Changes in Serum Fatty Acids and Inflammatory Markers in Postmenopausal Women With Breast Cancer Following Chemotherapy Treatment

Objectives Chemotherapy induces an inflammatory state. Fatty acids (FAs) are potent signaling molecules that can alter inflammation. The objective of this research was to examine if serum fatty acids and inflammatory markers in postmenopausal breast cancer patients changed during and after chemotherapy. Methods Serum samples from 60 women undergoing chemotherapy for breast cancer were collected at baseline (n = 50), the fourth cycle of chemotherapy (chemo-4; n = 40), and 6 months after chemotherapy (6M post-chemo; n = 34). Serum F As were extracted, methylated, then analyzed using gas chromatography; serum cytokines were analyzed using multiplex enzyme-linked immunoassay. After natural log-transformation data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by post hoc tests using Tukey's Honest Significant Difference test. Results From baseline to chemo-4, C18:0, C20:0, and C22:5n6 significantly decreased (P < 0.05 for all) while C18:1n9, total n-9 FAs, total monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs), and tumor necrosis factor alpha-receptor II (TNF-RII) increased (P < 0.05 for all). From chemo-4 to 6M post-chemo, FAs did not change significantly; however, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 increased (P < 0.05). From baseline to 6M post-chemo, C20:0 significantly decreased (P < 0.05) while C18:1n9, C20:1n9, total n-9 FAs, total MUFAs significantly increased (P < 0.05 for all); additionally, the n-3/n-6 ratio and IL-6 significantly increased (P < 0.05 for all). Conclusions There were significant changes in serum FAs and serum cytokines in women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Cytokine changes were consistent with a more inflammatory profile during and after chemotherapy. Future research will investigate associations between serum FAs and serum inflammatory markers in breast cancer survivors undergoing chemotherapy. Funding Sources The Ohio State University Stefanie Spielman Breast Cancer Center Kroger Fund.

Abstract 13690: Association of Serum Fatty Acids With Age at the Onset of Acute Ischemic Stroke in Patients Aged 50 Years or Older

Introduction: There are few reports about the association of concentrations and proportions of serum fatty acids with age at the onset of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in elderly patients. Hypothesis: A higher level of saturated FA (SFA) and n-6 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) cause a younger onset of AIS, and a higher level of n-3 PUFA causes an older onset of AIS. Methods: For the retrospective cross-sectional study, we included patients aged 50 years or older who: 1) were admitted to our institution between August 2016 and July 2019 within 24 hours of AIS onset, and 2) underwent an examination of serum fatty acids. We evaluated concentrations of palmitic acid (PA) and stearic acid (SA) as SFA, oleic acid (OlA) as n-9 PUFA, linoleic acid (LiA), dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA), arachidonic acid (AA) as n-6 PUFA on admission. We evaluated the concentration of alpha-linolenic acid (AlA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) as n-3 PUFA on admission. We evaluated the proportion of PA, SA, OlA, LiA, DGLA, AA, AlA, EPA, and DHA on admission. Furthermore, we evaluated their correlations with age at the AIS onset. Results: Three hundred sixty-six patients met our inclusion criteria. Their median average age was 75 years. Age at the onset was negatively correlated with concentrations of PA, SA, OlA, LiA, DGLA, AA, and AlA. Age at the onset was negatively correlated with the proportion of SA, OlA, and DGLA and positively correlated with the proportion of EPA and DHA. Multiple regression analysis showed that DGLA was an independent factor for the younger onset of AIS. Multiple regression analysis showed that DHA proportion was an independent factor for the older onset and that proportions of SA and DGLA were independent factors for the younger onset of AIS. Conclusions: The higher proportion of SA (SFA) and higher concentration and proportion of DGLA (n-6 PUFA) were significantly correlated with the younger onset of AIS, and the higher proportion of DHA (n-3 PUFA) was significantly correlated with the older onset of AIS.

