The influence of color temperature mismatch in star simulator on positioning accuracy and magnitude measurement by star sensor

During the calibrating of star sensor, the calibration accuracy is greatly affected by the mismatch between the color temperature of the light and the to-be-measured star, which further affects the attitude measurement accuracy. This paper studied the near-infrared spectra of stars with different color temperatures, and analyzed the errors on star positioning and magnitude measurement of star sensor due to the color temperature mismatch. The results showed that in the central field of view, the spot centroid deviation caused by spectral mismatch is smaller than that in the edge field of view.And the defocus of the imaging surface also affects the spot centroid deviation. Besides, when calibrating with 6000K color temperature light, the maximum measurement error can reach -1.9126 magnitude.

Simultaneous Measurement of Refractive Index and Flow Rate Using a Co2+-Doped Microfiber

This paper has proposed and experimentally demonstrated an integrated Co2+-doped microfiber Bragg grating sensor (Co-MFBGS) that can measure the surrounding liquid refractive index (LRI) and liquid flow rate (LFR) simultaneously. The Co-MFBGS provides well-defined resonant modes of core and cladding in the reflection spectrum. By monitoring the wavelength of the cladding mode, the LRI can be measured; meanwhile, by monitoring the wavelength of the core mode caused by the heat exchange, the LFR can be measured. The LRI and LFR can be distinguished by the wavelength separation between cladding mode and core mode. The experimental results show that in aqueous glycerin solution, the maximum measurement sensitivity for LRI detection is −7.85 nm/RIU (refractive index unit), and the LFR sensitivity is −1.93 nm/(μL/s) at a flow rate of 0.21 μL/s.

Assessment of the accuracy of the thermogravimetric method for measuring humidity and the effectiveness of the application of this method in the agro-industrial complex

The problem of limited practical application of methods and devices for automatic control of the moisture content of products of the agro-industrial complex has been studied. Determination of moisture content of products of the agro-industrial complex by thermogravimetric method is considered. The efficiency of weighing and sampling by accelerated and arbitration methods is analyzed. The errors in determining the moisture content of products by the thermogravimetric method are estimated. It was found that the error of the accelerated method is several times higher than the error of the arbitration method. The need to improve the existing thermogravimetric method for determining moisture content, both in terms of rapidity and accuracy, is noted. The importance of choosing the optimal number of determined parameters of the research object, which ensures the maximum measurement accuracy, is shown. Based on the analysis and assessment of the accuracy of the thermogravimetric method for measuring humidity, the main requirements for the design of humidity control devices are formulated.

Low-Process–Voltage–Temperature-Sensitivity Multi-Stage Timing Monitor for System-on-Chip Applications

High performance and complex system-on-chip (SoC) design require a throughput and stable timing monitor to reduce the impacts of uncertain timing and implement the dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) scheme for overall power reduction. This paper presents a multi-stage timing monitor, combining three timing-monitoring stages to achieve a high timing-monitoring resolution and a wide timing-monitoring range simultaneously. Additionally, because the proposed timing monitor has high immunity to the process–voltage–temperature (PVT) variation, it provides a more stable time-monitoring results. The time-monitoring resolution and range of the proposed timing monitor are 47 ps and 2.2 µs, respectively, and the maximum measurement error is 0.06%. Therefore, the proposed multi-stage timing monitor provides not only the timing information of the specified signals to maintain the functionality and performance of the SoC, but also makes the operation of the DVFS scheme more efficient and accurate in SoC design.

Simultaneous Strain and Temperature Measurement Based on Chaotic Brillouin Optical Correlation-Domain Analysis in Large-Effective-Area Fibers

Chaotic Brillouin optical correlation domain analysis (BOCDA) has been proposed and experimentally demonstrated with the advantage of high spatial resolution. However, it faces the same issue of the temperature and strain cross-sensitivity. In this paper, the simultaneous measurement of temperature and strain can be preliminarily achieved by analyzing the two Brillouin frequencies of the chaotic laser in a large-effective-area fiber (LEAF). A temperature resolution of 1 °C and a strain resolution of 20 µε can be obtained with a spatial resolution of 3.9 cm. The actual temperature and strain measurement errors are 0.37 °C and 10 µε, respectively, which are within the maximum measurement errors.

Observation and Records of Spatial Behavior For Wayfinding: A Case Study in a Hospital Built Environment

Autonomous and intuitive displacement is a parameter to verify the potential of information for spatial orientation in a built environment. Being oriented implies not getting lost on the route linked to a task, both in known or unknown environments. This topic is a maximum measurement of a user's behavior in their displacement. First, some main concepts will be presented, proposing some indicators for users’observation in the built environment. After that, a case study will be presented, using the indicators that are proposed based on the task, routes, strategies, and user behavior for a data collection. As a result, this data was checked with the Visibility Index (VI) method.

