A WSN-based maritime border alert system to protect fishermen

The safety of fisherman has become a big issue in Tamil Nādu because of fishermen invading the Sri Lankan border. This initiative primarily seeks to save fishermen's lives by tracking the location of their boats and alerting them to the boundary limit, which is then sent to the control centre. A pulse detector is also included, which aids in the monitoring of the fishermen's health. The concept is built around an embedded system that protects fisherman by alerting them to the country's border via a wireless sensor network (WSN) and a global mobile communication system (GSM). Each zone in the region has a different function, but they all have four things in common: they're all in the same general area. While fishing, if the fisherman ignores or fails to see the display, the alarm will go off, alerting him and slowing down the boat as it gets close to the forbidden zone. It includes a pulse oximeter as well; in case the user has any health issues. This information is sent to the command centre.

Loops in dS/CFT

We consider the semi-classical expansion of the Bunch-Davies wavefunction with future boundary condition in position space for a real scalar field, conformally coupled to a classical de Sitter background in the expanding Poincaré patch with quartic selfinteraction. In the future boundary limit the wave function takes the form of the generating functional of a Euclidean conformal field theory for which we calculate the anomalous dimensions of the double trace deformations at one loop order using results obtained from Euclidean Anti de Sitter space. We find analytic expressions for some subleading twist operators and an algorithm to obtain expressions for general twist.

The parallelism between galaxy clusters and early-type galaxies

Context. This is the third study of a series dedicated to the observed parallelism of properties between galaxy clusters and groups (GCGs) and early-type galaxies (ETGs). Aims. Here we investigate the physical origin of the mass–radius relation (MRR). Methods. Having collected literature data on masses and radii for objects going from globular clusters (GCs) to ETGs and GCGs, we set up the MR plane and compare the observed distribution with the MRR predicted by theoretical models for both the monolithic and hierarchical scenarios. Results. We argue that the distribution of stellar systems in the MR plane is due to complementary mechanisms: (i) on one hand, as shown in Paper II, the relation of the virial equilibrium intersects with a relation that provides the total luminosity as a function of the star formation history; (ii) on the other hand, the locus predicted for the collapse of systems should be convolved with the statistical expectation for the maximum mass of the halos at each cosmic epoch. This second aspect provides a natural boundary limit explaining both the curved distribution observed in the MR plane and the existence of a zone of avoidance. Conclusions. The distribution of stellar systems in the MR plane is the result of two combined evolutions, that of the stellar component and that of the halo component.

Design and simulation of strip loaded and rib waveguide with integration of 2D material

Objective- To design Graphene-Silicon based rib waveguide and reduce the losses in the strip in order to meet the requirement for ultra-fast & ultrahigh optical bandwidth communication and computing in integrated optical devices. Method –Propagation losses and effective refractive index are the two key parameters. In order to meet the objective, the effects of Graphene for manufacturing passive devices/components in the field of Integrated Photonic like integrated optical waveguide have been analysed by measuring the changes in propagation losses and effective refractive index of the silicon photonics devices for operating at different wavelengths. Findings- We have presented the design and simulation of SOI (Silicon-on-Insulator) platforms with 2D layer materials (graphene) which has been used along with their mode of propagation, effective refractive index (ne f f ), propagation losses (dB/cm) and varying wavelength range for optimum performance. In addition to this, we have also calculated the boundary limit for both the speed and bandwidth. We also reported the development of Silicon rib waveguide, Graphene-Silicon based rib waveguide and Ge on SOI with graphene later at the top of strip waveguide.Minimum loss of strip waveguide is 2.9 dB/cm which has been obtained for Mid-IR wavelength generally used for high power mid- IR sensing.

The O(N ) model with ϕ6 potential in ℝ2 × ℝ+

We study the large N limit of O(N ) scalar field theory with classically marginal ϕ6 interaction in three dimensions in the presence of a planar boundary. This theory has an approximate conformal invariance at large N . We find different phases of the theory corresponding to different boundary conditions for the scalar field. Computing a one loop effective potential, we examine the stability of these different phases. The potential also allows us to determine a boundary anomaly coefficient in the trace of the stress tensor. We further compute the current and stress-tensor two point functions for the Dirichlet case and decompose them into boundary and bulk conformal blocks. The boundary limit of the stress tensor two point function allows us to compute the other boundary anomaly coefficient. Both anomaly coefficients depend on the approximately marginal ϕ6 coupling.

Development of Gaiting Analysis using Footwear

An intelligent hybrid project is developed for assisting the partially impaired and physically challenged people. The Fall Detection is proposed to ensure the safety of these people. Force Sensing Resistor (FSR) sensors are attached to the footwear. For each in a pair of shoes four FSR sensors are attached at the precise locations in the shoe. In this method, the user’s pressure from the specified points is calculated in real time using an integrated force sensory system, which comprises FSR sensors in the shoe. When the pressure from these specified points cross the boundary limit of the specified safety value, i.e., the maximum pressure, it is assessed that the user is going to fall down. The data retrieved from these FSR sensors is used for computing the gaiting analysis. We have used Arduino microcontrollers for data collection from the pair of shoes incorporated with sensors. The data gathered here is transmitted via Bluetooth protocol to the core FPGA where the main Gaiting Analysis is performed and fall detection is achieved here. The novelty in this paper is we have used the FPGA board for Fall Detection because it has high performance, less power consumption and parallel processing support. So using FPGA is the best option in this project. This project can be broadly applied across Healthcare and Military applications. The detected fall can be further improved and it can be prevented by Fall Prevention prototypes. In this study, we have successfully achieved the desired results, and all the proposed methods were finally verified through simulations and experiments.

Internet of Things Based SOS Signal and Border Alert System for Piscator’s Hazard

Nowadays, Internet of Things (IoT) has come to limelight. IoT is a platform that uses variety of technologies and research disciplines to help and solve the real world problems faced by any individual and organizations. The objects in IoT domain are instrumented, interconnected, and process anything intelligently anywhere, anytime, anyway and anyhow. In open space, the wireless communication is used to transmit and receive the data from sender to the receiver devices. So, IoT platform makes the product smarter and allows Machine to Machine (M2M) interaction through which data can be transmitted through the wireless communication effectively. Our project aims to develop an IoT based SOS and border alert system for hazards encountered by the fishermen. Continually, many fishermen lose their valuable lives usually because of crossing the nation’s boundary limit and adding to the misery the recent OCKHI cyclone has also affected the life of many fishermen. So, as to overcome these issues border alert system has been designed with lower cost. In the existing border alert system communication with the people who could come to their aid has not been incorporated which is the motive of our project. In addition, the proposed work includes cyclone prediction, medicine recommendation system for advising the fishermen with appropriate medicines during their work interlude. The tracking and message transmission processes are also added and tracking equipment by which the fishermen and the permissible persons can trace their exact location using Blynk App.