scholarly journals STRUCTURAL AND SEMANTIC ASPECTS OF METAPHOR IN THE POETIC DISCOURSE OF PETRO SOROKA

2021 ◽  
pp. 214-220
Author(s):  
O. P. Shton
Keyword(s):  
Structural Features ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Literary Critic ◽  
Poetic Discourse ◽  
World Demand ◽  
Central Image ◽  
Interpretive Method ◽  
Metaphorical Structures ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Relevant Material

The article investigates the metaphorical space of poems collection «Frankincense of Autumn» by Ternopil artist, writer and literary critic Petro Soroka. The research subject is structural and semantic aspects of metaphorical constructions. The aim of the article is to determine structural and semantic features of metaphors in Petro Soroka’s poetic discourse. To achieve this, the author defines and specifies semantic and stylistic types of poetic metaphors; identifies image units structural features in the writer’s work. The analysis is based on descriptive method (selection and systematization of relevant material, observation of linguistic facts, their interpretation and generalization), semantic and stylistic method, contextual-interpretive method and also quantitative technique (to establish a frequency of different groups of metaphors). The study of Petro Soroka’s poetic discourse demonstrates complexity of associations that underlay individual authorial metaphors, and functioning of complex, extended metaphorical structures with authorial intellectualism. Poems present all of the semantic and stylistic types of metaphors. However, the factual material analysis indicates rareness of objectifiment and synesthetic metaphors. 87% of all metaphors are personifications, among which the most frequent are anthropomethaphors (79 %). Other personifications are zoometaphors (7 %), botanometaphors (13.5 %) and chimerometaphors (approximately 0.5 %). High number of anthropometaphors is caused by a person as a central image in Petro Soroka’s artistic world and focusing on feelings, emotions, experiences and inner state in general. Other lexical and phraseological features in the artist’s language world demand further research.

scholarly journals LINGUOPRAGMATIC POTENTIAL OF PROPRIAL VOCABULARY IN MODERN MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (11(79)) ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
Valentyna Bebykh ◽  
Natalia Bytsko
Keyword(s):  
Proper Names ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Medical Terminology ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Evolutionary Processes ◽  
Ratio Data ◽  
Functional Features

The article deals with the dynamic and evolutionary processes of eponymous terms formation in medicine in the systems of English and Ukrainian languages. The aim of the work is to systematize medical propriatives on the basis of such defining features as denotative-characteristic, etymological-word-forming and functional features. Methods and techniques adopted in onomastics and stylistics were used, such as: textual and stylistic analysis, classification of onomastic material, structural, etymological and word-formation analysis, analysis of variants of names, synthesis and identification of patterns. The research focuses on lexical and semantic features and structural features of medical terms with an onymic component. The scientific research of domestic and foreign researchers on the presence or absence of a clear boundary between common and proper names is analyzed. The ways of origin of propriatives and ways of forming a layer of onymic medical vocabulary are outlined. Based on the samples of eponymous terms in accordance with the fields of medicine, in particular rheumatology and neurology, anatomy and clinical nomenclature, the characteristics of dynamic and evolutionary processes in each of the subsystems is presented: quantitative ratio data are given, ways and methods of formation are identified, the role and place of eponyms in medical phenomena and objects are determined, the structural features of these terminological units are described. Much attention is paid to the process of transforming proper names into common words. The processes of transition of proper names into common names, which occur in medical terminology, differences of propriatives and appellates in functions, properties, mechanism of development, essence and linguistic features, context, etymology and translation are studied.

scholarly journals Conceptualization of Shame and Remorse in the Even Linguistic World View

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-255
Author(s):  
R. P. Kuzmina
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
World View ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Continuous Sampling ◽  
The World ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Descriptive Method

The article introduces a comprehensive analysis of the key concepts in the Even linguistic world view, i.e. shame and remorse. These concepts are represented by the following lexical units in the Even dialects: haldyun has analogies in all languages of the Tungus-Manchu group; nyumar, nyumarin and khadarin are recorded in the Eastern dialect of the Even language; kherkehyi is common in the Lamunkhin dialect. The semantic structure of these lexemes is complex and includes similar concepts of shyness, embarrassment, modesty, and humbleness. The work used the descriptive method, the continuous sampling method, and the conceptual analysis, as well as the methods of definition (highlighting semantic features), etymological analysis, collecting and processing of field data. In the national consciousness of the Even, shame and remorse are concepts that reflect the assessment of one’s behavior in society and attitude to the world. In addition, they also demonstrate strong emotional content.

