scholarly journals On teaching sight translation as a specific type of professional activity in professional communication sphere

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (121) ◽  
pp. 42-49
Author(s):  
Vladimir N. Babayan ◽  
◽  
Oksana Y. Bogdanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Background Knowledge ◽  
Professional Communication ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Topic Identification ◽  
Translation Analysis ◽  
Authentic Text ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Given

The given article is devoted to the analysis of modern linguists and interpreters view on the classification of translation types on the whole, and the definition of sight translation as a specific type of professional activity in particular. Universal and specific characteristics of the sight translation with other types of interpretation are revealed. Special problems of authentic text translation, their reasons and the ways of their solving are considered. Complicated (minus) and facilitated (plus) factors performing sight translation are highlighted. The necessary skills for the students to perform visual-oral translation are determined. The authors present two types of sight translation: the training sight translation and the professional one, thus enabling to consider sight translation as a specific professional activity. Sight translation algorithm of actions is considered in the article: familiarization with the text, its «pre-translation analysis» with type, genre, stylistic features, topic identification and the further work on the translation-text creation. Additional sources of information are indicated in order to provide «background knowledge» about the authentic text, they are dictionaries, encyclopedias, instructions, various reference books and manuals. It is recommended to create a terminology dictionary for students’ specialties that help to overcome the lexical barrier and master the particular specialty vocabulary.

scholarly journals Formalized Hierarchically Nested Expert System for Classification of Mesic and Wet Grasslands in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zygmunt Kącki ◽  
Grzegorz Swacha ◽  
Attila Lengyel ◽  
Joanna Korzeniak
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Hierarchical Level ◽  
Formal Definitions ◽  
Wet Grasslands ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Given ◽  
Vegetation Patches

The goal of this study was to propose a hierarchically nested classification system comprising four principal levels of the Braun-Blanquet system for Polish grasslands of the class <em>Molinio-Arrhenatheretea</em>. Using the Cocktail method, we defined consistent criteria for delimitation of the class, three orders, nine alliances, and 45 associations. Formal definitions were prepared using the summed cover and presence/absence information of species groups and individual dominant species. We created an expert system with a set of assignment rules that unambiguously classify relevés to a single unit at the given abstraction level of the Braun-Blanquet system in such a way that a relevé matched by the definition of a focal vegetation unit must be matched by definitions of all superior units. Of 11,535 relevés classified to <em>Molinio-Arrhenatheretea</em>, 36% were recognized at the association level, and 57% and 85% at the alliance and order level, respectively. All relevés were assigned unambiguously, meaning that a single relevé could not be assigned to more than one unit within the same hierarchical level (no overlap between vegetation units). This study is the first proposal of a hierarchically nested classification system that classifies grassland vegetation at different syntaxonomical levels unequivocally. It is important to create definitions for different syntaxonomical levels because the majority of vegetation patches do not fit to the associations, but can only be assigned to high-rank units such as alliance, order, or class.

scholarly journals Systemogenetic approach to the analysis of a professional’s career goals

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (120) ◽  
pp. 118-126
Author(s):  
Yuri P. Povaryonkov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Goal Setting ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Career Goal ◽  
Professional Career ◽  
Functional Connections ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Psychological Analysis ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Information Basis

The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the psychological structure of career goal-setting (goal-setting) as a type of metaprofessional activity of the subject of career development and professionalization in general. The psychological analysis of the structure of goal formation is carried out from the standpoint of the basic principles of the systemic genetic approach developed in the works of V. D. Shadrikov. The article provides a psychological definition of the concept of «professional career» from the standpoint of the activity approach. It is shown that a career as a type of meta-professional activity includes the design (orientation) stage and the implementation (execution) stage. Within the framework of the first stage, the motives, goal and plan of a professional career are designed and determined, the implementation of which is carried out at the second stage. The author gives a detailed definition of the concept of a professional's career. It has been established that in the course of career design, the leading role is assigned to the formation of a career goal, which unfolds in the form of goal-setting (goal-setting). The article defines the concept of career goal-setting, highlights its structural components, discloses their psychological content and structural – functional connections. Based on the classification of A. I. Prigogine, the author reveals the specifics of career goal-setting motivation, the analysis of which makes it possible to determine the reasons prompting a professional to design specific goals and sub-goals of his own career. The article defines the concept of the information basis of career goal-setting. It is considered as a systemic complex of information about objective and subjective factors that must be taken into account in the process of career goal-setting. they affect his success. The article concretizes the concepts of goal and career goal-setting plan, clarifies the specifics of such a component of this type of activity as «decision-making». Theconcept of career important qualities of a professional is defined as a subsystem of career goal-setting, prospects for its psychological analysis are outlined.

