Структурный переход в пленках триацетата целлюлозы

Electron microscopy data are used to comparative analysis of the topological structure of the surface of two samples of cellulose triacetate (СTA) films. The samples were obtained from CTA solutions without use (sample №1) and with the use of a small sodium fluoride additive that lowers the viscosity of the solution (sample №2). It is shown that in sample №1, the nodes of the physical network of macromolecules are periodically alternating regions of local orientation order - microdomains of average size d~18 nm. In sample №2, due to repackaging of microdomains on the scale R >d, a uniformly disordered fractal cluster of the mesophase CTA is formed. The fractalization of the surface and the growth of structural anisotropy are consistent with the decrease in the viscosity of the solution and explain the change in the deformation properties of sample №2 compared to №1.

Microstructure and elasticity of dilute gels of colloidal discoids

The linear elasticity of dilute colloidal gels formed from discoidal latex particles is quantified as a function of aspect ratio and modeled by confocal microscopy characterization of their fractal cluster...

System-Cluster Technology of e Learning Improvement under the Conditions of COVID-19

The paper defines the scientific provisions on the feasibility and effectiveness of using e-learning under conditions of quarantine restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic. It was proved that within the use of e-learning there has been a convergence between the scientific and methodological bases and the learning process itself, and new approaches to the general didactic and information content of e-learning courses within the education process have been formed. Modern platforms of e-learning are examined and a scheme involving the synchronous technology of e-learning was formed. Within the framework of the suggested learning platform, effective learning tools under conditions of quarantine restrictions were identified, the use of which allows the most successful solution of didactic tasks facing e-learning to be ensured on the basis of the everyday use of digital media and electronic devices for learning purposes. The fractal-cluster technology of an e-learning organization was suggested for an introduction. The functional dependencies on the forms and technologies of the educational process for the efficiency of higher education were obtained. The expediency of introducing fractal-cluster structures into the organizational component of the educational process was determined. Based on the tools of the fractal-cluster approach, a model of organization of the educational process in the information-entropy format was formulated.

FUNCTIONAL DIFFERENTIATION OF SPACE AND THE TEN-ELEMENT NUMERICAL MODEL OF ANCIENT CULTURES

The probabilistic regularities in the principles of functional diff erentiation of ordered structures that arise in the process of human space exploration are analyzed. The authors provide the rationale for the ten-element functional model in the context of the wave approach of D.V. Denisov and the fractal-cluster model. Comparable results were obtained for the administrative division into inner-city districts, the structure of tram routes, and the distribution of premises of a Russian university. The analysis is carried out on the example of Samara and Samara State University of Railways.

ON CALCULATION OF DRYING KINETICS OF THERMOLABILE LIQUID DISPERSED PRODUCTS ON SUBSTRATES

For the drying process of a liquid dispersed product layer on a horizontal substrate, a model for the formation of a solid phase particle residue is proposed. The model is based on the construction of a fractal cluster on a bounded spatial lattice according to given rules. The model is constructed on the basis of ideas about the mechanism of interaction of particles during the existence of a layer of free liquid in the drying product. The fractal model, which has the property of self-similarity of the forming structure, allows modeling spatial structures on bounded lattices and spreading the data obtained on bounded lattices to the entire volume of the simulated residue. The article provides a brief overview of the main works related to the application of the fractal concept in the modeling of micro and macroscopic structures arising during the drying of liquid products. It is shown that in order to calculate the kinetics of drying liquid dispersed products on substrates, in the case of the formation of a certain layer of surface film and the formation of a certain spatial structure of solid particles, an important task is to determine the critical moisture content. The proposed model allows modeling layers with fractal dimension lying in the range from 1.64 to 2. This range corresponds to layers in the porosity range from layers with dense monodisperse particle stacking with a coordination number of 12, to structures similar to dendrite fractals, with porosity much higher than the ordered simple cubic particle stacking. The results of fractal cluster modeling and comparison of calculated and experimental values of porosity and critical moisture content obtained in the process of drying a suspension of optical bleach CD-2 and polymethylene-B-naphthalene sulfonate under different modes of convective drying of the product layer on a fluoroplastic horizontal substrate as products characterized by a close value of the initial concentration of the solid phase (≈12%), but different values of particle sizes and the obtained values of the fractal dimension of the surface film and the dry residue are presented.

THE INTEGER MODELING OF MACROPROCESSES: ANCIENT AND MODERN APPROACHES

This paper aims rehabilitation of the ancient ideas about the world, which have an integer expression in the eyes of the scientific community, and their return to the conceptual apparatus of modern science. Integer modeling, apart from mathematical programming, can be found in the systems of microelements of activity, as well as in ancient myths of creation and numerical models of being. Different ways of structuring 10-element integrity reflect the levels of its system arrangement in the Pythagorean tetractys, the Sephiroth tree of the Jewish Kabbalah, in the Old Indian Saankhya. The structure of the Pythagorean tetraktis is found in the fractal-cluster model, but the relative units of value, that make it up, have the traditional decimal or percentage expression.

ATRIUM SPACES: REALIZATION OF FRACTAL MODELS OF LOCAL AND URBAN STRUCTURES

The paper refers to the functional purpose of the atrium in architecture and town planning. The authors interpret atrium spaces in the context of a fractal-cluster model of environment formation. The study includes theoretical and conceptual development of the formation of space as a multilayer structure, based on key elements (clusters). The authors investigate the elements of space that are formed by means of atria taking into account fractal concepts. The hypothesis of sustainable development of urban spaces is stated by introducing atriums as transit and unifying elements of the urban environment.