scholarly journals Using the Ship-Gram Model for Japanese Keyword Extraction Based on News Reports

Complexity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Miao Teng
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Graph Model ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Keyword Extraction ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
News Reports ◽  
Semantic Coherence ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Cosine Distance

In this paper, we conduct an in-depth study of Japanese keyword extraction from news reports, train external computer document word sets from text preprocessing into word vectors using the Ship-gram model in the deep learning tool Word2Vec, and calculate the cosine distance between word vectors. In this paper, the sliding window in TextRank is designed to connect internal document information to improve the in-text semantic coherence. The main idea is to use not only the statistical and structural features of words but also the semantic features of words extracted through word-embedding techniques, i.e., multifeature fusion, to obtain the importance weights of words themselves and the attraction weights between words and then iteratively calculate the final weight of each word through the graph model algorithm to determine the extracted keywords. To verify the performance of the algorithm, extensive simulation experimental studies were conducted on three different types of datasets. The experimental results show that the proposed keyword extraction algorithm can improve the performance by a maximum of 6.45% and 20.36% compared with the existing word frequency statistics and graph model methods, respectively; MF-Rank can achieve a maximum performance improvement of 1.76% compared with PW-TF.

ZOONONYM AS A STRUCTURALLY MEANINGFUL COMPONENT OF GODONYMS IN STOCKHOLM

2021 ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
У.П. Природина
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Systematic Study ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Descriptive Method

В статье проводится исследование одного из сегментов топонимической системы шведского языка, а именно годонимов города Стокгольма, включающих в свой состав наименования животных. Цель исследования - установить структурно-семантические особенности избранной для изучения группы годонимов на основе анализа соотношения их с производящими словами, номинирующими различные виды птиц и млекопитающих, и показать важность избранной лексической группы в фиксации элементов шведской культуры. Актуальность статьи определяется главным образом важностью систематизированного изучения топонимов шведского языка и их лингвокультурной специфики. Избранный объект исследования рассматривается в двух ракурсах: лексикологическом и культурологическом. В первой части статьи изучаются структурно-семантические и, в частности, деривационные особенности отобранных единиц. Во второй части исследования данные наименования подвергаются культурологическому описанию, а именно, с точки зрения национально-культурного содержания, соотносимого с зоологическим компонентом годонимов города Стокгольма. Проанализированы 64 годонима города Стокгольма, производящей основой которых являются лексемы, называющие различные виды птиц и млекопитающих, имеющих важное значение в производственно-материальной деятельности шведов или представляющих определенные символы их духовной деятельности. В работе использованы следующие методы исследования: метод наблюдения, описательный метод и метод дефиниционного анализа, метод сопоставительного анализа и метод этимологического анализа. Результаты проведенного исследования дают представление о национальных особенностях зоологического кода шведской культуры, а также вносят некоторый вклад в развитие ономастики. Статья может быть интересна специалистам в области языкознания и культурологии, преподавателям шведского языка, аспирантам и студентам лингвистического и культурологического направлений подготовки. The article investigates one of the segments of the toponymic system of the Swedish language, namely the godonyms in Stockholm, which include the names of animals. The purpose of the study is to establish the structural-semantic features of the group of godonyms chosen for studying on the basis of analyzing their relationship with the producing words that nominate various species of birds and mammals, and to show the importance of the chosen lexical group in fixing the elements of the Swedish culture. The relevance of the article is determined mainly by the importance of a systematic study of the toponyms of the Swedish language and their linguistic and cultural specifics. The selected object of study is considered in two ways: lexicological and culturological. In the first part of the article, structural-semantic and, in particular, derivational features of the selected units are studied. In the second part of the study, these names are subjected to a culturological description, namely, from the point of view of the national-cultural content, which is correlated with the zoological component of the godonyms in Stockholm. 64 godonyms in Stockholm are analyzed, the production basis of which are lexemes that name various species of birds and mammals, which are important in the production and material activities of the Swedes or represent certain symbols of their spiritual activity. The following research methods were used in the work: observation method, descriptive method and method of definition analysis, comparative analysis method and etymological analysis method. The results of the study give an idea of the national features of the zoological code of the Swedish culture, and also make some contribution to the development of onomastics. The article may be of interest to specialists in the field of linguistics and cultural studies, teachers of the Swedish language, postgraduate students and students of linguistic and cultural studies.

scholarly journals An Approach to Semantic and Structural Features Learning for Software Defect Prediction

