«Сказание о Гесере-богдо» в записи от Дорджиева Шарлда Дорджиевича, 1893 г. р.: общая характеристика, текст, комментарий

Introduction. This paper introduces the authentic text of ”Gesr bogdyn tusk tuuji” (The Saga of Geser-bogdo) for the academic community. It was written down in Malye Derbety, Maloderbety raion, Kalmyk ASSR in 1982 by the present author; its performer was Sharlda Dordzhievich Dordzhiev (1893–1984), Baga khurul shabiner, uimguilmyd. The original text is supplemented by Russian translation made by the author of the publication and a short biography of the performer. Also, the article includes a brief description of the sample, focusing on the specifics of recording and of keeping the field notes. The article aims at introducing new material, such as the authentic text ”The Saga of Geser-bogdo”, its Russian translation, and the performer’s biographical data. Data and methods. The research is based on the manuscript from the author’s private archive; the Kalmyk text of eleven pages is written down on paper (A4, yellow paper). There are also additional materials, such as the interviews with Dordzhiev’s relatives and villagers. Results. ”The Saga of Geser-bogdo” is devoted to an interesting story of Geser-bogdo’s mission, i. e. the protagonist’s efforts to free the Earth (Middle World) from cold, as well as demons personified as Andzhlula and his wife. The narrative is based on two microstories: i) an unsuccessful attempt to getrid of cold on the Earth with the help of Khurmusta Tengri and ii) the victory over Andzhlula and his wife with the help of Sandzhi, the protagonist’s brother from heavens. The analysis shows that, in terms of its structure and content, ”The Saga of Geser-bogdo” includes a number of important segments, which are parallel to other Geser’s epic narratives. The manuscript is of relevance for studies of the Kalmyk oral tradition of Geser sagas. Conclusions. ”The Saga of Geser-bogdo”, performed by Dordzhiev in 1982, indicates that oral retellings of Geser sagas were widely circulated in Kalmykia. Also, the data pertaining to the storyteller’s life and art shows the popularity of the epic narratives in the Kalmyk milieu at the time the recording was made (late 20th c.). The epic sample maybe of interest to folklorists and epic scholars for their comparative and textological studies, as well as for the studies of storytelling tradition and of the linguistic aspect of popular oral art.

Methods for selecting authentic texts in accordance with the language level of students while teaching German

Today our main goal is to use authentic texts, including the study of the peculiarities of intercultural communication in the environment of communicative teaching of foreign languages. Authentic text reflects the use of natural language. It should be noted that the teaching of authentic texts in teaching a foreign language should be determined by the language level of the students. The selection criteria for authentic texts in German differ depending on the language level of the students. Key words: authentic texts, intercultural communication, communicative learning

VAYAHSTHAPANA DASHAKAYA - A REVIEW

Vayahsthapana Dashakaya is a medicinal group including herbal plants and organic minerals mentioned in Ayur- veda authentic text Charaka Samhita. Amruta, Abhaya, Dhatri, Mukta, Shveta, Jivanti, Atirasa, Mandukaparni, Sthira, and Punarnava are the ten ingredients of Vayahsthapana Dashakaya. The majority of these ingredients contain Rasayana action which is beneficial in anti-ageing treatment. Through Rasayana treatment, which is also known as a promotive treatment, one can attain effects including longevity, youthful age, excellent lustre, and complexion. This study was focused to analyze the Pharmacodynamic, Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacological potentials of Vayahsthapana Dashakaya and their action in anti-ageing treatment. The contents were collected from authentic Ayurveda texts, monographs, dictionaries, websites, and research articles. Results of the study re- vealed that 80% possibility of Deepana action, Rasayana action (70%), Balya (50%), Medhya (50%), Hridya (40%), Vrushya (20%), and Brunhana (20%) were present as prominent actions of Vayahsthapana dashakaya which are beneficial in delaying the ageing process and its ill effects. Keywords: Ayurveda, Rasayana, Vayahsthapana Dashakaya, Anti-ageing,

On teaching sight translation as a specific type of professional activity in professional communication sphere

The given article is devoted to the analysis of modern linguists and interpreters view on the classification of translation types on the whole, and the definition of sight translation as a specific type of professional activity in particular. Universal and specific characteristics of the sight translation with other types of interpretation are revealed. Special problems of authentic text translation, their reasons and the ways of their solving are considered. Complicated (minus) and facilitated (plus) factors performing sight translation are highlighted. The necessary skills for the students to perform visual-oral translation are determined. The authors present two types of sight translation: the training sight translation and the professional one, thus enabling to consider sight translation as a specific professional activity. Sight translation algorithm of actions is considered in the article: familiarization with the text, its «pre-translation analysis» with type, genre, stylistic features, topic identification and the further work on the translation-text creation. Additional sources of information are indicated in order to provide «background knowledge» about the authentic text, they are dictionaries, encyclopedias, instructions, various reference books and manuals. It is recommended to create a terminology dictionary for students’ specialties that help to overcome the lexical barrier and master the particular specialty vocabulary.

