Functional Acrylic Surfaces Obtained by Scratching

By using sandpaper of different grit, we have scratched up smooth sheets of acrylic to cover their surfaces with disordered but near parallel micro-grooves. This procedure allowed us to transform the acrylic surface into a functional surface; measuring the capillary rise of silicone oil up to an average height h¯, we found that h¯ evolves as a power law of the form h¯∼tn, where t is the elapsed time from the start of the flow and n takes the values 0.40 or 0.50, depending on the different inclinations of the sheets. Such behavior can be understood alluding to the theoretical predictions for the capillary rise in very tight, open capillary wedges. We also explore other functionalities of such surfaces, as the loss of mass of water sessile droplets on them and the generic role of worn surfaces, in the short survival time of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19.

Edge-Based Detection and Classification of Malicious Contents in Tor Darknet Using Machine Learning

With the increase of data in the network, the load of servers and communication links becomes heavier and heavier. Edge computing can alleviate this problem. Due to a sea of malicious contents in Darknet, it is of high research value to combine edge computing with content detection and analysis. Therefore, this paper illustrates an intelligent classification system based on machine learning and Scrapy that can detect and judge fleetly categories of services with malicious contents. Because of the nondisclosure and short survival time of Tor Darknet domain names, obtaining uniform resource locators (URLs) and resources of the network is challenging. In this paper, we focus on a network based on the Onion Router (tor) anonymous communication system. We designed a crawler program to obtain the contents of the Tor network and label them into six classes. We also construct a dataset which contains URLs, categories, and keywords. Edge computing is used to judge the category of websites. The accuracy of the classifier based on a machine learning algorithm is as high as 89%. The classifier will be used in an operational system which can help researchers quickly obtain malicious contents and categorize hidden services.

Prognosis By Cancer Type and Incidence of Zoledronic Acid-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: A Single-Center Retrospective Study

Purpose Survival time after bisphosphonate use has been increasingly recognized to be associated with the incidence of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ); however, this has not been elucidated sufficiently in the literature. This study aimed to clarify the incidence of MRONJ and the corresponding survival rate of patients treated with zoledronic acid (ZA) for each type of cancer and obtain useful information for the oral management of cancer. Methods We evaluated 988 patients who were administered ZA at our hospital; among them, 862 patients with metastatic bone tumors or myeloma were included. Results The median survival time (MST) after ZA initiation was 35, 34, 8, 41, 12, and 6 months for patients with breast, prostrate, lung, myeloma, renal, and other cancers, respectively. Patients with cancers that had a short survival time (lung and other cancers [MST = 8 and 6 months, respectively] and cancers with MST < 10 months) did not develop MRONJ; this could be attributed to the shorter duration of ZA administration. The cumulative incidence of MRONJ in breast cancer, prostate cancer, and multiple myeloma was related to the frequency of anti-resorptive drug use and the increased risk over time. In renal cancer, the cumulative incidence of MRONJ increased early, although the MST was 12 months. Conclusion For the dentists in charge of dental management, it is essential to be aware of prognosis-related factors, predict MRONJ risk for each cancer treatment, and use risk prediction in dental management planning, particularly for cancers with non-poor prognosis.

Enhanced cellular engraftment of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell spheroids by using nanosheets as scaffolds

The short survival time of transplanted adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) is a problem for skin wound healing. Transplantation after the formation of cellular spheroids has been investigated as a promising method for prolonging cellular survival. However, there have been technical restrictions for transplantation of spheroids in clinical practice. Here, we show an effective method for transplantation of ASC spheroids onto skin wounds in order to efficiently cure refractory ulcers. To assist anchoring of spheroids onto skin wounds, we used a 120-nm-thick free-standing film (nanosheet) that has a highly adhesive property. Bioluminescence imaging showed that ASC spheroids carried by the nanosheet survived for 14 days, which is about two-times longer than that previously reported. Wounds treated with a nanosheet carrying ASC spheroids were 4-times smaller than untreated wounds on day 14. This method for transplantation of spheroids could be applied to cell therapy for various refractory skin wounds.

Cytostatic treatment with irinotecan liposomal in a patient with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most common malignant neoplasms with a short survival time and a low cure rate. This neoplasm progresses quickly, it is often diagnosed in the advanced stage, which means that systemic treatment regimens are not sufficiently effective. A case of 65-year-old patient with metastatic pancreatic cancer who underwent sequential chemotherapy with the use of liposomal irinotecan was presented.

