scholarly journals Comparative analysis of the detectability of microorganisms in the prostatic fluid and ejaculate according to the results of bacteriological analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
D. G. Pochernikov ◽  
N. Т. Postovoytenko ◽  
L. V. Yakovleva ◽  
A. I. Strelnikov ◽  
I. S. Kosterin
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Chronic Prostatitis ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Bacteriological Study ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Bacteriological Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Mass

Introduction. Currently the chronic prostatitis (NIH type IV) remains insufciently studied and difcult to treat with antibiotics. When making the diferential diagnosis of chronic prostatitis it is generally accepted by the EAU   and Russian guidelines that the detected microorganisms in the prostatic fuid and the ejaculate practically do not difer from each other. The tactics of treating patients with asymptomatic prostatitis by means of antibacterial drugs remains disputable. Most reputable authors believe that this category of patients shall receive treatment in case   of infertility, pregnancy miscarriage or forthcoming surgery on the prostate gland. Recently, EAU guidelines have expressed doubts regarding the identity of the microbiota found in the prostatic secretions and the ejaculate.The study objective. Comparative analysis of the detectability of microorganisms in prostatic secretions and the ejaculate by means of bacteriological analysis among the men with chronic prostatitis of category IV.Materials and methods. The study involved 117 men who went to the urological clinic to pregravid examination or on the occasion of infertility. All patients were diagnosed with prostatitis of category IV based on a standard examination, and then a bacteriological analysis of prostatic secretions and ejaculate was performed. During the research the prostatic fuid and ejaculate were taken simultaneously and the analysis was carried out in one and the same bacteriological laboratory. In case the titer of the detected microorganisms was signifcant, the patients were ofered to undergo treatment without the use of antibiotics but with combination of bovhyaluronidase azoximer with prostate protectors and/or OM-89; after that a control bacteriological study was performed.Results. In the prostatic secretions and in the semen, the most commonly found gram-positive microorganisms were Staphylococcus spp. and Enterococcus spp.; the representatives of the Enterobacteriaceae were found less frequently. It was statistically proven that the titer of bacteria in the prostatic secretions was considerably higher than that in the ejaculate (p <0.01). Sterile cultures were statistically-proven to be more frequent in ejaculate compared with prostatic secretions (13.7 % vs 3.4 %, p <0.01). When analyzing the coincidences for bacteria, low concordance was obtained for all identifed microorganisms (gram-positive bacteria varied from 48.3 to 79.5 %, gram-negative bacteria varied from 57.1 to 80.0 %). After the combined therapy, the bacterial mass signifcantly decreased in the prostate secretion from 104.3 ± 1.6  CFU/ml to 103.3 ± 2.0 CFU/ml (p = 0.008), while in the semen the bacterial mass decreased from 103.5 ± 1.8 CFU/ml to 102.6 ± 2.1 CFU/ml (p = 0.02). In the prostatic secretions, there was a statistically-proven decrease in the number of gram-negative bacteria (p = 0.05). As soon as the treatment was completed all the patients demonstrated the normalized number of leukocytes according to microscopy of prostate secretions or spermogram.Conclusion. The ejaculate is a more sterile biomaterial compared with the prostatic fuid, which should be taken into account in the diferential diagnostics of the chronic prostatitis of category IV and MAGI. The use of non-antibacterial treatment regimens, such as bovhyaluronidase azoximer, prostate protectors and OM-89, can reduce the titer of bacteria to insignifcant values both in the prostatic secretions and in the semen; and in some cases make the ejaculate sterile.

scholarly journals Experience of investigation the microflora and ejaculate proteins with different ultrasound picture of prostate

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 347-353
Author(s):  
A. P. Godovalov ◽  
T Yu. Danielyan ◽  
T I. Karpunina ◽  
N V. Vavilov
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Chronic Prostatitis ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Oxidative Modification ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Oxidative Modification Of Proteins ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Prostate Diseases

