quantum structure
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2022 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. L. Buchbinder ◽  
A. S. Budekhina ◽  
B. S. Merzlikin

AbstractWe study the quantum structure of four-dimensional $${{\mathcal {N}}}=2$$ N = 2 superfield sigma-model formulated in harmonic superspace in terms of the omega-hypermultiplet superfield $$\omega $$ ω . The model is described by harmonic superfield sigma-model metric $$g_{ab}(\omega )$$ g ab ( ω ) and two potential-like superfields $$L^{++}_{a}(\omega )$$ L a + + ( ω ) and $$L^{(+4)}(\omega )$$ L ( + 4 ) ( ω ) . In bosonic component sector this model describes some hyper-Kähler manifold. The manifestly $${{\mathcal {N}}}=2$$ N = 2 supersymmetric covariant background-quantum splitting is constructed and the superfield proper-time technique is developed to calculate the one-loop effective action. The one-loop divergences of the superfield effective action are found for arbitrary $$g_{ab}(\omega ), L^{++}_{a}(\omega ), L^{(+4)}(\omega )$$ g ab ( ω ) , L a + + ( ω ) , L ( + 4 ) ( ω ) , where some specific analogy between the algebra of covariant derivatives in the sigma-model and the corresponding algebra in the $${{\mathcal {N}}}=2$$ N = 2 SYM theory is used. The component structure of divergences in the bosonic sector is discussed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2122 (1) ◽  
pp. 012011
Author(s):  
I Filikhin ◽  
Yu B Kuzmichev ◽  
V Mitic ◽  
Th. Peterson ◽  
B Vlahovic

Abstract We study single electron tunnelling from the barrier in the binary InAs/GaAs quantum structure including quantum well (QW) and quantum dot (QD). The tunneling is described in the terms of localized/delocalized states and their spectral distribution. The modeling is performed by using the phenomenological efective potential approach for InAs/GaAs heterostructures. The results for the two and three-dimensional models are presented. We focus on the efect of QD-QW geometry variations. The relation to the PL experiments is shown.


2021 ◽  
Vol 129 (13) ◽  
pp. 133102
Author(s):  
Hongfeng Jia ◽  
Huabin Yu ◽  
Yang Kang ◽  
Zhongjie Ren ◽  
Muhammad Hunain Memon ◽  
...  

Galaxies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Steven B. Giddings

Bringing gravity into a quantum-mechanical framework is likely the most profound remaining problem in fundamental physics. The “unitarity crisis” for black hole evolution appears to be a key facet of this problem, whose resolution will provide important clues. Investigating this raises the important structural question of how to think about subsystems and localization of information in quantum gravity. Paralleling field theory, the answer to this is expected to be an important ingredient in the mathematical structure of the theory. Perturbative gravity results indicate a structure different from that of quantum field theory, but suggest an avenue to defining subsystems. If black holes do behave similarly to familiar subsystems, unitarity demands new interactions that transfer entanglement from them. Such interactions can be parameterized in an effective approach, without directly addressing the question of the fundamental dynamics, whether that is associated with quantum spacetime, wormholes, or something else. Since such interactions need to extend outside the horizon, that raises the question of whether they can be constrained, or might be observed, by new electromagnetic or gravitational wave observations of strong gravity regions. This note overviews and provides connections between these developments.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Poshakinskiy ◽  
Janet Zhong ◽  
Yongguan Ke ◽  
Nikita A. Olekhno ◽  
Chaohong Lee ◽  
...  

AbstractWe reveal the emergence of quantum Hall phases, topological edge states, spectral Landau levels, and Hofstadter butterfly spectra in the two-particle Hilbert space of an array of periodically spaced two-level atoms coupled to a waveguide (waveguide quantum electrodynamics). While the topological edge states of photons require fine-tuned spatial or temporal modulations of the parameters to generate synthetic magnetic fields and the quantum Hall effect, here we demonstrate that a synthetic magnetic field can be self-induced solely by atom–photon interactions. The fact that topological order can be self-induced in what is arguably the simplest possible quantum structure shows the richness of these waveguide quantum electrodynamics systems. We believe that our findings will advance several research disciplines including quantum optics, many-body physics, and nonlinear topological photonics, and that it will set an important reference point for the future experiments on qubit arrays and quantum simulators.


Author(s):  
Zesheng Lv ◽  
Yao Guo ◽  
Supeng Zhang ◽  
Quan Wen ◽  
Hao Jiang

Optoelectronic devices, especially III-nitride quantum-structure devices, are suffering from a serise of material problems, such as polarization induced quantum efficiency drooping and lack of suitable p-type dopant. Herein, dopant-free polarization-induced...


2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (35) ◽  
pp. 19146-19149
Author(s):  
Xiao-Qin Lu ◽  
Yuan Man ◽  
Vincent Ruß ◽  
Yonghong Xu ◽  
Yonggang Yang ◽  
...  

From 18 equivalent global minimum structures of a tubular rotor with a low symmetry (C2h) to a unified quantum structure with a high symmetry (D9d).


Author(s):  
Yaser Rehman ◽  
Z. X. Cheng ◽  
Xiaolin Wang ◽  
Xu-Feng Huang ◽  
Konstantin Konstantinov

Size and shape-controlled two-dimensional (2D) superparamagnetic maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) quantum flakes (MQF) with high surface area and mesoporosity prepared by facile hydrothermal synthesis and calcination for biological applications. These quantum flakes...


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahram Kalhor ◽  
Farzaneh Mehrparvar ◽  
Behnam Kalhor

Abstract The paper introduces quantum redshift. By using the quantum structure of the electromagnetic waves, we can describe the redshift. Losing the quanta masses along the traveling in the space is the reason of the decreasing the frequency of the electromagnetic waves. Recursive quantum redshift predict distance of the objects by calculating the z parameter of the waves since they have emitted. Non-recursive quantum redshift is a fast and good approximation of the recursive quantum redshift. The distances in the quantum redshift is less than the distances in the accelerated expansion space theory. The paper provides z parameter of distances between zero and 12 billion light years.


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