Potential Roles of IGF2BP3 in Bladder Cancer

The IGF2BP3 can affect cancer cells through the regulation of m6A. In this study, we combined the RNA sequencing and the RNA methylation sequencing to investigate the role and the mechanism of the IGF2BP3 in bladder cancer.TCGA data showed that the intersection genes of RBP differentially expressed and RBP involved in m6A modification were IGF2BP1 and IGF2BP3, only IGF2BP3 was significantly associated with short survival time (P < 0.01). Then immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR detection showed that IGF2BP3 is highly expressed in bladder cancer (P < 0.05). The T24 knockout IGF2BP3 cell line was successfully constructed, with cell proliferation decreased and the apoptosis increased (P < 0.05). RNA sequencing results of clinical bladder tissue from 53 cases showed that the expression of IGF2BP3 samples were associated with the high levels of proliferation-related genes. The analysis of combined RNA and M6a level showed the differential genes related to cell growth and proliferation: SPHK1, POMT2, MRPS18a in T24 and T24-KO. Our study suggests that the IGF2BP3 is highly expressed in bladder cancer and related to tumor metastasis and invasion, the IGF2BP3 expression is related to cell proliferation genes, which affects the growth, proliferation, and apoptosis of T24 cells, and SpHK1, POMT2, and MRPS18a may be potential targets of IGF2BP3.

The Emerging Landscapes to Drug Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer

: Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDA) is a highly metastatic tumor, and the liver is the first target, which restricts the use of medications. PDA is considered one of the most aggressive types of cancer in the world, with extremely short survival time, depending on the stage of diagnosis. In non-surgical cases, chemotherapy alternatives are only effective in 40% to 60% of patients. The low efficiency of treatments occurs mainly due to the complex microenvironment in PDA leading to chemoresistance to treatments and makes it difficult to access the drug. A very important histological characteristic of PDA is the extremely dense stroma, which leads to low vascularization of tumor tissue. Consequently, stroma environment causes less drug accumulation in tumor cells, even selective and/or targeted drugs. Overcoming the stroma's microenvironment is a major challenge for effective therapies that manage to get through this difficult access. Moreover, specific genes lead to direct chemoresistance of PDA, due to their high progression. In this scenario, nanotechnology appears as an alternative to overcome these clinical challenges that must be overcome concern two distinct ways: the stroma and the tumor properly. Thus, this review aimed to bring advances in the application of nanotechnology aiming to open up new landscapes against PDA. There are a huge number of nanoparticles carrying drugs in preclinical and clinical trials for the effective treatment of PDA. These works were discussed and it was proposed, based on the current scenario, the future prospects for an efficient treatment of PDA.

Molecular Characterization of AEBP1 at Transcriptional Level in Glioma

Background: Glioma is the most common malignant tumor of brain in adult patients. The standardized treatment protocol was based on surgical therapy, supplemented with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, the prognosis was still unsatisfied. The chemoresistance is one of the most important reason for the poor prognosis of glioma patients. It has confirmed that glioma stem cell (GSC) are one of the reasons for chemoresistance.Methods: In this study three datasets (GSE23806, COSMIC, TCGA) was used to perform the analysis to search for the key genes related to GSC, temozolomide (TMZ) resistance and prognosis. The key gene for further research was selected by reviewing the previous studies. The selected gene was investigated the relation between expression levels and clinical characteristics in both TCGA and CGGA dataset. The bioinformatics analysis was performed by Gene ontology (GO) analysis. The survival analysis was performed by Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Results: AE binding protein 1 (AEBP1) was selected for further analysis. AEBP1 was overexpressed in GSCs and TMZ resistance cells. In both TCGA and CGGA dataset, the results showed that the expression level of AEBP1 was increased in glioblastoma (GBM) samples, IDH wild-type samples and MGMT promoter unmethylated samples. Meanwhile, AEBP1 expression was positive related with several GSC markers. GO analysis showed that AEBP1 were related with immune response, cell adhesion, apoptotic process, inflammatory response, positive regulation of cell proliferation, angiogenesis, response to drug and response to hypoxia. The survival analysis showed that the overexpressed level of AEBP1 was correlated with short survival time in both glioma and GBM patients. Conclusion: In summary, AEBP1 was related with GSC induced TMZ resistance. Our study showed that AEBP1 might be an oncogene and a new effective therapeutic target for the treatment of glioma.