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Shi Meilong ◽  
Peng He ◽  
Haitao Xiao ◽  
Huixin Li ◽  
Cheng Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Representation Learning ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Defect Prediction ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Software Defect Prediction ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Software Defect ◽  
Software Network

Research on software defect prediction has achieved great success at modeling predictors. To build more accurate predictors, a number of hand-crafted features are proposed, such as static code features, process features, and social network features. Few models, however, consider the semantic and structural features of programs. Understanding the context information of source code files could explain a lot about the cause of defects in software. In this paper, we leverage representation learning for semantic and structural features generation. Specifically, we first extract token vectors of code files based on the Abstract Syntax Trees (ASTs) and then feed the token vectors into Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to automatically learn semantic features. Meanwhile, we also construct a complex network model based on the dependencies between code files, namely, software network (SN). After that, to learn the structural features, we apply the network embedding method to the resulting SN. Finally, we build a novel software defect prediction model based on the learned semantic and structural features (SDP-S2S). We evaluated our method on 6 projects collected from public PROMISE repositories. The results suggest that the contribution of structural features extracted from software network is prominent, and when combined with semantic features, the results seem to be better. In addition, compared with the traditional hand-crafted features, the F-measure values of SDP-S2S are generally increased, with a maximum growth rate of 99.5%. We also explore the parameter sensitivity in the learning process of semantic and structural features and provide guidance for the optimization of predictors.

scholarly journals Juego de escondidas entre Dios y el ser humano en la poesía de Antonio Machado

LETRAS ◽  
2006 ◽  
pp. 49-73
Author(s):  
Jorge Ramírez Caro
Keyword(s):  
Image Of God ◽  
Historical Jesus ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Antonio Machado ◽  
Poetic Discourse ◽  
The Image Of God

Se ponen de relieve las elaboraciones y los tratamientos de la imagen de Dios presentes en la poesía de Machado. Mediante un análisis de textos significativos, subraya las discrepancias del poeta ante las concepciones tradicionales de un Dios abstracto y de un Jesús sufriente, a las que el hablante propone el apego a un Jesús histórico, dador de una palabra imperecedera. El análisis se desarrolla mediante un examen del discurso poemático, de sus recursos estilísticos, fónicos y semánticos.This articIe emphasizes the interpretations and treatments of the image of God in Machado's poetry. By analyzing significant texts, this study points out the poet's discrepancies with the traditional conceptions of an abstract God and a suffering Christ, for which the speaker proposes a preference for a historical Jesus whose word will never perish. The analysis examines the poetic discourse, addressing stylistic, phonetic and semantic features.

scholarly journals STRUCTURAL AND SEMANTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS WITH THE ZOONYM PFERD

2021 ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
Римма Хатиповна Каримова
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Method ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
German Language ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Structural Composition ◽  
National Symbols ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Animal Images ◽  
Descriptive Method

Введение. На материале немецкого языка рассматриваются фразеологические единицы с компонентом «лошадь». Предметом изучения стали структура фразеологических единиц, их семантические особенности, обусловленные традициями, обычаями, общекультурной и национальной символикой образов животных. Цель – описать структурно-семантические особенности фразеологических единиц, содержащих структурный компонент Pferd; изучить внутреннюю форму фразеологических единиц, выявленную на основе толкований значений фзеологизмов по данным одноязычных словарей немецкого языка. Материал и методы. Материалом для исследования послужили фразеологические словари немецкого языка, электронные лексикографические источники. В работе использованы методы компонентного анализа, статистический и описательный методы. Результаты и обсуждение. Для определения происхождения изучаемых компонентов привлекались данные этимологических словарей Пфейлера, Дудена. На основе полученных данных сформированы тематические группы, отражающие коннотативный компонент значения фразеологизмов. В результате описания состава изученных тематических групп выявлены продуктивные структуры и характерные семантические особенности названных фразеологизмов. Семантика фразеологизмов определялась на основе данных одноязычных фразеологических словарей. Рассмотрен структурный состав фразеологических единиц: фразеологические единства, фразеологические выражения. Для получения достоверных выводов привлекались данные смежных наук: истории, лингвокультурологии, семиотики и др. Заключение. Полученные результаты могут использоваться на практических занятиях по лексикологии немецкого языка, в качестве иллюстративного материала при изучении немецкого языка на языковых факультетах. Introduction. The article is devoted to the study of phraseological units with the component «horse» in German lanIntroduction. The article is devoted to the study of phraseological units with the component «horse» in the German language. The subject of the study is the structure of phraseological units, their semantic features acquired due to traditions, customs, and general cultural and national symbols of animal images. The aim of the research is the description of the structural-semantic features of phraseological units with component “horse”. Material and methods. The material for the study is phraseological dictionaries of the German language and electronic lexicographic sources. The aim of the research is to study the internal form of phraseological units, identified on the basis of interpretations of the meanings of the units in accordance with German monolingual dictionaries. The paper uses the method of component analysis, statistical method and descriptive method. Results and discussion. To determine the origin of the components under study, etymological dictionaries data were used. On the basis of the obtained data, thematic groups that reflect the connotative component of the meaning of phraseological units were formed. As a result of the description of the studied thematic groups’ composition, the productive structures and characteristic semantic features of the units were identified. The semantics of phraseological units was determined on the basis of data from monolingual phraseological dictionaries. The structural composition of phraseological units is considered: phraseological unities, phraseological expressions. Data from history, linguoculturology, semiotics, folklore, etc. were used in order to obtain reliable conclusions. The graphical results of the study are shown in the figures. Conclusion. The results of the research can be used in practical classes of the lexicology of the German language.