At present, there are practically no studies deciphering the mechanisms of the possible influence of opportunistic pathogens on the morphological changes in the prostate gland. Many authors doubt that bacteria are the cause of chronic prostatitis. In clinical practice with prostate diseases preference is given to ultrasound examination as a reliable and time-consuming diagnostic test. At the same time, many authors note that for the diagnosis of inflammatory diseases of reproductive organs, the study of relevant secrets is an actual and promising scientific direction.The aim of the study was the investigation of qualitative and quantitative composition of microflora, a number of ejaculate proteins against the background of a different echoscopic picture of prostate.Materials and methods. The study included 18 men was in infertile couples for more than 3 years with a previously diagnosed chronic prostatitis (N41.1, observation group), and 28 healthy volunteers (comparison group). All participants in the study performed transrectal ultrasound. In the ejaculate, the concentrations of immunoglobulins of the main classes, total protein and albumin, as well as the level of oxidative modification of proteins were determined. Microbiological examination of the ejaculate was performed according to generally accepted methods. For statistical evaluation of the data obtained, an unpaired version of Student's t-test was used. Differences were considered statistically significant at p<0.05.Results. Microflora of the ejaculate in observation group was represented mainly by gram-positive cocci. In 39% of cases, the growth of Gram-negative microflora was established, from which Escherichia coli was isolated in 71% of the samples. In most samples, microorganisms were in the association, which is more typical for diffuse changes in prostate tissue. In cases with fibrosis, a noticeable narrowing of the spectrum of the released microflora was recorded: from Gram-negative bacteria only E. coli was isolated, and Gram-positive microorganisms were absent altogether. It was shown that the development of fibrosis in the prostate gland tissue is accompanied by an increase in the concentration of total protein and albumin in the ejaculate. When the process goes to the calcification stage, the levels of these indicators decrease. It was found that in all cases, with the exception of severe fibrosis, the concentration of IgG increases and IgA decreases. The development of fibrosis is accompanied by a decrease in the level of IgG. In the present study, in determining the level of oxidative modification of proteins, a decrease in the concentration of such molecules was found in patients of observation group.Discussion. In general, chronic inflammation in prostate of men of reproductive age in more than 60% of cases was characterized by fibrosis of the organ tissue and/or the formation of calcifications. In such situation, conditions are created for the persistence of opportunistic pathogenic microflora in fibro-modified tissue beyond the reach of immune system factors. In addition, there are phenomena of secondary immunodeficiency at the local level, manifested in a decrease in the number of leukocytes and their radical-producing function. That is why we consider the detection of conditionally pathogenic microorganisms as an essential fact of the pathogenesis of prostatitis, especially in the case of fibrosis and the formation of calcifications. Thus, the qualitative and quantitative study of microflora, the presence and degree of modification of the main protein components of the ejaculate, to a greater or lesser extent reacting to infectious inflammation, is primarily an asymptomatic one, broadens the concept of the pathogenesis of chronic prostatitis. As an addition to the ultrasound, its results allow us to clarify the duration of the inflammatory process, and to significantly decipher the echographic changes recorded at different stages of the development of the disease.

Rapid demonstration of septic or infectious arthritis due to Gram-negative bacteria

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 686-687
Author(s):  
Jacob S. Hanker ◽  
Paul R. Gross ◽  
Beverly L. Giammara
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Arthritis ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Infectious Arthritis ◽  
Bacterial Arthritis ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Blood cultures are positive in approximately only 50 per cent of the patients with nongonococcal bacterial infectious arthritis and about 20 per cent of those with gonococcal arthritis. But the concept that gram-negative bacteria could be involved even in chronic arthritis is well-supported. Gram stains are more definitive in staphylococcal arthritis caused by gram-positive bacteria than in bacterial arthritis due to gram-negative bacteria. In the latter situation where gram-negative bacilli are the problem, Gram stains are helpful for 50% of the patients; they are only helpful for 25% of the patients, however, where gram-negative gonococci are the problem. In arthritis due to gram-positive Staphylococci. Gramstained smears are positive for 75% of the patients.

In-vitro Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Methanolic Extract of Shorea robusta Gaertn. F. Resin

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Sushma Vashisht ◽  
Manish Pal Singh ◽  
Viney Chawla
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Shorea Robusta ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Resin Extract

The methanolic extract of the resin of Shorea robusta was subjected to investigate its antioxidant and antibacterial properties its utility in free radical mediated diseases including diabetic, cardiovascular, cancer etc. The methanol extract of the resin was tested for antioxidant activity using scavenging activity of DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil) radical method, reducing power by FeCl3 and antibacterial activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria using disc diffusion method. The phytochemical screening considered the presence of triterpenoids, tannins and flavoniods. Overall, the plant extract is a source of natural antioxidants which might be helpful in preventing the progress of various oxidative stress mediated diseases including aging. The half inhibition concentration (IC50) of resin extract of Shorea robusta and ascorbic acid were 35.60 µg/ml and 31.91 µg/ml respectively. The resin extract exhibit a significant dose dependent inhibition of DPPH activity. Antibacterial activity was observed against gram positive and gram negative bacteria in dose dependent manner.Key Words: Shorea robusta, antioxidant, antibacterial, Disc-diffusion, DPPH.

