“I Am ________”

Many developmental tasks of emerging adulthood involve identify formation. Trying to develop a sense of self can be challenging, given the many aspects of identity. For certain students, having membership in multiple identity groups means competing values, traditions, and practices. This chapter first provides an overview of social identity theory, including attention to the development of identity through an interpersonal lens and through an intergroup lens. Then, it identifies how emerging adults learn about themselves and develop confidence and the ways and means through which they find their motivation. Guiding questions help readers apply this information to their work with emerging adults in higher education.

An Advanced Ultra-Deep Resistivity Mapping Sensor Reduced Reservoir Uncertainty and Eliminated the Need for a Pilot Hole for the First Time; A Case Study from Offshore Abu Dhabi

The high reservoir uncertainty, due to the lateral distribution of fluids, results in variable water saturation, which is very challenging in drilling horizontal wells. In order to reduce uncertainty, the plan was to drill a pilot hole to evaluate the target zones and plan horizontal sections based on the information gained. To investigate the possibility of avoiding pilot holes in the future, an advanced ultra-deep resistivity mapping sensor was deployed to map the mature reservoirs, to identify formation and fluid boundaries early before penetrating them, avoiding the need for pilot holes. Prewell inversion modeling was conducted to optimize the spacing and firing frequency selection and to facilitate an early real-time geostopping decision. The plan was to run the ultra-deep resistivity mapping sensor in conjunction with shallow propagation resistivity, density, and neutron porosity tools while drilling the 8 ½-in. landing section. The real-time ultra-deep resistivity mapping inversion was run using a depth of inversion up to 120 ft., to be able to detect the reservoir early and evaluate the predicted reservoir resistivity. This would allow optimization of any geostopping decision. The ultra-deep resistivity mapping sensor delivered accurate mapping of low resistivity zones up to 85 ft. TVD away from the wellbore in a challenging low resistivity environment. The real-time ultra-deep resistivity mapping inversion enabled the prediction of resistivity values in target zones prior to entering the reservoir; values which were later crosschecked against open-hole logs for validation. The results enabled identification of the optimal geostopping point in the 8 ½-in. section, enabling up to seven rig days to be saved in the future by eliminating a pilot hole. In addition this would eliminate the risk of setting a whipstock at high inclination with the subsequent impact on milling operations. In specific cases, this minimizes drilling risks in unknown/high reservoir pressure zones by improving early detection of formation tops. Plans were modified for a nearby future well and the pilot-hole phase was eliminated because of the confidence provided by these results. Deployment of the ultra-deep resistivity mapping sensor in these mature carbonate reservoirs may reduce the uncertainty associated with fluid migration. In addition, use of the tool can facilitate precise geosteering to maintain distance from fluid boundaries in thick reservoirs. Furthermore, due to the depths of investigation possible with these tools, it will help enable the mapping of nearby reservoirs for future development. Further multi-disciplinary studies remain desirable using existing standard log data to validate the effectiveness of this concept for different fields and reservoirs.

Formation factors of surface inflow to antarctic lakes of the Larsemann Hills oasis

The study aims to identify formation factors of water inflow to the Antarctic lakes of the Larsemann Hills oasis (East Antarctica). The objects of study are 11 lakes of the oasis. The analysis was performed based on the expeditionary data of the Russian Antarctic Expedition (RAE): 63rd season (23 December 2017 – 3 February 2018), 64th season (12 January 2019 – 27 February 2019), 65th season (2 November 2019 – 24 March 2020). Data of lakes water level observations, aerial photography of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and route surveys are given, the results of identifying the boundaries of the lakes catchments are presented. The factors that determine the formation of water inflow to the lakes in this region were identified based on the analysis of the materials. The most significant are the meteorological conditions, the presence of perennial snowfields and glacial areas in the catchments, and the presence of lakes that can cause outburst flood. The seasonally thawed layer also has an impact on the formation of the inflow to the lakes. The vegetation cover is not so important for inflow formation in this region due to the physical and geographical conditions. As for anthropogenic activity, it mainly affects the environmental situation of the catchments and water quality, while the anthropogenic influence on the formation of water inflow to the lakes in the oasis is limited to the territories of polar stations. The factors identified should be taken into account in the further study of hydrological processes, the creation of models that describe them, and the organization of field observations.

