recovery

This study examined the effects of two housing systems (control housing and loose housing) on musculoskeletal condition during recovery from race-like exercise in Standardbred horses. The hypothesis was that a loose housing system provides better conditions for musculoskeletal recovery than the control housing. Eight adult geldings (mean age 11 years) were used in a study with a cross-over design, with the control housing (CH) and loose housing (LH) treatments each run for 21 days. The horses had ad libitum access to forage and performed two similar race-like exercise tests (ET), on day 7 and day 14 in each treatment. Blood samples were collected before ET, at finish line, and at 7, 22, and 44 h of recovery and analysed for the muscle enzyme activities of creatine kinase and amino transferase. Before and three days after ET, hind leg fetlock joint region circumference and diameter, joint range of motion in right hock and carpus, mechanical nociceptive threshold in back muscle, and movement asymmetry were recorded. Overall circumference and overall diameter of hind fetlock joint region were lower in LH horses than CH horses (P=0.045 and P=0.017, respectively), but no other differences were observed. In conclusion, a loose housing system did not alter the recovery of musculoskeletal condition other than preventing a post exercise enlargement of the circumference and diameter of the hind fetlock joint region.

Managing osteoarthritis pain with smart technology: a narrative review

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly prevalent musculoskeletal condition worldwide. Over 300 million individuals are affected by OA, and pain is the most common and challenging symptom to manage. While many new advances have led to improved OA-related pain management, smart technology offers additional opportunities to further enhance symptom management. This narrative review identifies and describes the current literature focused on smart technology for pain management in persons with OA. In collaboration with a health sciences librarian, an interdisciplinary team of clinician-scientists searched multiple databases (e.g. PubMed, CINAHL, Embase) which generated 394 citations for review. After inclusion criteria were met, data were extracted from seven studies reporting on varied smart technologies, including mobile health, wearables, and eHealth tools to measure or manage pain. Our review highlights the dearth of research in this critical area, the implications for clinical practice and technology development, and future research needs.

EFFECT OF LIVER MOBILITY AND MOTILITY IN CASE OF NON SPECIFIC RIGHT SHOULDER PAIN WITH MILD RESTRICTION OF MOVEMENT

Background: Shoulder pain is a common musculoskeletal condition that is a recognized as a disabling problem and cane be associated with substantial economic burden. The pain and disabilities associated with shoulder pain can have a large impact on individuals and their families, communities, and healthcare system affecting daily functioning, and ability to work .It is the third most common musculoskeletal complaint presenting to physical therapy. Objective: Reducing the non specific right shoulder pain and improve the range of motion using an osteopathic approach. Methods: The study was done on two patient aiming to reduce their right shoulder pain and mild restriction of shoulder rotation movement, we use visceral manipulation technique especially liver technique using liver for investigation and treatment purpose . Results: We found reduce the pain and improve range of movement of right shoulder after 15 min with the visceral manipulation techniques the approach is done for three times a week for two month.

Ward-based care and referral to the multidisciplinary team

Musculoskeletal problems are common, affecting up to one in five people. People with musculoskeletal problems are frequently admitted to hospital and it is important for nurses working in hospital ambulatory care, emergency care, and on wards to understand the nature of musculoskeletal conditions in order to provide high-quality care. Patients may present with an acute medical or surgical illness, trauma, or bone disease (e.g. osteoporosis, degenerative arthritis, or inflammatory arthritis). A range of drugs treatments are given to improve symptoms of pain and stiffness. Drugs for inflammatory arthritis are given to modify the immune system, such as methotrexate or biologics (e.g. tumour necrosis factor inhibitors). Patients can be very disabled by their musculoskeletal condition and they have specific care needs. Safety during hospitalization and on discharge is important and key aspects are covered in this chapter.

Patient’s perspective

This chapter is written by a patient with a long-term musculoskeletal condition but who also happens to be the chief executive of a patient organization. The patient’s perspective on their disease, their experience of the healthcare journey, and their ability to access to key information are important components that healthcare professionals need to be mindful of. This chapter describes the needs of the patient in practical terms, and offers tips to guide the patient during their outpatient appointments. The nurse specialist role is highlighted as one that is highly valued and the cornerstone for many patients with a long-term condition. The challenges patients face are described, along with advice to services on how to build care that is receptive to patients’ comments but importantly also offers opportunities that can empower the patient . Equally, this chapter offers some great links and information on some excellent resources for nurses and patients to access.