scholarly journals MENACE IN THE SEMANTIC AND SYNTACTIC STRUCTURE OF THE SENTENCE

2020 ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
Kuravska N.Yu. ◽  
Tykha U.I.
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Structural Types ◽  
Pragmatic Analysis ◽  
Communicative Process ◽  
The Status ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Linguistic Phenomenon

Purpose. The article deals with the studying of semantics of menace as the means of expression of volitive modality. The purpose of the article is to determine the essence, semantic structure, functional and semantic specificity of menace; to analyze a menace situation in the system of its components, to examine the means of its expression in modern Ukrainian fiction.Methods. We have used method of theoretical and conceptual analysis for critical analysis of concepts available in Ukrainian and foreign linguistics regarding menace, method of continuous fixation of menace utterances from the texts of modern Ukrainian fiction, descriptive method and method of internal interpretation to establish differential features of menace, methods of semantic and functional-pragmatic analysis to characterize the functional-semantic features of menace and the means of its expression in modern Ukrainian fiction, method of contextual analysis, which assumes the existence of some context in which we study and analyze the semantics of menace.Results. The essence, semantic and functional peculiarity of menace compared to other modal manifestations is determined. Menace is a complicated linguistic phenomenon. Its origin is connected with the necessity of representation of the modal meaning of threat. Menace is a special type of volitive modality that realizes semantics of threat by a complex of different means. Menace is characterized by the independence of semantic structure, functional, communicative and pragmatic specificity, diversity of structural types. The peculiarities of the Ukrainian language in semantic and grammar meaning are also indicated.Conclusions. Menace is a mitigatory type of volitive modality, aimed at satisfying the needs, desires and interests of the speaker, and menace utterances are characterized by freedom of choice of the addressee, as he/she makes a decision as to the fulfillment of the action which is beneficial to the addresser. In a menace situation, the status of participants in the communicative process is not significant, and the action is performed by the addressee; menace utterances can be used both in formal and informal situations, they are initiative and normative. Verbal (lexical-semantic, morphological, syntactic) and non-verbal means are used to express menace, that prove and demonstrate illocutionary power of threat.Key words: menace modality, menace semantics, menace, menace utterance, menace situation, menace meaning. Мета. Стаття присвячена вивченню семантики менасива як засобу вираження модальності волевиявлення. Метою стат-ті є розкриття сутності менасива, визначення його семантичної структури і функціонально-семантичної специфіки; розгляд менасивної ситуації в системі її складників; аналіз різнорівневих засобів вираження менасива в художніх текстах сучасної української мови.Методи. У статті використано метод теоретико-концептуального аналізу для критичного аналізу концепцій, наявних в українському й зарубіжному мовознавстві стосовно менасива, метод суцільної фіксації менасивних висловлень із художніх текстів сучасної української мови, описовий метод із використанням прийому внутрішньої інтерпретації для встановлення диференційних ознак менасива, методики функціонально-семантичного й функціонально-прагматичного аналізу для харак-теристики функціонально-семантичних особливостей менасива та засобів його вираження в художніх текстах сучасної укра-їнської мови, а також для дослідження менасива в дії, у процесі його функціонування, метод контекстуального аналізу, який передбачає наявність деякого контексту, у якому вивчаємо й аналізуємо семантику менасива.Результати. У статті розкрито сутність, семантичну й функціональну своєрідність менасива на тлі інших модальних виявів. З’ясовано, що менасив є складним лінгвістичним явищем, виникнення якого пов’язане з необхідністю оформлення одного з видів модальних значень, а саме значення погрози. Визначено, що менасив є особливим типом волевиявлення, що реалізує семантику погрози сукупністю різнорівневих засобів. З’ясовано, що для менасива характерні незалежність семан-тичної структури, функціональна, комунікативна і прагматична специфіка, різноманітність структурних типів. У статті також показано специфіку української мови в семантико-граматичному сенсі.Висновки. Автори статті дійшли висновку, що менасив є одним із типів модальності пом’якшеного волевиявлення, спря-мований на задоволення потреб, бажань та інтересів мовця, а для менасивних висловлень характерна наявність свободи вибо-ру в адресата, оскільки він ухвалює рішення про виконання / невиконання дії, яка є бенефактивною для адресанта. У менасив-ній ситуації статус учасників комунікативного процесу несуттєвий, а каузовану дію виконує адресат; менасивні висловлення можуть уживати як в офіційній, так і в неофіційній обстановці, вони є ініціативними й нормативними. Для вираження мена-сива використовують вербальні (лексико-семантичні, морфологічні, синтаксичні) і невербальні засоби, які засвідчують і вияв-ляють іллокутивну силу погрози.Ключові слова: менасивність, менасивна модальність, менасивна семантика, менасив, менасивне висловлення, менасив-на ситуація, менасивне значення.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of the Structural and Semantic Features of Terminological Units of Professionally Oriented Discourse (on the Material of the English Language)