Role of Serum Fatty Acids in Children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura by GC-MS analysis

BACKGROUND: The objectives of this work were to discover the changes of serum Medium- and Long-Chain fatty acids levels and its possible relationship with Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP), also referred to as Immunoglobulin A vasculitis in children. METHODS: A total of 58 children with HSP and 28 healthy children were recruited for this study. Serum fatty acids were analyzed by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). RESULTS: 31 species of Fatty acids were discovered to have a significant difference between HSP group and healthy control group (CON group). The contents of all detected 37 fatty acids in the HSP group were higher than the healthy group. Parts of fatty acids were found in our study having significant change according to the treatment. Palmitate (C16:0) and 18 carbon atoms (C18) of fatty acids were abundant in all three groups of HSP. Elaidate (C18:1T), cis-11,14,17-Eicosatrienoic acid ester (C20:1) and cis-15-tetracosenoate (C24:1) were found to have a correlation on renal damage of HSP. CONCLUSION: Our study provides clinical evidence to support that fatty acid metabolism is associated with HSP by GC-MS method. Glucocorticoid therapy has a certain relationship with fatty acid metabolism during HSP treatment. Meanwhile, long-chain MUFAs may have an impact on renal damage of HSP. In addition, we speculate that a low BMI may be a kind of manifestation of abnormal fatty acid metabolism in HSP. All in all, further study is needed to explore the specific mechanism of fatty acids and HSP.

Abstract P491: Serum Fatty Acids Concentrations and Compositions, Lipids Concentrations and Their Correlation in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Aged 50 Years or Older

Background: Compositions of serum fatty acids (s-FAs), such as palmitic acid (PA), oleic acid (OlA), linoleic acid (LiA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and their correlation with serum lipids (s-LPs), such as total cholesterol (T-CHO) and triglycerides (TG), have been reported in healthy young or middle subjects. However, little is known about s-FAs features in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. Hypothesis: Serum FAs features in AIS elderly patients are different from those in healthy young subjects and concentrations of s-FAs provide different correlation with s-LPs from compositions. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of patients aged 50 years or older who were admitted to our institution between August 2016 and July 2019 within 24 hours of first AIS onset. We evaluated concentrations and compositions of s-FAs and their association with s-LPs, age and ischemic stroke subtype. Results: Three hundred sixty-six patients met our inclusive criteria. Their average age was 74.7 years, median T-CHO and TG were 203.5 and 102 mg/dl, respectively and median concentrations of PA, OlA, LiA and DHA were 642.5, 566.0, 723.0 and 129.8 μg/ml, respectively, and their median or mean compositions were 23.6, 20.9, 26.5 and 4.7 %, respectively. Concentrations of s-FAs had positive correlation with s-LPs. Concentrations of s-LPs and most of s-FAs had negative correlation with age. In stroke subtype of large-artery atherosclerosis or small-vessel occlusion (LAA_SVO) and in stroke subtype of cardioembolism or others (CE_O), mean age was 72.6 and 76.4 years (p<0.001), median TCHO was 214 and 194 mg/dl (p<0.0001), median TG was 113 and 95 mg/dl (p<0.05), median PA was 678.8 and 611.2 μg/ml (p<0.0001), median OlA was 613.8 and 532.4 μg/ml (p<0.001), median LiA was 767.2 and 696.1 μg/ml (p<0.001), and mean DHA was 131.4 and 127.9 μg/ml (ns). Compositions of PA, OlA, LiA and DHA had no correlation with T-CHO and compositions of PA and OlA had positive correlation with TG, whereas compositions of LiA and DHA had negative correlation with TG. Compositions of OlA had negative correlation with age, whereas DHA composition had positive correlation with age. There was little difference of compositions between stroke subtypes. Conclusions: In first AIS elderly patients, concentrations of most of s-FAs had positive correlation with s-LPs. In LAA_SVO, patients were younger and their concentrations of s-LPs and most of s-FAs were larger than in CE_O. On the other hand, correlation of s-FAs compositions with s-LPs was not constant and there was little difference of compositions between ischemic stroke subtypes.