Pedagogical And Psychological Aspects Of Independent Education

This article examines the question of self-learning from a pedagogical and psychological point of view. The principles of self-education are explained by age categories.

Sistem Pakar Memilih Tipe Belajar Anak Retardasi Mental Menggunakan Metode Case Based Reasoning

Mental retardation is an intellectual disability characterized by intelligence being below average. People who are mentally retarded can learn new abilities, but the pace of learning is very slow. There are problems that often occur in the detection that children have mental retardation, especially by parents due to the lack of knowledge of the parents about this, resulting in the mistake of choosing the right type of learning for children. If this is allowed to continue, it will result in the child's mental condition getting worse. Due to these problems, a solution is offered in the form of an expert system application with the Case Based Reasoning (CBR) method, this method will match the symptom data of the old disease with the symptom data consulted by the user so that the similarity number of each type of mental retardation will be produced. The final result of this study is the percentage value of similarity along with recommendations in the form of suggestions and solutions that will be carried out by parents in providing independent education to children with mental retardation. The results obtained were in the form of mental retardation with a percentage of 0%, disabled with a percentage of 82.35%, with disabilities with a percentage of 0%.

The Contents of Students’ Independent Education and Methods of Implementation

This article outlines the content, ways of organizing students' independent learning, the types and objectives of independent learning. It also reveals the levels and criteria of independent learning activities, the stages of implementation of independent learning, the ways of developing skills and competence of working independently, as well as the degrees of independent learning.

Pesantren And Liberating Education (A Case Study at Islamic Boarding School ISC Aswaja Lintang Songo Piyungan Yogyakarta)

The aims of this research are how the existence of Islamic Boarding School (pesantren) ISC Aswaja Lintang Songo Piyungan Yogyakarta in implementing education that liberates its students and how progressivism views a liberating education in this pesantren. This research is naturalistic qualitative research and the strategy used is a case study. The objects of this research are a pesantren leader (kiai) and several senior teachers. Data obtained through observations, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique uses the Miles and Huberman model analysis. The results of this research indicate that independent education in this pesantren is the starting point for implementing liberating education. This pesantren has an education system which is different from other pesantren, in that kiai gives liberation for their students (santri) to choose activities inside and outside pesantren. Therefore, in the view of progressivism, there are at least five things seen from the education process in this pesantren, namely 1). Kiai does not use their leadership in an authoritarian manner, 2). Kiai never carries out an exclusive educational process, 3). Kiai gives flexibility to santri in understanding Islamic education material, 4). Pesantren education has to continue to be open to social realities, and 5). The educational process carried out in pesantren is education of individual and social awareness.

Methodological Approaches to Preparing Students for Professional Innovative Activity

The article reveals the preparation for professional innovative activities at different levels (public, socio-pedagogical, theoreticalmethodological, and methodological-technological). The main types of innovation – creation, development, testing, implementation – are characterized. The phenomenon is briefly analyzed. Despite the accumulated experience and existing interest in the problem, there are few studies on the preparation for innovative activity of students of technical and cultural universities. In the article, a definition of the term “professional innovation” is proposed. The essence of readiness for innovation is presented. The choice of innovative, energyresource, integrative approaches to preparing students for innovative activity is substantiated. The functions of the approaches are presented. These functions are realized through a system of certain principles. In the article, the methods of analysis, questionnaire, testing, ranking were used to identify students’ and teachers’ values of innovative activity, to determine objective and subjective factors affecting professional innovative activity, and methods and means students and teachers find effective in developing creative abilities. The respondents emphasize professional patriotism, professional health (capacity for work), and creativity as the most significant values of innovative activity. The article presents the most effective forms, methods, and tools that contribute to readiness for innovation. Particular attention is paid to the innovative projects in mixed groups of the South Ural State University. The implementation of sociocultural projects at Chelyabinsk State Institute of Culture is described. Examples from practical experience are given. It is noted that the training of students in various types of their independent activities is based on their personal experience of independent activities. The necessity of pedagogical assistance is the most appropriate way of pedagogical support, creating conditions for students for independent education. It develops the readiness for innovative activity and the ability to manage educational activities. The key results of the study are: the specified content of key concepts; the determined structural elements of readiness for innovation, skills (forecast, planning, analysis, interpretation, reflection), values of innovation (professional patriotism, performance, health, creativity, etc.); the revealed methodological approaches to preparing students for professional innovative activity; the identified principles and conditions for the implementation and functioning of the phenomenon.

PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS BASED ON COMPETENCE-MODULAR LEARNING TECHNOLOGY

An innovative approach to the organization of students' independent education is described. The invariant structure of self-educational competence formation activity is considered. The notion of self-educational competences of four levels of complexity is introduced. With the help of the proposed methodological aids a student can independently organize his/her studies at a convenient time for him/her, as well as carry out self-control and determine the level of his/her knowledge. The proposed technology has been tested in two universities: Samara State University of Railway Transport and Samara State Technical University. The pedagogical experiment was carried out in the first and second year of fulltime and correspondence courses of mathematics.

Methods Of Educating Youth In The Spirit Of Patriotism, Physical And Intellectual Devotion To The Motherland

Improving the effectiveness of education to ensure that the person is at the centre of education and young people receive an independent education, they are well prepared in educational institutions and, in addition to solid knowledge in their field, possess modern pedagogical technologies and interactive methods. we need teachers who know the rules of use when organizing reading and educational activities. To do this, it is necessary to equip all-natural science teachers with new pedagogical technologies and interactive methods, apply the knowledge gained in teaching and educational activities, and constantly improve their qualifications. Today, the use of new pedagogical technologies in education is becoming increasingly important. It is known that pedagogical technology is intended for the educational process and determines the goal of the process of personality formation in society. The pedagogical system needs updating as society changes. The “National Program for Personnel Training” set the goal of education in a new direction: “to get rid of the ideological stigma of the past, to train highly qualified personnel that meet the highest moral and ethical standards at the level of developed democracies”. That is, today it is necessary to completely update the content of pedagogical technology, the goal of teaching, and the improvement of the pedagogical process. Education-based on advanced pedagogical technologies with the skilful use of traditional teaching methods is a requirement of our time. The main goal of reforming the education system is to develop students' ability to think independently, use modern information tools and teach them to apply their knowledge to solve any problems.

An innovative mechanisms to increase the effectiveness of independent education of future defectologists

This article provides recommendations for the organization of methodological services based on innovative approaches that affect the quality of education in general and special education institutions.