Antibacterial activity of magnesium oxide nanoparticles prepared by Calcination method

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaf Ayad Kadhem ◽  
Miaad Hamzah Zghair ◽  
Sarah , Hussam H. Tizkam, Shoeb Alahmad Salih Mahdi ◽  
Hussam H. Tizkam ◽  
Shoeb Alahmad
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Magnesium Oxide ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Agar Disc

magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) were prepared by simple wet chemical method using different calcination temperatures. The prepared NPs were characterized by Electrostatic Discharge (ESD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). It demonstrates sharp intensive peak with the increase of crystallinty and increase of the size with varying morphologies with respect to increase of calcination temperature. Antibacterial studies were done on gram negative bacteria (E.coli) and gram positive bacteria (S.aureus) by agar disc diffusion method. The zones of inhibitions were found larger for gram positive bacteria than gram negative bacteria, this mean, antibacterial MgO NPs activity more active on gram positive bacteria than gram negative bacteria because of the structural differences. It was found that antibacterial activity of MgO NPs was found it has directly proportional with their concentration.

Antimicrobial Activity of Iron-Halide Complexes Against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nusrat Abedin ◽  
Abdullah Hamed A Alshehri ◽  
Ali M A Almughrbi ◽  
Olivia Moore ◽  
Sheikh Alyza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Extracellular Dna ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Antimicrobial Substances ◽  
Mammalian Cell Lines

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become one of the more serious threats to the global health. The emergence of bacteria resistant to antimicrobial substances decreases the potencies of current antibiotics. Consequently, there is an urgent and growing need for the developing of new classes of antibiotics. Three prepared novel iron complexes have a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity with minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values ranging from 3.5 to 10 mM and 3.5 to 40 mM against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria with antimicrobial resistance phenotype, respectively. Time-kill studies and quantification of the extracellular DNA confirmed the bacteriolytic mode of action of the iron-halide compounds. Additionally, the novel complexes showed significant antibiofilm activity against the tested pathogenic bacterial strains at concentrations lower than the MBC. The cytotoxic effect of the complexes on different mammalian cell lines show sub-cytotoxic values at concentrations lower than the minimum bactericidal concentrations.

BAKTERI PADA KARANG SCLERACTINIA DI KAWASAN PERAIRAN BUNAKEN, MOROTAI DAN RAJA AMPAT

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Eghbert Eghbert Elvan Eghbert Elvan Ampou ◽  
Iis Iis Triyulianti ◽  
Nuryani Widagti ◽  
Suciadi Catur Nugroho ◽  
Yuli Pancawati
Keyword(s):  
Scleractinian Coral ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Hard Coral ◽  
Field Sampling ◽  
Bacterial Isolation ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Coral Mucus ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Research on hard coral (Scleractinian coral) contaminated with bacteria is still not much done, especially in Indonesian waters. This study took samples of coral mucus in 2010 at 3 (three) different locations, namely Bunaken (May); Morotai (September) and Raja Ampat (November), which focused on the analysis of Research on hard coral (Scleractinian coral) contaminated with bacteria is still not much done, especially in Indonesian waters. This study took samples of coral mucus in 2010 at 3 (three) different locations, namely Bunaken (May); Morotai (September) and Raja Ampat (November), which focused on the analysis of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The method used for field sampling is time swim, which is by diving at a depth of 5-10 meters for ± 30 minutes and randomly taking samples of coral mucus using siring or by taking directly on corals (reef branching). Mucus samples were analyzed by bacterial isolation in the laboratory. The result shows that there were differences between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria in the three research sites and that gram-positive bacteria were higher or dominant. Further research that can identify the bacteria species and explain its relationship to the ecosystem is highly recommended.Keywords: Bacteria, Scleractinian coral, gram-positive and -negative, Bunaken, Morotai, Raja Ampat  AbstrakPenelitian tentang karang keras (Scleractinian coral) yang terkontaminasi bakteri masih belum banyak dilakukan, terutama di perairan Indonesia. Penelitian ini mengambil sampel mucus karang pada tahun 2010 di 3 (tiga) lokasi berbeda, yakni Bunaken (Mei); Morotai (September) dan Raja Ampat (November), yang difokuskan pada analisis bakteri gram postif dan gram negatif. Metode yang digunakan untuk pengambilan sampel di lapangan adalah time swim, yaitu dengan penyelaman pada kedalaman 5-10 meter selama ±30 menit dan mengambil sampel mucus karang secara acak menggunakan siring atau dengan mengambil langsung pada karang (fraksi cabang). Sampel mucus dianalisis dengan cara isolasi bakteri di laboratorium. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan antara bakteri gram positif dan gram negative di tiga lokasi survei dan bakteri gram positif lebih tinggi atau dominan. Penelitian lebih lanjut yang dapat menentukan jenis bakteri serta menjelaskan hubungannya dengan ekosistem sangat disarankan untuk dilakukan.Kata Kunci : Bakteri, Scleractinian coral, gram positif dan negatif, Bunaken, Morotai, Raja Ampat

