A lettuce moisture detection method based on terahertz time-domain spectroscopy

ABSTRACT: For non-destructive detection of water stress in lettuce, terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) was used to quantitatively analyze water content in lettuce. Four gradient lettuce water contents were used . Spectral data of lettuce were collected by a THz-TDS system, and denoised using the S-G derivative, Savitzky-Golay (S-G) smoothing and normalization filtering. The fitting effect of the pretreatment method was better than that of regression fitting, and the S-G derivative fitting effect was obtained. Then a calibration set and a verification set were divided by the Kennan-Stone algorithm, sample set partitioning based on joint X-Y distance (SPXY) algorithm, and the random sampling (RS) algorithm, and the parameters of RS were optimized by regression fitting. The stability competitive adaptive reweighted sampling, iteratively retained information variables and interval combination optimization were used to select characteristic wavelengths, and then continuous projection was used on basis of the three algorithms above. After the successive projection algorithm was re-screened, partial least squares regression was used into modeling. The regression coefficients Rc 2 and RMSEC reach 0.8962 and 412.5% respectively, and Rp 2 and RMSEP of the verification set are 0.8757 and 528.9% respectively.

Researches on the Technology of Measuring Grain Moisture based on 555 Integrated Circuit

Grain is the material basis of human existence and development. Food quality has an important effect on people’s physical health for our country. Moisture content of grain has been an important factor in affecting food quaility. Every year, a substantial part of the food production is lost because of too much water contained in the food without drying. According to the annual statistics of the country’s harvest, loss of food due to drying time caused by water take up 500 - 10000000 tons, according to approximate 1.5% - 3% of the total grain output.With the development of science and technology, grain moisture detection, especially the real-time and accurate detection, has attracted more and more purchase, production, processing, storage, transportation, and attention from various aspects. Under this problem context, hardware-circuit-control system of grain moisture detection based on ATmega128 has been investigated and designed.

A THEORETICAL STUDY TO DESIGN A MICROWAVE RESONATOR FOR SENSING APPLICATIONS

This paper presents a microwave sensor design for moisture detection contents in petroleum productions based on metamaterials. The proposed sensor occupies a compacted size of 40×40×1.6 mm3 by using low-cost FR4 substrate. The proposed sensor consists of a transmission line and two split-ring resonators (SRRs) mounted on two sides. The transmission line is coupled to the outer ring of the SRRs to provide two resonant frequencies at 1.03 GHz and 3.04 GHz. It is observed that most of the electric fields fringing is come out of the air gap on the SRRs. Two pans are mounted on the sensor to contain the sample under test (SUT). The simulation studies are carried out by using the Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave studio. After introducing the pans, frequency shifts, △f1=150 MHz and △f2=424 MHz, are detected in the resonant frequency which is associated with the perturbation phenomenon when the water concentration is varied from 0% to 100%. The proposed sensor exhibits a reliable detection percentage of various different amounts of the moisture content in crude oil introductions. Generally, a good detection methodology is discovered by applying the proposed sensor for detecting the crude oil quality productions.

IoT Based Hygiene Monitor for Senior Citizens and Mentally Challenged

Advancements in medical science and technology, medicine and public health coupled with increased consciousness about nutrition and environmental and personal hygiene have paved the way for the dramatic increase in life expectancy globally in the past several decades. However, increased life expectancy has given rise to an increasing aging population, thus jeopardizing the socio-economic structure of many countries in terms of costs associated with elderly health-care and well- being. In order to deal with the growing need for elderly health-care services, it's essential to develop affordable, unobtrusive and easy-to-use health-care solutions. In this paper, we focused on smart diaper-moisture detection system using IOT. It is a paper based expendable dampness initiated Wi-Fi specialized gadget that could be fused into the conventional cellulose-based diaper. The Wi-Fi enabled sensor unit is done for minimal expense producing, low radiation uses Wi-Fi to send notification to authorized person. There are various approaches to distinguish and quantify dampness where a few models already exist, despite the fact that most strategies require dynamic hardware. When the diaper gets genuinely wet, the dampness sensor turns into source that takes care of an oscillator circuit. The power of the transmitted Wi-Fi connection is far below the levels where it could cause any harm to human.

Use of Ground Penetrating Radar in the Evaluation of Wood Structures: A Review

This paper is a review of published studies involving the use of ground penetrating radar (GPR) on wood structures. It also contains background information to help the reader understand how GPR functions. The use of GPR on wood structures began to grow in popularity at the turn of the millennium. GPR has many characteristics that make it attractive as an inspection tool for wood: it is faster than many acoustic and stress wave techniques; it does not require the use of a couplant; while it can also detect the presence of moisture. Moisture detection is of prime concern, and several researchers have labored to measure internal moisture using GPR. While there have been several laboratory studies involving the use of GPR on wood, its use as an inspection tool on large wood structures has been limited. This review identified knowledge gaps that need to be addressed to improve the efficacy of GPR as a reliable inspection tool of wood structure. Chief among these gaps, is the ability to distinguish the type of internal feature from the GPR output and the ability to identify internal decay.