THE INTERNATIONAL POPULARISATION OF LESSON STUDY: EARLY STUDIES AND THEIR RELEVANCE IN LATER LITERATURE

Lesson study (LS) is a teachers’ professional development practice with a Japanese origin that, at present, is practiced in more than 30 countries. Literature on LS acknowledges the works of Stigler and Hiebert and of Yoshida in 1999 as the origin of its internationalization. However, earlier studies described its practice and have mostly remained under the radar of LS previous researcher. This historical and documentary literature review sheds light on these previous studies describing LS, analyses their bibliometric relevance, and uncovers the first use of ‘lesson study’ as the terminology adopted in the international literature. Results reveal eight studies clearly describing LS before 1999 and more oblique references in the 1980s. ‘Lesson study’ appeared first in 1997, but we make the case for the previous use of other terminology. Findings also show that only those studies written by authors who later became key in the field of LS have received a high number of citations. These results bring attention to LS-related literature that has infrequently been cited, granting it recognition in the international history of LS, and expanding our current view in relation to its practice.

KESTABILAN MODEL PETRI NET DARI SISTEM PEMBAYARAN TAGIHAN LISTRIK PT. PLN (Persero) RAYON AMBON TIMUR

This research develops the previous one of the electricity bill payment system in PT. PLN (Persero) Rayon East Ambon modelled by Petri Net. The previous researcher had built the Petri Net model of this payment system. In this research, we determine whether the system modelled before is stable or not. This stability will be analysed using the Lyapunov stability theory related to the Petri Net. The result shows that the electricity bill payment system modelled by Petri Net before is not stable but can be stabilized. This can be caused there is a transition which is ‘always enable’ in the modelled which is built. This research also performs a stable model of Petri Net that represents the electricity bill payment system with deleting the ‘always enable’ transition

AN ANALYSIS OF TABOO WORDS IN DEADPOOL MOVIE

The research dealt with taboo words in Deapool movie. The objectives of research aimed at explaining the types of taboo words and also to figure out motives of using taboo words in Deadpool movie. The research conducted by using descriptive qualitative method. This study was different from previous researcher that found types and function of taboo words while in this study focused on types and motives of using taboo words. The data were taken from the utterances that contain taboo words by first main character in this movie. There were 82 taboo words that had been uttered in this movie. From nine types of taboo words, there were eight of them, they were Cursing 2,44 %, Profanity 3,66 %, Obscenity 40,24%, Vulgarity 6,10 %, Insults and slurs 9,76 %, Slang 12,20 %, Epithets 20,73 %, and Scatology 2,44 %. And for the motives of using taboo words, there were five from five motives of them, they were Angry or Frustration 30,48 %, Descriptive- evaluative 43,90 %, Joking 7,32 %, Surprise 14,64 %, and Sarcastic Irony Insults 3,66 %.

Technology Readiness and Digital Competing Capabilities: Digital Value Resonance

The digital economy for MSMEs still possesses complex problems in the debate over technology readiness and competitive digital capabilities. The increase of dynamic product innovation changes is only effectively supported by digital value resonance. Addressing this issue, this research aims to explore the readiness of technology and the ability to compete digitally for innovative products through the resonance of digital value, especially for multi-business businesses. The data were collected from 170 respondents of small and medium-sized businesses through questionnaires. SEM-PLS techniques were used to analyze the data with a path mediated by digital value resonance on product innovation. The results showed that the resonance of digital value successfully mediated the relationship of technological readiness and digital competing capabilities, as well as direct links to the improvement of innovative products. Digital consumer habits also successfully strengthened the relationship of technological readiness and digital competing capabilities on the resonance of digital value. The advantages of this research lie in the synthesis of proposed digital value resonance variables from the results of resource-based view theory propositions in bridging the previous researcher gaps and contributing as a conceptual novelty model that can personalize digital value in the level of competition and increase MSMEs innovation products.

An Analysis on TunjukLangit (FINIALS): The Decorative Elements of the Kelantan Traditional Houses

Decorative elements are an important component in Malay traditional architecture. Apart from its unique construction technology and building form, decorative elements become the major factor contributes towards signifying the characteristics and identity of Malay traditional architecture. In Malaysia, every state has its own traditional house. The identification was based on roof design, spatial organisation and decorative elements. General study carried out by previous researcher indicates that there are at least 16 (sixteen) decorative elements in the traditional Malay architecture and it varies from every state. These decorative elements are none structure element of the house located at the roof, wall, doors and windows as “additional members” for aesthetic, functional and symbolic reasons. This paper discusses the analysis on one of themajordecorative elements that characterised the East Coast traditional houses which are the TunjukLangit or finials. Thirty-nine (39) selected houses from Kelantan were observed and investigated. Thirty-three (33) were found to have TunjukLangit as decorative element. Through visual data and verbal data collected, typological and chronological analysis were carried out. The study found that despite its similarity in design and form there are few types of TunjukLangit were identified. Those findings havebroadened up the discussion and debates on the theory of the traditional Malay architecture and can be used as guidelines by architects and designers.