Fertility, pregnancy, and relationships

Fertility, contraception, and ongoing management of those who are pregnant and have a long-term musculoskeletal condition (MSC) are discussed in this chapter. Many of the challenges facing health professionals caring for those with a MSC involve ensuring the patient and the unborn child remain safe and yet the disease is effectively controlled using various treatment options. This chapter provides an approach that considers counselling and preparing the patients before conception, particularly for issues such as timing of a pregnancy, drug management to achieve safe disease control, and fertility issues that may challenge opportunities for conception. Once a safe birth is achieved, the ongoing management, particularly considering medications and breastfeeding, is outlined. There is a specific focus on those MSCs that are long-term conditions and have additional risks related to fertility and pregnancy, e.g. systemic lupus erythematosus and primary systemic vasculitis. Finally, there is a section focused on how self-esteem, relationships, and sexuality can be affected by a long-term MSC and which offers guidance on ways to help patients.

Care in the community

This chapter provides an outline of some of the specific issues that primary care teams see in general practice and aids the practitioner in recognizing some of the causes that may be related to an underlying musculoskeletal condition or side effects of treatment. Examination tips and red flags to guide the primary care teams are provided and the management of patients with co-morbidities and joint pain is also briefly discussed. Managing the frail and elderly and those with skin and continence issues are also a challenge in care and these topics are discussed in the context of musculoskeletal conditions. When referral is not required and yet there are practical issues that the patient would like help with, the chapter offers tips on what can be offered to the patient and signposting to supports such as the social and voluntary sector, exercises, and access to aids and devices. The use of telephone advice lines and support for the primary care teams are then covered with some patient scenarios for the primary care team to consider how they would manage such patients in their clinical setting.

Telerehabilitation In The Treatment Of Frozen Shoulder: A Case Report

Background and objectives: Frozen shoulder is a common musculoskeletal condition. Telerehabilitation has seen emerging use in a variety of conditions. This case report aims to investigate the feasibility of adopting telerehabilitation in treating frozen shoulder. Case presentation: A 43-year old female presented with frozen shoulder of insidious onset. She underwent four sessions of physiotherapy. Sessions two and three were telerehabilitation sessions; the initial and final sessions were conducted in-person. Results: The subject was compliant with all exercises prescribed during her rehabilitation and achieved all rehabilitation goals in four sessions. She was then discharged from physiotherapy. Conclusion: Telerehabilitation is feasible in treating frozen shoulder. One barrier to implementation of telerehabilitation includes the lack of technical skills and knowledge despite the high prevalence of technology in today’s society. Telerehabilitation increases accessibility and ease of rehabilitation. Telerehabilitation can be considered for segments of the population that are most inclined to use technology.

Musculoskeletal Condition and Adaptation as the Predictors of Low Back Pain in Sports Games

Objective. The objective of this systematic review of literature was to identify if the musculoskeletal condition and disorders caused by adaptation on specific movement patterns in sports games is as risk factors of low back pain (LBP). Data sources. A comprehensive search of articles published in the last 20 years was conducted in four databases (PubMed®, Google Scholar, Web of Science). Different combinations of keywords such as LBP, muscle imbalance, muscle strength, muscle endurance, musculoskeletal system and sport game were used, applying the Boolean operators. After establishing the criteria of selection, 9 studies of 52 initially identified were analyzed. Results. From the viewpoint of musculoskeletal condition and its functional adaptation as the possible risk factors of LBP in the sports games it is suggested that the musculoskeletal system, its functional disorders, endurance and maximal strength of the trunk muscles are not risk factors of LBP in every aspect. The risk factors appear to be muscle imbalances combined with functional asymmetry of pelvic and its asymmetrical rotation as a result of unilateral overloading, as well as the low maximal lumbar[ flexion. Low level of endurance of trunk and core muscles cannot be uniquely identified as a risk factor of LBP. Similarly, the maximal isometric strength of trunk muscles do not act as a risk factor of LBP, either. Conclusion. A detailed comparison of data between the sports games, within game, sex or age was not possible. Further research is necessary. Nevertheless, based on the results of this review, it is obvious that in sports games LBP is a consequence of functional and structural changes of pelvic and related muscles. There is less evidence for endurance and maximal isometric strength of trunk muscles to be a risk factor of LBP.