PRODUCTION OPTIMIZATION OF SANDING HORIZONTAL WELLS USING A DISTRIBUTED ACOUSTIC SENSING (DAS) SAND MONITORING SYSTEM: A CASE STUDY FROM THE ACG FIELD IN AZERBAIJAN

This paper discusses results from the first successful de­ ployment of a predictive modelling technology that in­ forms pressure optimization procedures to help minimize sand production and increase hydrocarbon production ef­ ficiency in sand prone oil wells. The technique takes variabilities in sand production ob­ served through time across the reservoir section, inferred from downhole sand entry logs, alongside real-time sand transportation logs that monitor sand deposition in pipe as key inputs (both of which computed using a fiber op­ tic Distributed Acoustic Sensor (DAS) based Downhole sand monitoring system). This data is then combined with other time series sensor inputs, like choke position, Down Hole Pressure (DHP) and surface flowline acous­tic measurement (sand detector) to predict drawdown pressure envelopes to improve production efficiency. This paper details observations and initial field results from the first deployment of the capability in a highly deviated sand prone oil well completed with an open hole gravel pack (OHGP) completion in the BP-operated Azeri- Chirag- Gunashli (ACG) field located in the Azer­ baijan sector of the Caspian Sea. The paper will detail observations and procedures used to increase oil produc­tion by over 25% and eliminate sanding risks using the technology. The proposed workflow is part of a compre­hensive suite of downhole sand surveillance and manage­ment tools fueled by streaming analytics capabilities run on DAS data that have played a key role in managing sand production challenges in the ACG field. The technology has been applied numerous times for base protection, drawdown optimization and targeted re­ mediation. In this instance, we discuss the use of the technology to (1) identify and inform the source of sand detected at surface e.g., formation or completion accu-mulation, (2) identify formation intervals at risk of sand­ing, and (3) design advisory operational procedures for production optimization.

Fe2+ and UV Catalytically Enhanced Ozonation of Selected Environmentally Persistent Antibiotics

The aim of the study was to determine oxidation potential of selected persistent, environmentally relevant antibiotics (Amoxicillin, Levofloxacin, and their mixture with Vancomycin) to reduce their environmental emissions. Ozonation (O3) and indirect ozonation at pH 9.5 (O3/pH9.5) were catalytically enhanced by addition of Fe2+ (O3/Fe2+) and photocatalytic ozonation in combination with Fe2+ and UV-A black light (O3/Fe2+/UV) at two temperatures using total organic carbon (TOC) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) to identify formation of by-products. Oxidative degradation followed pseudo-first order consecutive reactions. Initial phase of oxidation was more intensive than mineralisation at 21 and 40 °C: up to 57.3% and 69.2%, respectively. After 120 min mineralization at 21 °C was up to 64.9% while at 40 °C it was up to 84.6%. Oxidation reached up to 86.6% and 93.4% at 21 °C and 40 °C, respectively. The most efficient processes were indirect ozonation at pH 9.5 (O3/pH9.5) (up to 93.4%) and photocatalytic enhanced ozonation with Fe2+ and UV-A black light (O3/Fe2+/UV) (up to 89.8%). The lowest efficiency was determined in experiments with direct ozonation (up to 75.5%). Amoxicillin was the only one completely mineralised. Study confirmed that ozonation with addition of Fe2+ and UV radiation has the potential to improve efficiency of the antibiotic-removal processes. Further experiments varying amounts of Fe2+ and other experimental conditions should be accomplished to set up more general methodological approach for reduction of antibiotics emissions.

