Integrating Unmanned Aircraft Systems into Alaskan Oil Spill Response–Applied Case Studies and Operational Protocols

ABSTRACT> (PS1-02) Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) have a high potential value to support oil spill response activities due to their capabilities to provide real-time situational awareness. A variety of UAS are available to support response activities, and determining the precise aircraft, sensor payload and flight patterns will depend on the operational need for surveillance. In support of UAS integration into America's airspace, the FAA has defined general protocols for the commercial use of small UAS (less than 55 lbs. total take-off weight) in 14 CFR Part 107. However, these regulations do not address any other concerns associated with flight of these small aircraft, such as shared operational airspace within a temporary flight restriction area, or regulations for flight over animals that fall under state or federal management. To address this lack of policy, a UAS protocol for flights of small UAS during oil spill response activities was developed and integrated into a series of tabletop oil spill exercises conducted in Alaska during 2018. The UAS protocol was vetted with state and federal agencies responsible for wildlife management both on and offshore, was modified for execution in remote as well as urban locations, and has been integrated into Area Contingency Plans in Alaska. This presentation will highlight the operational components of the UAS operational protocol, as well as the challenges, both perceived and actual, to UAS integration into the incident management structure of an oil spill response.

The History of Offshore Aquaculture in the Gulf of Mexico

Aquaculture is a growing industry in Florida, and there is particular interest in offshore marine aquaculture. While inland and coastal aquaculture (like for shellfish or ornamental fish) is managed by the Florida state agency Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (FDACS), offshore aquaculture also involves federal management agencies. However, there has been some confusion and disagreement about which federal agencies will manage and make decisions about offshore aquaculture in the United States. This document describes a recent history and current state of that discussion. This information is important for potential aquaculturists and other stakeholders to understand, and should also provide guidance to management and outreach agencies seeking to inform stakeholders about offshore aquaculture.

SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT: CONSTRUCTION FACTOR (REFLECTIONS ON THE BOOK BY V.O. BETIN «CONSTRUCTION AND ECONOMIC COMPLEX — THE LOCOMOTIVE OF DEVELOPMENT OF TERRITORIAL SYSTEMS»)

The article is a review of the book indicated in the title. The reviewer believes that, being a high-class educational and professional publication made in the format of an innovative educational module, it can also claim the status of a scientific and monographic publication. According to the final forecast conclusion of the reviewer, the book will be interesting and useful for a wide range of readers: specialists in the field of theory of state (Federal and sub-Federal) management, and the corresponding categories of managers-practitioners who train and are trained in specialized and other institutions of General and higher professional education.

Ecotourisme et aires protégées: L’histoire, un potentiel latent pour le complexe OKM (Togo, Afrique)

In Mexico, there are 194 archaeological zones open to the public under the custody of the National Institute for Anthropology and History. However, there are also many other sites that operate outside the federal management model and the current legal framework. These are called “limbos” here and are clas‑ sified by who administers them and the land ownership regime. Through the review of three cases spread over Mexico, a first approximation of their key problems and shared dynamics is offered that factors in legal, bureaucratic and socioeconomic aspects that underlie the unauthorized use of archaeological heritage. It is concluded that they are “in limbo “mainly due to ambiguities in the legislation and loopholes that have been exploited by stakeholders to allow them to use of these ruins as a tourist attraction.

Jahrbuch des Föderalismus 2021

The 22nd volume of the yearbook is designed as a broad compendium providing a current overview of various aspects of federal and regional polity, politics and policies. The total of 32 articles relate to following sections: Twelve articles on the main topic, federal management of the COVID-19 pandemic (i.a. Minister of Health Jens Spahn). Three articles deal with current issues of federalism research (i.a. on the pandemic’s impact on federalist theory and fiscal federalism). Five articles focus on German federalism (i.a. on the German EU-Presidency). Five European country reports (i.a. Russia, Spain and UK). Three articles deal with regional and local cooperation in Europe (i.a. on the closure of EU-borders in 2020/2021). Two articles on the European Union/European Integration (i.a. on the COVID-19 budget package).

State and Prospects of Ethical Codes of Civil Servants in Siberian Federal District as a Factor of Increasing Efficiency of Regional and Federal Administration

The research featured the Ethical Codes of state civil servants, which are to improve the efficiency of regional and federal management. The research objective was to analyze the content, problems, and prospects of Ethical Codes of civil servants as a factor in improving the efficiency of regional and federal management. The study was based on a comparative analysis and a sample method. The article considers the Ethical Codes introduced in several Siberian districts and their impact on the managerial and political practice. The Codes were an attempt of Siberian authorities to raise the prestige of public service in the local society with its complex economic and political processes. The authors conducted an expert survey, which suggests that the Ethical Codes adopted in the Siberian districts failed to improve the regional management. Therefore, the Federal Code of Ethics is necessary.

Identifying spinner dolphin Stenella longirostris longirostris movement and behavioral patterns to inform conservation strategies in Maui Nui, Hawai‘i

Spinner dolphins Stenella longirostris longirostris in Hawai‘i exhibit a predictable diurnal behavioral pattern which makes them vulnerable to human disturbance: feeding at night in offshore waters and resting during daytime in bays. There is concern that human activity, such as swimming with and viewing wild dolphins from vessels, is altering their natural behavioral patterns and preventing them from having adequate rest. In light of this, state and federal management agencies are proposing enhanced protection measures. Research on spinner dolphins has largely focused off Hawai‘i Island and there are insufficient data from Maui Nui (Maui, Lāna‘i, Kaho‘olawe, and Moloka‘i) to inform appropriate management measures for the genetically distinct stock that resides around these islands. Using location data from 316 encounters between 1996 and 2019, we identified 2 hotspots for spinner dolphins within the region, located along west Maui and south Lāna‘i. The predominant behavior observed was traveling, and there was little resting behavior documented throughout the study period, with no resting behavior observed along the coastline of Maui. Our findings revealed that spinner dolphins use a wide variety of available habitat in Maui Nui and were observed resting both near the shore of Lāna‘i and in the channels between islands. Based upon these findings, the proposed lone area for closure in south Maui is inadequate for providing protection to spinner dolphins during resting hours, and we propose that the identified hotspots be considered as additional sites for closures, in addition to an approach limit for vessels transiting Maui Nui.

THE ACTIVITY OF THE HIGHER OFFICIALS OF SUBJECTS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN THE SYSTEM OF STRATEGIC PLANNING

Sustainable and balanced socio-economic development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation cannot be carried out without planned management. However, the introduction of strategic planning systems faces a number of problems, the most important of which can be considered the shortcomings of goal-setting and forecasting of the socio-economic situation at the regional level, which has so far received insufficient attention. Orientation in the subjects of the Federation only on national goals without the possibility of using Federal management tools reduces the effectiveness of public authorities, does not allow to sufficiently take into account the specifics of regional development and social needs of the population. The analysis shows the possibility of applying the sustainable development Goals up to 2030, developed and recommended by the United Nations in 2015, which correlate with the indicators of assessing the effectiveness of senior officials of the subjects of the Federation established by the decree of the President of Russia. No less important is the problem of ensuring the implementation of strategic plans. The choice of approaches, tools and mechanisms for the implementation of strategies, programs and projects of regional development should be carried out in the context of the development of strategic planning practices, to improve the efficiency of public administration on the basis of the project approach, the expansion of the use of public-private partnership, the promotion of small and medium-sized businesses.