Female Politicians’ Gendered Communicative Structures

Recently there has been growing number of women running for national political positions. This study presents multimodal gender communicative-structures of female politicians. We analyzed 80 political interviews by all female politicians who ran for the 20th Knesset in Israel (n=40). The findings revealed novel integrated structures that combine masculine-verbal and feminine-nonverbal communicative-patterns. Unexpectedly, the adaptation of the mixed multimodal communicativestructure was strongly correlated with power, particularly in terms of seniority. In contemporary political communication, the inclusion of feminine-nonverbal communicative-patterns is a manifestation of political strength rather than of weakness. However, female politicians from cultural minorities express masculine-verbal and nonverbal communication-patterns, constituting the traditional communication-pattern of female politicians, which assumes that the key to female politicians’ success is adopting masculine communicative-structure.

The communicative structure of network political leadership: Opportunities for empirical research

The phenomenon of the leadership in the network space is becoming the subject of modern Russian and foreign studies. At the same time, the phenomenon has not been determined. The article describes the communication structure of network leadership between the concepts of network leadership, blogger, and influencer, as well as the basis for the future empirical research.

Die Psalmen als „verbale Bühnen“

Many psalms display characteristics that are – in literary theory – associated with performance texts like “dramas”. The criteria for this are that texts feature a “lexis” (direct speech out of the mouth of a discernible character), an “opsis” (elements evoking a scenery etc., often presented in direct speech), and plot structures (not only story plots, but also character development and the like). Many psalms fit this criterology, even though some more than others, as well as partially with some very unique characteristics. Still, this allows for understanding several psalms as miniature “verbally presented stages”. The implications of this basal communicative structure are explored in this contribution, a major of which pertains to the recent discussion on identification potentials: In some psalms the lyrical subject is an offer to identify with, whereas in others – the ones discussed here – it is better understood as opposite to the recipient.

The Issues Of Structural Categories Of Nominative Sentences

Traditional nominative sentences are one-syllable compounds, which represent the present tense and have real modal meanings. There are different opinions about its structural - semantic and communicative structure. The structure of the nominative constructions remains problematic. This article discusses the issue of structural categories of nominative sentences.

The Issue of Objectification of the Understanding of a Controversial Text within Forensic Linguistics

Based on the example analysis of a controversial text, the article addresses some linguistic phenomena making it challenging to interpert the texts, such as implicit expression of meaning, the incompleteness of the formal sentence structure, the presence of polysemantic components or linguistic components that require particular semanticizing or cognitive understanding. To precisely understand the controversial text and justify the results of linguistic research, it is necessary to overcome the mentioned factors’ negative influence. The meaning content of the analyzed text is twopronged: part of it has a non-explicit expression and involves a level of presuppositions of the text; therefore, the author of the article projected this content plan onto the communicative structure of the text using a description method based on the theory of rhetorical structures. As a result, an implicit content plan of the controversial text and the interpretation of its main controversial semantic components are presented. The analysis actualized several problematic issues related to the objectification of understanding a controversial text, which so far cannot be explicitly resolved. It is primarily the problem of the acceptability of the use of implicit information in a forensic perspective and the problem of eliminating the variability of the semantic understanding of controversial texts, the content of which is not explicit enough.

Philosophy as communication theory

There has been comparatively little attention for the fundamental ontology of communication in recent philosophy. Nevertheless, from classical metaphysical accounts of relationality and communal being to the analysis of intersubjectivity in phenomenology and to concrete existence as understood by process philosophy, the communicative structure of the act of being has been, if not explicitly then implicitly, a perennial component of metaphysical reflection. Communication theory can be conceived in such a way that it takes this ontological dimension into account. The ramifications of connecting being to communication in this way are explored in discussion with the conceptualizations of communication in integrationism and biosemiotics. An interpretation of Gabriel Marcel’s existential analysis of “my life” is used to show what philosophy as communication theory (in the strong sense of the notion elaborated here) might look like.

RUSSIAN ADVERB DAVNO ‚LONG AGO, FOR A LONG TIME‘ REVISITED FROM A CORPUS PERSPECTIVE

During the last twenty years, the Russian adverb davno ‘long ago, for a long time’ was widely discussed in literature. It was recognized that the unique parameter of davno is its inability to be the theme of a sentence. Moreover, if davno functions in the context of aspectual forms relating to the past it can only be the rheme. In the context of the aspectual verbal forms relating to the past but preserving the connection with the moment of speech, davno can be either the rheme proper, or a component of the rheme. A classic example of an aspectual verb form referring to the past is the general factual meaning of the imperfective aspect. At present, the spoken data corpora can shed light on the communicative structure analysis, since the prosodic structure of the sound speech provides a straightforward access to the communicative structure. Novel parameters of davno are as follows. 1) Whereas davno is traditionally recognized as a word of rhematic polarity it can nevertheless function as a component of the theme in the context of attributive clauses and constructions (Davno soglasovannyj visit dolzhen byl sostojatjsja v aprele ‘A visit planned long ago would take place in April’). 2) The general factual meaning of the imperfective aspect, contrary to what was assumed before, is not an absolute prerequisite for davno to function as the rheme. The spoken corpus showed that in the context of negation and in the context of the verbs of speech, the general factual allows for davno to function as a component of the rheme but not the rheme proper (Ja davno tebja ne videl ‘I have not been seeing you for a long time’; My davno govorili, chto nasha zadacha — eto borjba s terrorismom ‘We have been insisting for a long time that our main goal is the struggle against terrorism’). 3) A specific type of questions with the initial davno (as well as with other adverbs with the meaning of a considerable quantity like chasto ‘often’, mnogo ‘much’, and daleko ‘far away’) is singled out. Such questions cannot be unambiguously classified either as yes-no-questions or as wh-questions (I davno vy zdesj stoite? ‘And how long are you staying here?’). A description of unique prosody of such questions is given. 4) In the context of discourse continuity, davno acquires the rising prosody which is in fact uncharacteristic of a word, which is unable be the theme (Xotel eto sdelat’ davno, no teperj sdelaju tochno ‘I wished to do it long ago, but now I will do it for sure’). The rising tone is accounted for by the meaning of continuity, which has the same prosody as the theme. 5) In constructions kogda-to davno ‘once upon a time’, ochenj davno ‘very long ago’, davno-davno ‘very long ago’, davnymdavno ‘very long ago’, dovoljno davno ‘quite long ago’, ne tak davno ‘not so long ago’ davno loses its rhematic polarity. The parameters of davno are exemplified by spoken fragments taken from the Multimodal corpus of the Russian National corpus, and the minor working collection of the Russian speech recordings specifically set up for this investigation. The software program Praat was used in the process of analyzing the sound data.

Estate poetry at the turn of the XIX–XX centuries: transition to the post-estate period

The transitional nature of the era of the turn of the XIX–XX centuries re flects in the structure of the “estate supertext” of Russian literature. From a seman tic point of view, the elegiac moods of longing and loss are intensifying, get actu alized the motives of old age, sunset, autumn, winter. The communicative structure of estate poetry is becoming more complicated, which reflects the internal polemic with the preceding tradition and the growing dialogism associated with many new artistic trends and trends that interpret the same topic in different ways. The status of the “estate topos” is being transformed: it begins to fulfill not only a spatial func tion, but also a rhetorical one (illustration of an idea, point of view, argumentation).