Stalking: Classification and Typology

Stalking ◽  
2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debra A. Pinals
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Classification Schemes ◽  
Treatment Considerations ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Given

Stalking, as currently conceptualized, is a complex phenomenon, and individual stalking cases can be quite distinct. Several authors have proposed classification schemes in an effort to discern and understand common themes among cases of stalking. These stalking “typologies” reflect both theoretical considerations and empirical examinations of persons whose behaviors have shaped the definition of stalking. Typologies have been constructed from clinical and law enforcement perspectives. Classification schemes to date have been broadly based on factors such as the motivation of the stalker, psychiatric symptoms among stalkers, the nature of the relationship between the pursuer and the victim, victim characteristics, and harm to the victim. These classifications have been conceptualized to assist with risk assessment, risk management, and treatment considerations in stalking cases. This chapter describes some historical underpinnings of classification categories, compares existing typologies of stalkers, and explicates the typological scheme adopted throughout this book. Over the last 15 years, stalking has become increasingly recognized as a distinctive form of potentially criminal behavior that may come to the attention of mental health professionals. At the same time that the criminal justice system has grappled with defining stalking for legal purposes, clinicians who encounter stalking behavior have attempted to create useful classifications of stalking behaviors. Attempts have also been made to develop taxonomies of stalking types that might guide law enforcement professionals. Taxonomic classifications are common in science and, when they are successful, they help us organize and identify unique aspects of information and refine our understanding of the given phenomenon under study. Setting up a system of classification of stalking, a behavior that is difficult to define and codify, has several advantages. Once established, a useful taxonomy of stalkers could improve communication among professionals and could help them better appreciate aspects of stalking, including the natural course of the behavior and prognosis of particular stalkers. In addition, taxonomic categorization can facilitate case comparisons and improve clinicians’ abilities to assess risks, manage risks, and provide treatment. Stalking typologies may also enlighten decisions about social policy and legal regulation related to the phenomenon.

Types of Political Discourses and Their Classification

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Givi AMAGHLOBELI
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Discourse ◽  
General Definition ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mental Picture ◽  
Political Discourses ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Given

The aim of the given work is to identify and classify the types of political discourses that (may) exist in any particular society. Compared to existing definitions and classifications, our purpose serves a practical goal of schematic classification of political discourses. The article intends to give a starting point for a general classification and typology that will be elaborated within the framework of future research, as typology of discourse specimens is the least developed area of the field (van Dijk, 1997). Definitions/typologies that have been made until now are more of a theoretical character and, therefore, it would be useful to create more concrete mental pictures (expressed in the forms of schemata) that will enable us to operate easier with the concepts discussed while studying the subject. The article starts with the general definition of the term(s) and links the concept of discourse to other concepts like narrative, frame, ideology, discursive strategy. As we try to show the ideology/narrative/discourse link, formulation of corresponding schemes also gain importance in order to have a clearer mental picture of the above mentioned correlation. In parallel with the above mentioned points we also emphasize correlation between the dominant / secondary discourses with specific focus on ideological differences/power struggle. 