DEVELOPMENT OF A COLOURIMETRIC METHOD FOR QUALITY CONTROL OF SAUSAGE PRODUCTS PRODUCED USING CHITINOUS FOOD ADDITIVES

A crucial technological task that must be solved in the production of sausage products is to stabilize the product’s red colour. In this paper, we propose a scheme to determine the most significant parameters of the quality of dry-cured sausages by their colour characteristics. For this purpose, colour digital images were obtained, which were further processed using two classical colour representation systems: RGB and xyY. We monitored changes in pH and the ratio of water to dry matter in meat products. These crucial sausage properties were changed by introducing chitin-containing supplements into their recipes, which allowed us to solve two tasks simultaneously. The first comprises, as already mentioned, changing the properties of sausages to obtain correlations with colour characteristics. The second is to enrich meat products with chitin complex for preventive purposes to improve people’s nutrition. The construction of correlation dependencies using each coordinate separately in two colour systems showed that each system (RGB and xyY) has one colour channel with a maximum correlation coefficient. This is due to the colour features of sausages, which can be represented to the greatest extent with the help of only one colour coordinate in the considered colour representation systems (RGB and xyY). Using these colour coordinates will allow one to achieve maximum measurement accuracy. Thus, two tasks are being solved: the enrichment of food with dietary supplement and the development of a method to control their content.

Four Species of True Morels (Morchella) Recorded from Poonch District (Azad Jammu and Kashmir)

A study was carried out in three administrative units (tehsils) of Poonch district of Azad Jammu and Kasmir (AJK) state to record the presence of true morels belonging to genus Morchella of class Ascomycetes. A periodic random survey was carried out during the year 2015-16. Distribution of four species of morels Morchella esculenta (40%), M. elata (30%), M. deliciosa (20%) and M. semilibera (10%) was recorded during survey period from February 15 to March 30. During rest of months of survey period no morel was observed in the same locations. The temperature during collection ranged between 3-7 °C. Morels were found growing under plant canopies, tree shades and on disturbed grass lands. To isolate, morels were dug out with the help of shovel and spade. Detailed macro and microscopic features such as stipe, pileus, spore shape and size were recorded. The minimum pileus diameter measured was about 1.0-2.5 cm in M. semilibera, while the maximum measurement of pileus diameter was 7.0-7.5 cm in M. elata. The minimum stipe length was about 1.5-5.0 cm in M. deliciosa, while the maximum measurement was observed 7.0-10.0 cm in M. semilibera. In addition, spore print (yellow, pale and black) was observed, while the maximum spore size was found in case of M. semilibera. The findings of this study showed the presence of four different species of morels in Poonch district of Azad Jammu and Kashmir.

Ultra-Sensitive Flexible Tactile Sensor Based on Graphene Film

Flexible tactile sensor can be integrated into artificial skin and applied in industrial robot and biomedical engineering. However, the presented tactile sensors still have challenge in increasing sensitivity to expand the sensor’s application. Aiming at this problem, this paper presents an ultra-sensitive flexible tactile sensor. The sensor is based on piezoresistive effect of graphene film and is composed of upper substrate (PDMS bump with a size of 5 mm × 7 mm and a thickness of 1 mm), medial Graphene/PET film (Graphene/PET film with a size of 5 mm × 7 mm, PET with a hardness of 2H) and lower substrate (PI with fabricated electrodes). We presented the structure and reduced the principle of the sensor. We also fabricated several sample devices of the sensor and carried out experiment to test the performance. The results show that the sensor performed an ultra high sensitivity of 10.80/kPa at the range of 0–4 kPa and have a large measurement range up to 600 kPa. The sensor has 4 orders of magnitude between minimum resolution and maximum measurement range which have great advantage compared with state of the art. The sensor is expected to have great application prospect in robot and biomedical.

Study of Measurement Techniques for Strong Pulsed Magnetic Field

Background: Currently, how to measure the magnetic field accurately is a difficulty in the study of strong magnetic field. Methods: This paper summarizes several methods of measurement techniques for strong pulsed magnetic field presently, the principles and characteristics of various measurement methods are compared and analyzed. The maximum measurement intensity of electromagnetic induction method can reach 103T. The magneto-optical effect method of Faraday can measure the magnetic field intensity of 0.1~10T, and the measurement error is within 10-2T. Results: The MOKE effect can measure a magnetic field intensity up to 100T, with an error 3×10-2T. The Zeeman effect can be measured in a magnetic field intensity of 1~20T. Conclusion: The existential problems of various methods are described. Lastly, some solutions are proposed according to the existential problems, and the development of measurement techniques for strong pulsed magnetic field in the future is prospected.