”Stenarna de suttit på / står ännu kvar”

”The stones where they sat / are still there”: Ecocritical Readings of Barbro Lindgren’s Poetry Taking its cue from questions raised in ecocritical theory, this article studies some of the central themes in the poetry of Swedish ALMA laureate Barbro Lindgren: the non-hierarchical attitude towards all that lives and exists; the cycle of life and death that is a fundamental condition of existence for human and non-human animals as well as for trees and plants; and the exploration of scales that often aims to turn away from or overturn the traditional anthropocentric ways of thinking. The article argues that while Lindgren’s poetry can be read and interpreted from many perspectives, ecocriticism offers fruitful insights into her poetic work, with its stress of the anthropocentric versus the ecocentric, and the potential of scale critique. It also argues that Lindgren’s poetical oeuvre as a whole sheds light on her foundational orientation towards life, death and time, and that Lindgren does not differentiate in theme or message when writing for different audiences. The individual’s experience of life as a finite experience is always contrasted by the larger perspective, where life and death are ever-present and perpetual.

SPECYFIKA REGULACJI ADMINISTRACYJNOPRAWNEJ W PRAWIE KONSULARNYM. WYBRANE PROBLEMY USTROJOWE I PROCEDURALNE

The article discusses a significantly modified regulation within administrative law applied in the consular service. There seems to be a need for a voice in the discussion regarding the legal status of a Consul of the Republic of Poland (as well as the other members of the diplomatic corpus) as seen from an administrative law point of view. In the background of two regimes of administrative and consular law, it is also undoubtedly necessary to indicate the basic procedural border problems. A very typical example are the modified administrative procedures provided for diplomacy, with particular emphasis put on the importance of jurisdictional administrative proceedings lead by the consul. The administrative procedure constructed in this way by the legislature differs in many points from the general administrative procedure performed by other Polish authorities. Therefore, to some extent, it can be perceived as a specific administrative consular law. The aim of this article is to signal the typical procedural differences and to point out their sources. “Consular administrative law” can be perceived as a special administrative procedure, which does not constitute part of the general administrative procedure applicable to all national authorities and citizens in Poland, but which still is a sub-branch of Polish consular law which applies to the Polish citizens and foreigners in a specific administrative situations. The existence of so-called “consular administrative law”, however, presupposes one fundamental condition, which is having and maintaining foreign relations in the first place.

Magma chamber decompression during explosive caldera-forming eruption of Aira caldera

Decompression of a magma chamber is a fundamental condition of caldera collapse. Although theoretical models have predicted the decompression of magma chambers before caldera collapse, few previous studies have demonstrated the amount of magma chamber decompression. Here, we determine water content in quartz glass embayments and inclusions from pyroclastic deposits of a caldera-forming eruption at Aira volcano approximately 30,000 years ago and apply this data to calculate decompression inside the magma chamber. We identify a pressure drop from 140–260 MPa to 20–90 MPa during the extraction of around 50 km3 of magma prior to the caldera collapse. The magma extraction may have caused down-sag subsidence at the caldera center before the onset of catastrophic caldera collapse. We propose that this deformation resulted in the fracturing and collapse of the roof rock into the magma chamber, leading to the eruption of massive ignimbrite.

TRANSFORMASI PRINSIP DASAR JAMINAN FIDUSIA PASCA PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI NOMOR 18/PUU-XVII/2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa sejauh mana peran notaris dalam pembuatan perjanjian fidusia, serta menganalisa kepastian hukum dan keadilan dalam pelaksanaan eksekusi obyek jaminan fidusia bagi para pihak pasca putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi nomor 18/PUU-XVII/2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, dan menggunakan data sekunder yang terdiri dari bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif untuk menggambarkan kedudukan notaris dalam pembuatan perjanjian jaminan fidusia serta pemenuhan asas kepastian hukum dan keadilan dalam pelaksanaan eksekusi obyek jaminan fidusia dalam Undang-Undang No 42 Tahun 1999. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa peran notaris dalam pembuataan akta otentk jaminan fidusia dan pembebanan jaminan fidusia menjadi sangat krusial, alasanya, pemahaman dan interprestasi dari negoisasi para pihak harus dituangkan secara benar dan gamblang, khususnya mengenai klausul cidera janji. Pasca putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi a quo, Undang-Undang No 42 Tahun 1999 lebih memperhatikan perlindungan hukum bagi para pihak. Dalam hal pelaksanaan eksekusi, terjadi perubahan mengenai prinsip titel eksekutorial, mengharuskan syarat sukarela pada debitur untuk menyerahkan obyek jaminan.Kata kunci: Jaminan, Eksekusi, Kepastian Hukum, Notaris The purpose of this article aims to analyze the authority of a notary public in making fiduciary deeds, legal protection, and the execution of fiduciary guarantees after the Decision of Constitutional Court number 18/PUU-XVII/2019. This article uses a normative juridical approach, This normative research used secondary data consisting of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The research describes the posisition of notary in making notarial deeds, describe how is the legal protection for the parties in law no 42 of 1999 on fiduciary guarantee, and how to do the execution of fiduciary collateral object. The results of this article show that, the notary do a crucial role in making of a fiduciary guarantee deeds to determine the default contract, and fiduciary law should provide legal certainty and protection for the parties as a fundamental condition to fulfil the basic legal values, then the voluntary of debtor becomes a matter of concern in the execution of collateral fiduciary.Keywords: Collateral, Execution, Legal Certanity, Notary