Criminal Law Analysis of Iatrogenic Crimes and Practice of Applying the Norms of Criminal Law, Providing Responsibility for their Commission

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-61
Author(s):  
R. B. Ivanchenko ◽  
◽  
V. A. Zaryaev
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Medical Errors ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right

Introduction. Caring for the health of citizens is the most important task of any state, and the article 41 of the Constitution of Russia directly establishes the right of everyone to protection of health and medical care. Despite the noble and humane mission that medical workers are called upon to carry out, helping people and saving their lives, the problem of medical errors (iatrogenic) leading to tragic consequences has clearly indicated its presence recently. The high public danger of such phenomena causes the need for their criminal law assessment. The problems that arise in this case are connected, first of all, with a diverse understanding of the essence of medical errors and iatrogenic crimes, the lack of uniformity in the application of the criminal law establishing liability for their commission. Theoretical Basis. Methods. The article is based on the analysis of Russian and foreign criminal, administrative, civil legislation, court sentences and decisions, scientific publications in Russian and foreign publications. In addition, expert opinions, doctrinal ideas and opinions on the topics of this work were used. In the process of preparing the article, a number of general scientific and private scientific research methods were used. Results. The article discusses issues related to the specifics of the criminal law assessment of acts committed by medical workers in the process of professional activity. The positions of specialists are given regarding the definition of this specific group of crimes, the author’s vision is formulated on the classification of specific socially dangerous acts as “iatrogenic”. The current legislation in the field of health care is examined, which makes it possible to concretize the terminology used in the articles of the Russian Criminal Code providing liability for iatrogenic crimes. The judicial-investigative practice of applying the indicated norms of the criminal law is analyzed, the problems of qualification of such acts are revealed. Discussion and Conclusion. In conclusion, the authors differentiate such concepts as “medical error”, “accident”, “iatrogenic crime”, determine that the deliberate commission of an iatrogenic crime should be assessed either according to the rules on the circumstances that exclude the criminal act, or as a general criminal act; designate a circle of crimes defined as “iatrogenic”; come to the conclusion that the solution to the problem of counteraction to iatrogenic crimes cannot be associated with the intensification or expansion of criminal repression.

ДЕОНТОЛОГІЧНІ ВІДНОСИНИ У ПРОФЕСІЙНІЙ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ МЕДИЧНИХ ПРАЦІВНИКІВ СЕРЕДНЬОЇ ЛАНКИ

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
І. С. Чорновіл
Keyword(s):  
Professional Communication ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Medical Worker ◽  
Communication Medium ◽  
Definition Of

У статті визначено поняття «спілкування», розглянуто його місце і роль у професійній діяльності медичних працівників середньої ланки.Ключові слова: спілкування, професійне спілкування, медичні працівники середньої ланки. The work deals with the definition of communication. The place and dug of professional activity of medium medical worker is analyzed.Key words: communication, professional communication, medium medical worker

LINGUISTIC AND PRAGMATIC ASPECT OF TRANSLATION OF ENGLISH MEDICAL TV-SERIES INTO UKRAINIAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (31) ◽  
pp. 342-359
Author(s):  
Tetiana Savich ◽  
Anna Shapoval ◽  
Olena Velychenko
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Its Sequence ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Translation Analysis ◽  
Pragmatic Aspect ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Definition Of

The research is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the lingvo-pragmatic aspect of translation and is presented on the example of an English-language television series of medical focus called “House, M. D.” and its translation, analysis of various types of transformations, definition of the specifics of the translation and its sequence. The relevance of the topic presented is based on the need for a detailed study of the lexical, grammatical, syntactic, extralinguistic, paralinguistic features of the translation of English-language films. This topic is important for both Ukrainian and foreign translators, because it is necessary to know the basic subtleties and unforeseen situations in the translation process in order to overcome them as best as possible and achieve a highquality and adequate result. Also, the relevance of this topic contributes to the improvement of the level of professional activity of both interpreters and translators. The aim of the study is to evolve the specifics of the use of translation aids and translation operations for adequate reproduction of English-language medical films. The studied type of the text is characterized, certain difficulties in translation are highlighted, the difference between the texts of the English and Ukrainian languages from a grammatical point of view, lexical inequality are noted, various ways of revealing emotionality and expressiveness as an auxiliary tool of human communication are noted. The expediency of using translation transformations has been determined and the most common of them are quantitatively presented.

scholarly journals PEDAGOGICAL SYSTEM OF PROFESSIONAL AND COMMUNICATION COMPETENCE OF TOURISM PROFESSIONALS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (192) ◽  
pp. 166-170
Author(s):  
Oksana Honcharova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Training ◽  
Communicative Competence ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Primary Component ◽  
Professional Communication ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Tourism Professionals ◽  
Communication Ability ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
State Language

