Thermogravimetric Analysis and Kinetic Calculation on the Combustion Characteristics of Two Typical Shenhua Chars

Recently, a new ultra-low nitrogen combustion technology, pyrolysis and gasification coupling combustion, was proposed. The dependence on SCR or SNCR was reduced measurably with this technology. However, given the lower content of volatile matter in semi-chars, the burn-up ratio and combustion efficiency seemed to become lower. Thus, in this study, the combustion characteristics of the Shenhun and Carboniferous char were investigated under combustion conditions with the thermogravimetric method; meantime, kinetic calculation on the combustion characteristics were evaluated with Coats–Redfern method. Experiments indicated that Shenhun char showed good ignition and burnout characteristics when the pyrolysis temperature ranged from 973.15 K to1073.15 K; meanwhile, Carboniferous char showed good ignition and burnout characteristics when the pyrolysis temperature ranged from 873.15 K to 973.15 K. Besides, both the calculations and experiments indicated that Shenhun char showed better combustion characteristics than Carboniferous char.

High-Temperature Surface Oxide Growth Kinetics of Al–Si–Zr Bulk Alloys and Ribbons

A typical modification technique of the functional properties of Al–Si based alloys is the addition of some third element in trace level. In the present work, ternary Al–Si–Zr bulk and ribbon alloys have been prepared. The kinetics of high-temperature surface oxidation has been studied by thermogravimetric method. It was found that at the start of the experiment the chemical reaction velocity is rate-controlling while for longer times the (oxygen) diffusion is the rate-controlling process. Activation energy of the two stages of oxidation has been obtained. Additional studies such as thermochemical analysis, optical and electron microscopy, and microhardness tests have been done.

Studying the removal of CO2 on stratified ZnO prepared by hydro

In this study, ZnO was synthesized by the simple hydrothermal method. The physicochemical properties of the materials were characterized by SEM, XRD, N adsorption/desorption isotherm methods. The CO2 removal experiments were conducted using the thermogravimetric method (TGA). The material has a stratified structure, with a surface area of 24.4 m2/g and a pore volume of 0.280 cm3/g. The influences of temperature, ZnO morphology, and feed gas composition were studied. Besides, the durability and applicability of the material were evaluated through repeated regeneration.

Proximate analysis on animal feed granules composed of raw material from fish innards wastes

Introduction: Fish innards contain 14.01% protein, 20% lipid, 4.75% ash, and 60.62% water. Fish innards are formulated into granules for practicality in their application as animal feed. Aim: This research on the proximate analysis of animal feed granules composed of raw material from fish innards wastes used a descriptive quantitative method. Results: The result indicated that the water content measured using the thermogravimetric method was 6.62%, the ash content observed using the dry ashing method was 10.25%, the protein content checked using the biuret method was 37.03%, fat content using the soxhlet method was 6.13%, and carbohydrate content measured using phenol sulfate method was 26.14%. Conclusion: These findings show that nutrient contents in the composition of animal feed granules of raw material from fish innards wastes fulfill the regulation of animal feed content based on SNI-8509-2018.

Assessment of the accuracy of the thermogravimetric method for measuring humidity and the effectiveness of the application of this method in the agro-industrial complex

The problem of limited practical application of methods and devices for automatic control of the moisture content of products of the agro-industrial complex has been studied. Determination of moisture content of products of the agro-industrial complex by thermogravimetric method is considered. The efficiency of weighing and sampling by accelerated and arbitration methods is analyzed. The errors in determining the moisture content of products by the thermogravimetric method are estimated. It was found that the error of the accelerated method is several times higher than the error of the arbitration method. The need to improve the existing thermogravimetric method for determining moisture content, both in terms of rapidity and accuracy, is noted. The importance of choosing the optimal number of determined parameters of the research object, which ensures the maximum measurement accuracy, is shown. Based on the analysis and assessment of the accuracy of the thermogravimetric method for measuring humidity, the main requirements for the design of humidity control devices are formulated.

Penentuan Konstanta Laju Pengeringan Coconut Chips

This study aims to determine the drying rate constant of coconut chips using an oven. Coconut chips drying is carried out at drying temperatures of 50 ° C, 60 ° C and 70 ° C. Drying coconut chips has been conducted at an initial water content of 40-50% wb until it reached ± 10% wb. The change of moisture content was measured every 15 minutes, and the measurement of the water content was determined by the thermogravimetric method. Newton's model was used in determining the observation drying rate constant. Furthermore, the observation drying rate constant was applied to predict the drying rate constant as a function of temperature using the Arrhenius equation. The results showed that the predicted drying rate constants ranged from 0.0090 - 0.0130 minute-1.

Investigation on the Reaction Behaviour of Partially Reduced Iron under Blast Furnace Conditions

The reaction behaviour of partially reduced iron (PRI) was studied to understand the effect of PRI utilisation in the blast furnace process. For quantitative analysis, the reaction behaviour of PRI under typical operating conditions of a blast furnace was measured using the thermogravimetric method along with the reduction behaviour of hematite and sinter. Experimental results indicated that the reoxidation behaviour of the PRI under the conditions of the upper shaft of the blast furnace retarded the indirect reduction rate in the lower shaft. The rate constants derived from the grain model, experimental results of scanning electron microscopy, and porosimetry analysis indicated that the phenomenon of reduction retardation of PRI under the conditions of the lower shaft originated owing to the reoxidation of PRI, resulting in the blockage of pores. The reaction behaviour considering the reaction characteristics of PRI was derived under conventional blast furnace conditions.

Thermogravimetric devolatisation behavior of agricultural residue for generation of syngas

The thermal degradation characteristics of eucalyptus, pearl millet cob, and corncob were investigated using non-isothermal thermogravimetric method. This investigation was performed with the objective of carrying out thermochemical conversion for obtaining syngas. TG and DTG analysis were carried out to understand thermal devolatisation behavior and estimation of various thermophysical properties of the biomasses. The degradation behavior was analysed in the light of lignocellulosic composition that was found to have definitive influence on degradation outcomes. TG analysis has been utilized to obtain proximate analysis of biomass. Activation energy using Flynn-Wall-Ozawa method have been estimated and found to be 201, 150 and 68 kJ mol−1 for eucalyptus, pearl millet cob, and corncob respectively. The TG analysis and activation energy together indicated that corncob is easiest for thermochemical conversion amongst the three biomasses. The TG curve also confirms the same.