Uneven worlds of hegemony: towards a discursive ontology of societal multiplicity

The neo-Marxist literature on uneven and combined development has made significant progress towards a comprehensive theory of the international. Its point of departure is societal multiplicity as a fundamental condition of the international. This article identifies an important lacuna in the ontology of multiplicity: there is no discussion of what constitutes a ‘society’, or the basic entity capable of entering a relationship with other entities. Existing solutions, including those relying on relational sociology, gravitate towards ontological individualism. Building on poststructuralist neo-Gramscian theories, I propose to ground the conceptualisation of ‘society’ in the notion of hegemony. This implies a discursive ontology, which attributes the inside/outside dynamic to hegemonic formations rather than states or societies. Coupled with the understanding of hegemony as a scalar phenomenon, this ontology can account for the primacy of the state in modern times, while also enabling a research focus on other types of collectivities.

Melchior Palágyi: Der Gegensatz von Geist und Leben. Schriften zur schöpferischen Verbindung von Erkenntnistheorie und Vitalismus. Edited by Heiko Heublein. München: Albunea Verlag, 2018. 232 pp.

Like no other, the Hungarian psychologist and philosopher Melchior Palágyi recognized the power of imagination not only as a prerequisite for the ability to imagine and think, but also as a fundamental condition for movement and perception. With the original theory of the “virtual imagination”, Palágyi’s ideas inspired Philosophical Anthropology and medicine after his death. Today, however, he and his theory seem to have been forgotten. The following review is therefore dedicated to the work “Leben und Geist” (Life and Spirit), edited by Heiko Heublein and published in 2018, which is a representative cross-section of Palágyi’s work. The review focuses on his reflections on the theory of perception, which are the core not only of the anthology, but of his oeuvre. The most important cornerstones of Palágyi’s theory of perception are the “theory of intermittent perception” and the “virtual imagination”.

Impact of COVID-19 on the Functioning of Passenger Rail Transport

The article presents an overview of the transport situation on Polish railways during the first and second waves of the CO-VID-19 pandemic. The emerging trends in the use of rail transport are characterised. In order to meet market needs, rail transport should be open to any technical solution that reduces the possibility of horizontal transmission of infections to, both, travellers and transport workers. Examples are given of measures which improve safety during transport in this respect, as a fundamental condition for the systematic return of travellers to the railways. Keywords: rail transport, COVID-19, passenger rail transport

Hermeneutics

Musical hermeneutics, the interpretation of the meaning of musical works, genres, or performances, has traditionally been limited by the assumption that any meaning music might have must derive from the intrinsically musical dimension of form, technique, or structure. This assumption is a mistake. Understanding why it goes wrong may lead to a more robust and revealing understanding of music. A more genuinely musical hermeneutics is possible in light of two modern philosophical concepts—care (from Heidegger) and aspect-change (from Husserl and Wittgenstein)—combined with two new ones: hermeneutic delay as an essential feature in the generation of meaning and paraphrase as a fundamental condition of language in particular and communications media, including music, in general. The interpretive practice thus made possible, illustrated with examples from Haydn and Debussy, extends humanistic knowledge and is consistent (but not compliant) with advances in neuroscience and digital technology that have broadened the concept of cognition beyond conscious thinking.

An Integrated EPLOS Database as a Tool Supporting TSL Companies

The paper presents the conceptual design of a database for the European Portal of Logistics Services (EPLOS) and its application. The database contains the data on logistics companies, the infrastructure for road, railway, inland, and air transport, as well as the data on the nodal elements of logistics infrastructure (warehouse facilities, seaports, transhipment terminals). Complete and verified information is the fundamental condition for rational decisions about the realization of logistics processes on a meso- and macroeconomic scale. Authors present the relations in the making of the EPLOS database, its assumed scope, and the potential benefits for the TSL market from accessing the EPLOS database.