Son Preference in India

Through a focus on Rajasthan, this chapter analyses how government awareness campaigns for gender equality, as well as a sharp rise in institutional deliveries throughout the country in the 2000s, have affected how son preference is discussed and treated in hospitals. Drawing on 3 months of ethnographic fieldwork in a government hospital in Jaipur, this chapter shows that the condemnation of son preference has enhanced regimes of medical and moral surveillance within obstetric wards. Not only does it contribute to further castigation and self-disciplining mechanisms, but it also constitutes a new opportunity for social distinction. While condemning son preference practices, women, nurses, and doctors are constantly finding scapegoats in social classes, state, and generational differences. Thus, this chapter considers whether the public condemnation of son preference, currently jeopardizing the relationship of trust between caregivers and patients, could undermine government policies on safe motherhood.

Weaving the Contemporary Position of Maatauranga Maaori Within Nursing Practice

<p>While the values and beliefs of health care for Maaori are perceived to be consistent with those which Maaori are embedded in, the outcomes developed from a Western worldview, has fallen short of this expectation. This thesis explores the customary kaupapa of Maatauranga Maaori or Maaori knowledge, which is the appropriate technique to determine how health care should be maintained by and for Maaori. The research highlights the need to meld these kaupapa with that of a contemporary Maaori viewpoint, to focus more on a deeper enhancement of these kaupapa, and develop an understanding of the social, cultural, educational, political and economic contexts these concepts have on Maaori as a people. This research identified six Maaori registered women nurses, who willingly volunteered to share their experiences regarding Maatauranga Maaori and its importance to their nursing practice. Over a period of one year, in-depth conversations unfolded and produced data on what Maatauranga Maaori involves and how the six participants in the study believe it influences their nursing practices. All are currently practicing nurses within various health settings such as psychiatric and comprehensive nursing, and all wish to be known by their given names. From the inception of this study, the focus was to introduce Maatauranga Maaori as the epistemological framework of choice. Inclusive will be life-stories - oral stories - as the method by which value and insight are added to the progress of this research study. The findings of this research indicate that a collection of key kaupapa, namely whakapapa, whanaungatanga, te reo Maaori, wairuatanga, tuurangawaewae, manaakitanga and rangatiratanga are crucial to the health and wellbeing of Maaori as a people. These kaupapa enable Maaori to determine and strengthen our worldview, which in turn reflects the concept of being Maaori thereby contributing to the health and status of their whaanau, hapuu and iwi. The findings support the view that there is a substantial collection of kaupapa, which are inherent in Maatauranga Maaori as being able to provide a framework for theoretical research. These kaupapa will provide a framework for nursing practice and educational curricula that will develop and maintain nursing standards to meet the needs of Maaori.</p>

Weaving the Contemporary Position of Maatauranga Maaori Within Nursing Practice

<p>While the values and beliefs of health care for Maaori are perceived to be consistent with those which Maaori are embedded in, the outcomes developed from a Western worldview, has fallen short of this expectation. This thesis explores the customary kaupapa of Maatauranga Maaori or Maaori knowledge, which is the appropriate technique to determine how health care should be maintained by and for Maaori. The research highlights the need to meld these kaupapa with that of a contemporary Maaori viewpoint, to focus more on a deeper enhancement of these kaupapa, and develop an understanding of the social, cultural, educational, political and economic contexts these concepts have on Maaori as a people. This research identified six Maaori registered women nurses, who willingly volunteered to share their experiences regarding Maatauranga Maaori and its importance to their nursing practice. Over a period of one year, in-depth conversations unfolded and produced data on what Maatauranga Maaori involves and how the six participants in the study believe it influences their nursing practices. All are currently practicing nurses within various health settings such as psychiatric and comprehensive nursing, and all wish to be known by their given names. From the inception of this study, the focus was to introduce Maatauranga Maaori as the epistemological framework of choice. Inclusive will be life-stories - oral stories - as the method by which value and insight are added to the progress of this research study. The findings of this research indicate that a collection of key kaupapa, namely whakapapa, whanaungatanga, te reo Maaori, wairuatanga, tuurangawaewae, manaakitanga and rangatiratanga are crucial to the health and wellbeing of Maaori as a people. These kaupapa enable Maaori to determine and strengthen our worldview, which in turn reflects the concept of being Maaori thereby contributing to the health and status of their whaanau, hapuu and iwi. The findings support the view that there is a substantial collection of kaupapa, which are inherent in Maatauranga Maaori as being able to provide a framework for theoretical research. These kaupapa will provide a framework for nursing practice and educational curricula that will develop and maintain nursing standards to meet the needs of Maaori.</p>

Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Eating Disorders in Spanish Nurses with Shift Patterns: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background and Objectives: Shift work has a significant influence on the mental health of workers. Nursing is characterised by a rotational work system. This study aimed to determine whether there was a link between adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and the risk of suffering an eating disorder (ED) in nurses according to their work shift. Materials and Methods: A total of 240 women (nurses and nursing assistants) were evaluated and completed the PREDIMED-PLUS questionnaire on adherence to the MD and the EAT-26 (Eating Attitude Test, 26 items). Results: The results indicate that there are no differences in adherence to the MD depending on the work shift, being that adherence to the diet is already low. Statistically significant differences appear depending on the work shift in the following dimensions: restrictive behaviours and bulimia subscales (presenting higher scores in the 7-h rotating shift versus the fixed morning shift or 12-h rotating shift) and for total EAT-26 score. Conclusion: Whilst they do not condition adherence to a MD, the nursing shifts that are the most changing in terms of time patterns may condition restrictive behaviours and compensatory risk behaviours related to an ED.

Gendered Deference: Perceptions of Authority and Competence among Latina/o Physicians in Medical Institutions

Prior studies note that gender- and race-based discrimination routinely inhibit women’s advancement in medical fields. Yet few studies have examined how gendered displays of deference and demeanor are interpreted by college-educated and professional Latinas/os who are making inroads into prestigious and masculinized nontraditional fields such as medicine. In this article, we elucidate how gender shapes perceptions of authority and competence among the same pan-ethnic group, and we use deference and demeanor as an analytical tool to examine these processes. Our analysis underscores three main points of difference: (1) gendered cultural taxation; (2) microaggressions from women nurses and staff and; (3) the questioning of authority and competence to elucidate how gendered racism manifests for Latina/o doctors. Taking demonstrations of gendered deference and demeanors are vital to transforming medical schools and creating more inclusive spaces for all physicians and patients. Conclusions are based on experiences reported in interviews with 48 Latina/o physicians and observation in their places of work in Southern California.

Iron and Orange Extract on Hemoglobin among Anemic Pregnant Women in Nusa Tenggara Barat in 2018

Iron deficiency is the most common pathologic cause of anemia among pregnant women. Pregnant women with clinically significant iron deficiency may present with fatigue, weakness, pallor, tachycardia, and shortness of breath. An intervention is needed to improve hemoglobin among anemic pregnant women. This study aimed to analyze the effect of iron with orange extract on hemoglobin among anemic pregnant women in the Brang Rea health centers, Sumbawa Barat Regency, Nusa Tenggara Barat Province in 2017. The design was a quasi-experimental study. The population was 30 pregnant women who were anemic at the Brang Rea health center. A total population was used for sampling technique. Thirty anemic pregnant women were divided into the experiment and control group without randomization. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The results showed that there was a significant difference in hemoglobin before and after the intervention (p = 0.001, t = -21.1), and there was a significant difference in hemoglobin between the experimental group and the control group (p = 0.001, t = 5.19). Consuming iron, together with orange extract, could increase hemoglobin among anemic pregnant women. Nurses and midwives need to share health education about the way to consume iron to prevent anemia among pregnant women.