COVID-19 era healthcare ethics education: Cultivating educational and moral resilience

The COVID-19 pandemic crisis has had profound effects on global health, healthcare, and public health policy. It has also impacted education. Within undergraduate healthcare education of doctors, nurses, and allied professions, rapid shifts to distance learning and pedagogic content creation within new realities, demands of healthcare practice settings, shortened curricula, and/or earlier graduation have also challenged ethics teaching in terms of curriculum allotments or content specification. We propose expanding the notion of resilience to the field of ethics education under the conditions of remote learning. Educational resilience starts in the virtual classroom of ethics teaching, initially constituted as an “unpurposed space” of exchange about the pandemic’s challenging impact on students and educators. This continuously transforms into “purposed space” of reflection, discovering ethics as a repertory of orientative knowledge for addressing the pandemic’s challenges on personal, professional, societal, and global levels and for discovering (and then addressing) that the health of individuals and populations also has moral determinants. As such, an educational resilience framework with inherent adaptability rises to the challenge of supporting the moral agency of students acting both as professionals and as global citizens. Educational resilience is key in supporting and sustaining professional identify formation and facilitating the development of students’ moral resilience and leadership amid moral complexity and potential moral transgression—not only but especially in times of pandemic.

The value of recognition theory to Family Group Conferencing and child-care and protection

Much has been written over the past thirty years within the international social work literature on Family Group Conferencing as a process of decision making. Yet, the theories that frame our understanding of how Family Group Conferencing contributes towards family outcomes are less distinct. This article makes an original contribution to this literature by proposing the use of recognition theory as a beneficial lens for understanding the Family Group Conferencing process. The recognition theory contends that social relations acknowledge and validate personal existence and are pivotal to identify formation; a just society is therefore one where everyone gets due recognition. A retrospective qualitative study will be used to exemplify how Family Group Conferencing can create the conditions within which participants can experience different forms of recognition: care; respect; solidarity and, as such, experience a level of social justice (or not). It is argued that recognition within the Family Group Conferencing process can influence the identity and relationships of those involved in social work services. This article has significance beyond those with an interest in Family Group Conferencing as the recognition theory can shed light on the nature of relationships in social work practice more generally.

Introduction of a new teaching method to support Professional Identify Formation in medical students

Professional Identify Formation is regarded as fundamental to medical education. It involves a process of socialisation where knowledge is often acquired unconsciously via social interaction. Concrete teachings to support and mediate this socialisation process are difficult to implement, because of the implicit nature of the transferred knowledge. Before effective reflection can start, the implicit knowledge has to become explicit. The authors argue that training based on the Systemic Constellation method may be a promising way to support Professional Identify Formation among medical students, by increasing students’ awareness of their own socialisation process and the implicit knowledge that they have acquired. By visualising their social context with a group of students, the method is effective in making explicit the social context and the values, beliefs, perspectives that are present. This creates the possibility to discuss these values, beliefs, perspectives and explore differences, and stimulates individual and group reflection. The method is already widely used in business settings, but not yet in the medical education setting. This article presents how this new training method was implemented in the undergraduate medical curriculum of the University of Groningen, the Netherlands, and discusses its feasibility, acceptance and perceived usefulness by medical students.

Spice and Barrier Layers: An Arabian Sea Case Study

Barrier layers (BLs) are a frequent occurrence in low-latitude oceans, but variations in identification methods and quantitative descriptors used, as well as analyses of their lifetimes, lead to differing views on their overall impact. Herein a new method is proposed for identifying BLs that relies on the vertical spice profile rather than arbitrary temperature thresholds. Using 13 years of Argo profiling float data from the Arabian Sea, this method is shown to produce reasonable assessments of BL characteristics in the region. Similarly, use of the spice variable to identify formation mechanisms shows promise for using limited observational data and climatology to reproduce mechanisms proposed from modeling studies. Upper-ocean stability calculations combining profiling float and atmospheric forcing data are used to suggest the most likely one-dimensional mechanisms for erosion of BLs and to calculate the expected lifetimes of BLs throughout the year. Consistent with the evidence about the seasonal spatial extent and frequency of BLs, their duration is expected to be 2–3 times longer during the northeast monsoon than the southwest monsoon. However, the most likely erosion mechanisms vary widely throughout the year, as do the associated changes to the upper-ocean structure and thus likely impacts on SST.