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-67
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Miletova ◽  
Olga Litvishko
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
English Language ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
International Court Of Justice ◽  
Part Of Speech ◽  
International Court ◽  
Religion And Law ◽  
Two Component

The article is devoted to the analysis of structural features of terms in the spheres of art, religion and law. The material of the research includes art-related texts from the journal The Artist, religion-related texts from the journal Faith and Philosophy published in the Internet, texts of the decisions of International Court of Justice presented in the official website of the Court. The authors speak about the existence of a universal classification of terms according to which terms can be classified into one-component, two-component and multi-component ones. The article presents a comparative analysis of terminological systems of art, religion and law. The results of the empirical research proved that the sphere of art is represented by one-component terms, verbalized by nouns, two-component terms expressed by a combination adjective + noun, multi-component terms consisting of three and more lexemes. The terminological system of religion is represented by one-component and two-component terms, expressed by analogous part-of-speech models. Terminological system of law also employs one-component terms expressed both by nouns and verbs, two-component terms represented by various structural models, multi-component terms.

scholarly journals Semantic of the form in rock-music: art-pedagogical aspect (on example of hardand-heavy)

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Larysa Vasylieva
Keyword(s):  
Instrumental Music ◽  
Rock Music ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Semantic Interpretation ◽  
Musical Composition ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Semantic Model

Purpose of Article - description of the semantic features of the hard-and-heavy musical composition in artistic and pedagogical aspects - the following tasks are specifically applied: individual perspectives of the study of semantics in rock music; need an organization theme), describe the structure and semantic model of hard and heavy compositions. Methodology relies on an integrated approach with the use of system-structural, functional and comparative methods, which allows to explore the characteristics of musical composition's semantics in hardand-heavy at the intonational-thematic, genre, compositional levels. Scientific novelty consists in describing the models of the structural and semantic organization of hard-and-heavy compositions on the basis of a study of the processes of shaping, thematic and structural organization. Hard-and-heavy uses various types of forms - from simple to complex, mirror-symmetric, open, alternative, which are based on one of the three types of thematic organization: monoriff, polyriff, spiral. Structural models of hard-and-heavy musical forms emerge based on the interaction of genre features of vocal and instrumental music. Each structural model corresponds to a generalized semantic model with a specific range of values. The guiding lines for semantic interpretation are representations of typical forms. The semantic model of a typical hardand-heavy composition has several particular models that play the role of a meaningful scenario, define the functional and dynamic profile of the piece, and create the semantic field of this form. Semantic analysis of the rock-piece`s form, as a component of the operational level of artistic and pedagogical analysis, provides an awareness of the joint action of the means of musical expression in their interconnection and conditionality of content. It reveals the structural features of a piece of music, facilitating the process of perception and providing active influence of musical images on the listeners

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