The Marriage Allegation No. 17: Text and Fate (Dostoevsky’s Wedding in Kuznetsk on February 6, 1857)

The article introduces for the first time the authentic text of the marriage allegation, compiled by the clergy of the Holy Mother of God-Odigitrievsky Church in the city of Kuznetsk in preparation for the wedding of Fedor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky and Maria Dmitrievna Isaeva on February 6, 1857. The original of this document has not been preserved, as it probably burned down during a fire that occurred in the Kuznetsk Church in December 1919. In the biographical literature, the text of the marriage allegation, which dates back to a handwritten copy made around 1916 by the priest of the Odigitrievsky Church, Nikolai Rudichev, is preserved and now stored in the Memorial House of F. M. Dostoevsky in Semey (Semipalatinsk until 2007). In 1916, it was published with a number of inaccuracies by the priest and local historian B. G. Gerasimov in the now-missing publication “Siberian chronicle.” In this article, the marriage search is reproduced from a photocopy of the lost original, which was made in 1910 and is now stored in the Literary and Memorial Museum of F. M. Dostoevsky in St. Petersburg. The signature autograph of the writer under the text of the marriage allegation makes it an official personal document, which warrants the inclusion of the marriage allegation in the main body of the Academic Complete Works of the writer, in the “Official letters and business papers” section. A significant part of the article contains the polemic with the hypothesis of Siberian local historians M. M. Kushnikova and V. V. Togulev, who believe that the said marriage allegation was removed from the Church archives and destroyed before the fire of 1919. They believe that it was done in order to hide the forgery contained in its text, which makes Dostoevsky’s first marriage illegitimate. While agreeing that the document really did contain forgery, the author of the article relies on the then-contemporary legislation in proving that the conclusion about the illegality of the writer’s marriage is a great exaggeration, and the hypothesis about the seizure and destruction of the marriage allegation has no serious grounds.

BASE FORM OF LEXICAL VERBS IN COOKING ARTICLES AND HOW THE HOSPITALITY STUDENTS ARE FAMILIAR WITH THEM

The present study aims to draw up the list of base form of lexical verbs in selected cooking articles and to know whether the fourth semester students majoring in Hospitality have already been familiar with them or not. AntConc, a corpus software, is used to identify the most common verbs in 50 cooking articles taken from Wiki How Web and the quistionnaire were distributed to all the students to give assessment based on the scaling rate provided related to each verbs found in the corpus data. Based on the data analysis, the result showed that from 394 base form of lexical verbs found, there are 174 words got the rating below 5 meaning that the students have ever seen or heard the words but the meanings are vague.It indicates that although the students are in hospitality major, it does not guarantee that they have already known the essential verbs usually used in authentic text. Keywords: Base form of Lexical Verbs, Cooking, Corpus Based Study

Development of Text Review Assessment Model Using Authentic Assessment in 11th Grade Students of Senior High School Negeri 1 Dolok Batunanggar, Simalungun Regency

This study aims to analyze the development of a review text assessment model with authentic assessment in 11th grade students of Senior high school 1 Dolok Batunanggar Simalungun Regency. The subjects of this study were 11th grade students of Senior high school Negeri 1 Dolok Batunanggar, Simalungun Regency, and product validator experts totaling 4 people who had criteria as Indonesian Language material experts and assessment experts, namely authentic assessment. The results of this study indicate that the effectiveness of the authentic text assessment instrument review text obtained an average of 80.97%. The lowest student score is 70 and the highest is 98. This shows that student learning outcomes are better when compared to without the teacher using an authentic text review assessment tool. Based on the average value of students' posttest data it can be concluded that the ability of students has increased significantly high and reached KKM (72) as expected. It was concluded that the authentic assessment text review instrument developed was effectively used in learning.