Destination Attributes Affecting Negative Memory: Scale Development and Validation

Previous researcher has discussed the significance of negative emotional experiences on consumer behavior. However, the extant memorable tourism experiences literature is preoccupied with discussing positive memorable experiences. To address this gap and to support destination managers, this study developed a scale that conceptualizes destination attributes associated with negatively memorable tourism experiences. Employing a multi-study method, this study identified a six-dimensional construct that influences negatively memorable tourism experiences. Multiple data supported the dimensional structure of this scale and confirmed its reliability, construct validity, discriminant, and predictive validity. Theoretical and managerial implications drawn from this study are discussed in detail.

Perilaku Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT) Sebagai Material Utama Bangunan Tingkat Menengah Tahan Gempa di Indonesia

Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is made up of multilayered timber stacked perpendicularly, which improved the dimensional stability and allowing CLT to has high bearing capacity in its two direction. Despite all the advantages, CLT has not yet gain much attention in Indonesian, especially the utilization in mid-rise building construction. In order to have a better understanding about CLT as main structural element, the behaviour of mid-rise building made of CLT was assessed by running a 3D model of 5-story building by combining building code in Indonesia with CLT parameter from previous researcher as well as recommended adjustment from previous researchers. The research shows that CLT building statisy the allowable parameter for mid-rise building in Indonesia.

FEMINISM IN VERONICA ROTH’S MOVIE “DIVERGENT”

The study deals with Feminism in Veronica Roth’s Movie “Divergent” from three women character. The objective of the study were to find out the types of feminism and the roles of women in Divergent movie. The research method of this study used qualitative research, relying on the analysis and description of previous researcher and the studies of feminism. The data of this study were the utterances that can be found out from the script of divergent movie. The data of this research were analyzed by using Tong’s theory. The researcher found there are 3 types of feminism in three women character in Divergent movie, they are : 5 statements that are included in liberal feminism, 12 statements are included in radical feminism, and 3 statements are included in anarchist feminism. The role of women that can be found from three women character in Divergent movie was the role of women in domestic sector and the role of women in public sector. Keywords: Divergent Feminism, Movie

TABOO LANGUAGE EXPRESSION BETWEEN SELLER AND BUYER IN TRADITIONAL MARKET

The study deals with Feminism in Veronica Roth’s Movie “Divergent” from three women character. The objective of the study were to find out the types of feminism and the roles of women in Divergent movie. The research method of this study used qualitative research, relying on the analysis and description of previous researcher and the studies of feminism. The data of this study were the utterances that can be found out from the script of divergent movie. The data of this research were analyzed by using Tong’s theory. The researcher found there are 3 types of feminism in three women character in Divergent movie, they are : 5 statements that are included in liberal feminism, 12 statements are included in radical feminism, and 3 statements are included in anarchist feminism. The role of women that can be found from three women character in Divergent movie was the role of women in domestic sector and the role of women in public sector. Keywords: Divergent Feminism, Movie

Physical Rigging Procedures Based on Character Type and Design in 3D Animation

In 3D (Three-Dimensional) animation pipeline, the term rigging is commonly used to describe the process of creating skeleton system inside the finishing 3D character geometry and assigning animation controllers for animators to animate the 3D character. In order to establish a fluidity movement on the character, the proper setting must be planned and the flexibility of the controller must be setup properly. However, the discussion and understanding about rigging setup for specific 3D characters from previous researcher is very limited. Hence, the process of rigging will take longer time to complete especially for novice rigger artist. This study will explore the fundamental process of character rigging system and identify the method and techniques for rigging characters based on their anatomy designs. The analysis of this study will look on the conceptual design of the character; how to implement proper techniques and workflow based on the primary and secondary data provided in this study. The findings in this paper indicate common techniques for human rig object in 3D characters is using Biped, CAT or auto rigs. From our experiment, we found biped or CAT rigging is the best setting for the animals and realism characters. Custom rig is suitable for cartoony characters. Rigging system for anthropomorphism character is a bit different from the human rigs system. Anthropomorphism character requires several modifications on their physical appearances in which adding or subtracting the limb that physically taken from specific animal or any objects. For this type of character, we suggested to use biped rigging system. However, for complex anthropomorphism characters with many form structures, the study of movement, exaggeration and bone limitation must be analyzed before deciding the proper technique for rigging. Hence, the chain rig system is the best option for this type of anthropomorphism character. Therefore, rigging in animation is the process assembling the skeleton system into the character. The use of proper rigging style will determine how the character move and pose in final animation.