The article deals with the essence of the concept Ц «pedagogical system of formation of professional and communicative competence of tourism specialists». It is shown that professional communication is a necessary and primary component in the professional activity of tourism professionals. This necessitates the strengthening of the communicative component of professional training of future specialists in this field, which involves the modernization of the pedagogical system of professional and communicative competence (goals, principles, content, methods and forms of educational activities). Therefore, among the qualities of a graduate of a higher education institution, outlined in the educational and qualification characteristics of a bachelor in the field of «Tourism», are such as: ability to interact effectively in educational, professional and other activities, business ethics communication, ability to communicate at a high cultural level in the state language and at least one of the foreign languages, clearly and logically express their thoughts and beliefs, the ability to choose the most appropriate means of communication, demonstrate the culture of speech, work in a team and more. The purpose of the article is to develop a pedagogical system for the formation of professional and communicative competence of tourism professionals and its elements. Also, a number of concepts that are components of the concept were analyzed, namely: «system», «pedagogical syste» and a pedagogical system of formation of professional and communicative competence (PAC) of tourism professionals was proposed. Analyzing the literature and the interpretations of scientists, we formulated the definition of the elements of the pedagogical system and proposed a pedagogical system for the formation of professional and communicative competence of specialists in the field of tourism.

scholarly journals Development of Speech Culture of Non-Philologist Students in the Course of Examining the Category of Gender in Russian Language

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 5151-5154
Keyword(s):  
Educational Institution ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
National Language ◽  
Professional Communication ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Speech Communication ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Definition Of

The article is devoted to one of the topical issues of modern pedagogical science – to the formation of speech culture of non-philologist students in the course of studying Russian language as state language of the Russian Federation, language of international communication, national language of the Russian people. The main competence formed in the course of studying Russian language is the communicative competence which is aimed at the development of speech activity of the students of non-philologist specialties. According to the opinion of the author of the research, an important indicator of success of the non-philologist specialist in the hi-tech competitive world is acquisition of skills of professional communication, use of the methods of speech influence and conviction. In the given work we investigate the question of grammatical and stylistic norms of the use of the category of noun gender representing the greatest complexity in the oral and written language of non-philologist students. In this regard the purpose of the present work is creation of the lingual-methodical principle of communicative approach which will provide the formation of speech culture of non-philologist students in the higher educational institution when studying the category of gender in Russian; determination of pedagogical technologies of training in order to increase the culture of speech communication of the future experts. The practical importance of the studied problem consists in the improvement of quality of the vocational training of non-philologists students; in the definition of the trajectory of the educational growth of future highly qualified specialist capable to choose language means in professional activity reasonably, to realize the communicative intentions in various situations of communication adequately, to respect the grammatical and stylistic rules of using the category of noun gender.

Development and Evaluation of Fuzzy Criteria for the Diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis

1996 ◽  
Vol 35 (04/05) ◽  
pp. 334-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.-P. Adlassnig ◽  
G. Kolarz ◽  
H. Leitich
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
American Rheumatism Association ◽  
Uniform Definition ◽  
Sensitivity Rate ◽  
Fuzzy Techniques ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Specificity Rate

Abstract:In 1987, the American Rheumatism Association issued a set of criteria for the classification of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to provide a uniform definition of RA patients. Fuzzy set theory and fuzzy logic were used to transform this set of criteria into a diagnostic tool that offers diagnoses at different levels of confidence: a definite level, which was consistent with the original criteria definition, as well as several possible and superdefinite levels. Two fuzzy models and a reference model which provided results at a definite level only were applied to 292 clinical cases from a hospital for rheumatic diseases. At the definite level, all models yielded a sensitivity rate of 72.6% and a specificity rate of 87.0%. Sensitivity and specificity rates at the possible levels ranged from 73.3% to 85.6% and from 83.6% to 87.0%. At the superdefinite levels, sensitivity rates ranged from 39.0% to 63.7% and specificity rates from 90.4% to 95.2%. Fuzzy techniques were helpful to add flexibility to preexisting diagnostic criteria in order to obtain diagnoses at the desired level of confidence.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document