Methodological substantiation of the spheral approach to the training of specialists in the social sphere

The activities of specialists in the social sphere are aimed at creating conditions for the successful development of society as a whole and the welfare and prosperity of each of its members. At the same time, the quality of training of such specialists does not always correlate with the expected results. The reason for this discrepancy lies in the absence of a clearly expressed methodological strategy for training specialists in the social sphere. This article is devoted to the substantiation of the spheral approach to the training of specialists in the social sphere, which serves as a kind of methodological guideline, since the social sphere itself is a kind of springboard that launches this process. The study confirmed the assumption of the spheral approach as a global strategy, following which it is possible to predict with a certain accuracy the results aimed at transforming both the social sphere itself and the social institutions that make up it.

The declining state: Aristotle teachings and post-Soviet reality

The substantive aspects of modern post-Soviet statehood are analyzed on the basis of the traditional methodological guideline, called the elemental approach (Aristotle, Jellinek), which presupposes the allocation of key state-forming features. The Aristotle concept of rejected state is actively applied. For the purpose of a deeper illustration of the so-called deviating moments in the post-Soviet states, metaphorical comparisons are used, such as imitation state, alienated state, selective state and others. Deviating patterns are described through weak systemic strategic planning and the lack of relevant scientific concepts, including in emergency situations, as well as insufficient supremacy of judiciary, plevalence of unitaty tendencies and others. The author's argumentation is supported by data published in various official sources (statistics, results of special sociological studies, current Russian legislation, reports, expert opinions, etc.). The article is intended for specialists in the field of the theory of state and law, political science, sociology, etc. It will be of interest to postgraduate students, state and municipal employees.

Modern Principles of Managing Children with Food Allergies

The article presents modern data on the epidemiology, etiology and clinical manifestations of food allergies in children. Evidence-based approaches to diagnosis, including differential, treatment, and prevention of food allergies in children are shown. Patient management tactics and algorithms are presented in detail. The guidelines are based on all available up-to-date data on food allergies. The material is based on the methodological guideline for the management of patients with food allergies previously developed by expert specialists of the Union of Pediatricians of Russia in 2021.

Management of socio-economic systems in Ukraine: European integration paradigm

The theory and methodology of management of socio-economic systems are constantly evolving, reflecting the objective processes of departure from the Soviet, post-Soviet and transitional paradigms of Ukrainian society. The next step is no less complex reform due to the integration of Ukraine into the European economic, social, legal, civilisational space. Today, Ukraine's European integration has become a national idea, a strategic vector of geopolitical development, which is a criterion for the success or failure of reforms in all areas of national economic governance. In this article, we examined the change in the socio-economic paradigm in connection with Ukraine's European integration development priority. We analysed the conditions for forming the European integration paradigm, explored the critical European values and the content of modern management of socio-economic systems. We have described approaches to assessing the effectiveness of socio-economic systems management at the national and regional levels. Considering the directions of European integration processes, we concluded that the European integration paradigm should become a methodological guideline for reforms in the management of socio-economic systems

CATHOLIC VIEW OF THE PROBLEM OF CHURCH UNION IN V.V. ROZANOV’S JOURNALISM

The article retraces the “ecumenical” period of V.V. Rozanov (1856-1919), which came at the time of the late 1890s - early 1900s, outlining the philosopher’s views on Catholicism and the unionist problem. These themes, practically untouched in Russian science, were elaborated in the Catholic works within the walls of the Pontific Oriental Institute in Rome. The author introduces the texts, previously unknown to the national specialists on Rozanov. They manifest the intent to present Rozanov as an apologist of Catholicism. The grasp of meanings of the polemical writing of Rozanov’s journalism becomes an axiological guideline of the article, which otherwise leads to a shift of the accents towards the conclusions desirable for the Catholic side. The methodological guideline remains the correlation of the nature of the evolvement of the study of Rozanov’s heritage with the external revision of the unionist question and the attribution of its results to the “new theism” elaborated by the thinker. The author finds the omission of the Catholic side in ignoring the historiosofical constant of Rozanovian thought, in the light of which, the absence of a solution to the unionist problem in the frame of the current cultural paradigm becomes a surety of a different comprehension of the Universal Church.

A Chemical Approach to Overcome Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Resistance: Learning from Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Background: The possibilities of treatment for oncological diseases are growing enormously in the last decades. Unfortunately, these developments have led to the onset of resistances with regards to the new treatments. This is particularly true if we face with the therapeutic field of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs). This review gives an overview of possible TKI resistances that can occur during the treatment of an oncologic diesease and available strategies that can be adopted, taking cues from a successful example such as CML. Methods: We performed a literature search for peer-reviewed articles using different databases, such as PubMed and Scopus, and exploiting different keywords and different logical operators. Results: 68 papers were included in the review. Twenty-four papers give an overview of the causes of TKIs resistances in the wide oncologic field. The remaining papers deal CML, deeply analysing the TKIs Resistances present in this pathology and the strategies adopted to overcome them. Conclusion: The aim of this review is to furnish an overview and a methodological guideline for the approach and the overcoming of TKIs Resistances.

The poem as a whole: translating Chris Mccully’s Icarus and Houses

This article presents translations from English into Spanish for Icarus and Houses, two poems from Chris McCully’s Selected Poems (2011), along with a critical commentary. I discuss the controversial topic of poetic translation and some of the most relevant theoretical issues related to it, including the dichotomy of originality and equivalence, the usefulness of framing the endeavour within the principle of equivalence effect, the importance of treating the poem as an organic whole, and the benefit of considering different forms of intertextuality during the translation process. Using Robert Bly’s Eight stages of Translation (1982) as a methodological guideline, I discuss some of the decisions that led to the final Spanish version of the poems. I conclude that translation, even beyond poetry, should be framed as a creative act rather than a passive rendering of what has already been said.

Orthographic Literacy as Methodological Guideline for Orthographic Standardization

This paper discusses the impact of orthographic manuals on the state of literacy, i.e. the relation of orthographic literacy and orthographic standardisation. The established hypothesis claims that frequent changes of orthographic rules during the pupils’ primary and secondary education do not have any considerable impact on their orthographic habits. In other words, the quantity of orthographic mistakes observed during a longer period of time and in conditions of changed orthographic rules would not show significant oscillations in their spelling. In order to confirm the hypothesis, a questionnaire was conducted encompassing 41 tests among 526 students of a technical study programme during four consecutive academic years, pursuant to whose results a writing uniformity index and a categorisation of orthographic controversy into six classes is established. The Croatian language has been selected for the observation due to multiple orthographic changes in the last 30 years in the three major orthographic points: writing of the covered r, writing of d and t in front of c and č in declination of words ending in -tak, -tac, -dak and -dac, and the issue of compound or separate spelling of the negation particle and the auxiliary biti (to be). Moreover, the paper methodologically and quantitatively establishes criteria according to which the second established hypothesis on evolutionary orthographic literacy can be confirmed. The conclusions are expected to be able to contribute to the better understanding of orthographic planning and application of orthographic norms in schools.