SDS-NaOH solution for rapid discrimination of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in urine

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 907
Author(s):  
Hu LI ◽  
Ming-kun CHEN ◽  
Hui WANG ◽  
Yan CHEN ◽  
Xian-hao SU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Rapid Discrimination

Structure-Activity Relationship and Antimicrobial Evaluation of N-Phenylpyrazole Curcumin Derivatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-488
Author(s):  
Heli Sanghvi ◽  
Satyendra Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Pyrazole Derivatives ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Curcumin Derivatives ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Electron Donating Groups ◽  
Derivatives Of

Background: Curcumin, one of the most important pharmacologically significant natural products, has gained significant consideration among scientists for decades since its multipharmacological activities. 1, 3-Dicarbonyl moiety of curcumin was found to be accountable for the rapid degradation of curcumin molecule. The aim of present work is to replace 1, 3-dicarbonyl moiety of curcumin by pyrazole and phenylpyrazole derivatives with a view to improving its stability and to investigate the role of substitution in N-phenylpyrazole curcumin on its antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive as well as Gram-negative bacteria. Methods: Pyrazole derivatives of curcumin were prepared by heating curcumin with phenyhydrazine/ substituted phenyhydrazine derivatives in AcOH. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography. Structures of purified compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR and Mass spectroscopy. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial activity by the microdilution broth susceptibility test method against gram positive (S. aureus) and gram negative (E. coli). Results: Effects of substitution in N-phenylpyrazole curcumin derivatives against S. aureus and E. coli were studied. The most active N-(3-Nitrophenylpyrazole) curcumin (12) exhibits twenty-fold more potency against S. aureus (MIC: 10μg/mL)) and N-(2-Fluoroophenylpyrazole) curcumin (5) fivefold more potency against E. coli (MIC; 50 μg/mL) than N-phenylpyrazole curcumin (4). Whereas, a remarkable decline in anti-bacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli was observed when electron donating groups were incorporated in N-phenylpyrazole curcumin (4). Comparative studies of synthesized compounds suggest the effects of electron withdrawing and electron donating groups on unsubstituted phenylpyrazole curcumin (4). Conclusion: The structure-activity relationship (SAR) results indicated that the electron withdrawing and electron donating at N-phenylpyrazole curcumin played key roles for their bacterial inhibitory effects. The results of the antibacterial evaluation showed that the synthesized pyrazole derivatives of curcumin displayed moderate to very high activity in S. aureus. In conclusion, the series of novel curcumin derivatives were designed, synthesized and tested for their antibacterial activities against S. aureus and E. coli. Among them, N-(3-Nitrophenylpyrazole curcumin; 12) was most active against S. aureus (Gram-positive) and N-(2-Fluoroophenylpyrazole) curcumin (5) against E. coli (Gram-negative) bacteria.

scholarly journals Activity of Specialized Biomolecules against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tânia D. Tavares ◽  
Joana C. Antunes ◽  
Jorge Padrão ◽  
Ana I. Ribeiro ◽  
Andrea Zille ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Morphology ◽  
Time Averaging ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Intracellular Space ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations ◽  
Agar Diffusion Test ◽  
Short Period

The increased resistance of bacteria against conventional pharmaceutical solutions, the antibiotics, has raised serious health concerns. This has stimulated interest in the development of bio-based therapeutics with limited resistance, namely, essential oils (EOs) or antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). This study envisaged the evaluation of the antimicrobial efficacy of selected biomolecules, namely LL37, pexiganan, tea tree oil (TTO), cinnamon leaf oil (CLO) and niaouli oil (NO), against four bacteria commonly associated to nosocomial infections: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The antibiotic vancomycin and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were used as control compounds for comparison purposes. The biomolecules were initially screened for their antibacterial efficacy using the agar-diffusion test, followed by the determination of minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs), kill-time kinetics and the evaluation of the cell morphology upon 24 h exposure. All agents were effective against the selected bacteria. Interestingly, the AgNPs required a higher concentration (4000–1250 μg/mL) to induce the same effects as the AMPs (500–7.8 μg/mL) or EOs (365.2–19.7 μg/mL). Pexiganan and CLO were the most effective biomolecules, requiring lower concentrations to kill both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (62.5–7.8 μg/mL and 39.3–19.7 μg/mL, respectively), within a short period of time (averaging 2 h 15 min for all bacteria). Most biomolecules apparently disrupted the bacteria membrane stability due to the observed cell morphology deformation and by effecting on the intracellular space. AMPs were observed to induce morphological deformations and cellular content release, while EOs were seen to split and completely envelope bacteria. Data unraveled more of the potential of these new biomolecules as replacements for the conventional antibiotics and allowed us to take a step forward in the understanding of their mechanisms of action against infection-related bacteria.

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