THE ROLE OF USING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ON DEVELOPING THE SKILLS OF PRINCIPALS AND ‎EMPLOYEES AT AL-FERAR SCHOOL FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF TEACHERS AND TEACHERS

This study aimed at the role of knowledge of information technology in organizational ‎development, by identifying the role of using information technology on developing ‎the skills of principals and employees at Al-Ferar School from the point of view of ‎teachers and teachers, and identifying the feasibility of using information technology ‎to reduce the size of the administrative apparatus in the school, in addition to identify ‎the feasibility of using information technology to expand communication networks in ‎the school, and to know the feasibility of using information technology to sort out new ‎and advanced patterns of management in the school, in order to complete the study. ‎The analytical descriptive approach was followed, through the use of the ‎questionnaire as a tool for the study, and a sample of (42) teachers was selected ‎from the research community in a random manner. The central results of the study: ‎There is a high effect of (3.46) for the use of technology on the organizational ‎development of the Ferar School for Girls from the point of view of the teachers. ‎There is also a significant impact of the use of technology at a rate of (3.6) on the ‎development and administrative development in Ferar School for Girls from the point ‎of view of the teachers. There is an average effect of using technology, at an ‎average of (3.06) on reducing the size of the administrative apparatus in the Ferar ‎School from the point of view of teachers. There is also an impact of a high rate of ‎‎ (3.7) for the use of technology on the expansion of the communication network in the ‎Ferar School from the point of view of teachers and teachers. There is a high (3.4) ‎role for the use of technology to sort out new and developed administrative patterns ‎in the Ferar School from the point of view of the teachers. It also found that the use ‎of technology contributes by (69.9%) to the development of administrative skills in the ‎Ferar School from the point of view of teachers and teachers, and that the use of ‎technology contributes by (65.2%) to reducing the size of the administrative ‎apparatus, and the use of technology contributes by (86.1%) in Expanding the ‎communication network in the Freer School from the point of view of the teachers ‎and the teachers. The study also found that there is no significant effect for (the ages ‎of the respondents, educational qualifications, and years of experience) for their ‎answers about the feasibility of using technology on organizational development in ‎the Freer Secondary School from their point of view. In the wake of these results, the ‎study came out with recommendations, the most important of which are: the need to ‎proceed with the use of technology as a developmental tool in schools, and the need ‎to develop benefiting from this use, especially in the areas of developing ‎administrative skills. Similar prospective studies on broader groups of teacher ‎schools‎.‎ Key words:

War, Military Forces, and Society in Colonial Brazil

War played a crucial role in the political and administrative development of colonial Brazil. The adoption of different government solutions, from the initial naval expeditions and proprietary captaincies to the establishment of a general government, were, in part, a response to the military challenges the Portuguese faced in the New World. In the 17th century, the leading municipalities in Brazil expanded their political prominence and reinforced their autonomy precisely when they assumed the commitment to feed the troops and pay for the army’s wages. War and military conflicts also played an important role in the formation of the colonial society in Brazil. There was a natural overlay between the hierarchical structure of the military institutions created in, or transplanted to, the colony and the hierarchical society the Portuguese established in America. The armed forces consolidated the social status of local elites; while they provided opportunities for the more marginalized groups of blacks, mixed-race, and Indians—active participants in the defense of Brazil from the outset—they also helped colonial administrators organize society along racial lines. Regulars, militias, ordenanças, and other military units filled different functions in the territory. They often took part in different military operations in a territory that was hardly suitable for large-scale operations, prolonged siege warfare, or coordinated deployment of mass infantry formations. In Brazil, similarly to other colonies in America, a distinct kind of warfare emerged, marked by a synthesis of European, Indian, and African military knowledges. It was called Guerra Brasílica, and it was both admired for its effectiveness and disparaged for not fitting nicely in traditional European military orthodoxies and for being undisciplined and supposedly “uncivilized.” The negative imageries attached to military campaigns in Brazil persisted in the minds of colonial administrators for a long time, underpinning the territory’s undeserving military status (when compared with India and North Africa)—a status that the colony seldom escaped.

Public Administration in the Reputation Era: A Conceptual Exploration

While public administration scholars have studied reputation management for a while, the concept of reputation is coming front and center in governance practices – for better or worse. In this paper, we introduce the Reputation Era, building upon other schemas of understanding administrative development. While reputation management has always been part of public administration, we argue the Reputation Era emerges in a postmodern condition focusing on images and slogans as creators of knowledge, coupled with a digital space that creates instantaneous opportunities to bolster or ruin a reputation. Reputation in this era becomes an input, throughout, output, and outcome rather than only an afterthought. Public values, then, shift in a Reputation Era as cornerstones such as transparency, performance management, and citizen participation, get subsumed into constructing a positive reputation and could lose their mooring to democratic practices if not carefully managed. We offer testable propositions based on our Reputation Era argument.

Lake Peipsi in the Pskov-Livonian Frontier System of the 15 - Early 16 Century

В статье рассматривается проблема размежевания русско-ливонского «фронтирного» пространства в районе Чудского озера. Основными претендентами на него были Псков и Дерпт, которые обладали примерно равным потенциалом. Ливонский орден, у которого не было флота, не мог оказать Дерпту прямую помощь, но как ландсгерр Ревеля, обладавшего сильным флотом, имел возможность заставить его оказать содействие. Это нарушало баланс сил в пользу Дерпта, поскольку потенциальные союзники Пскова, Новгород и Москва, флотом на Чудском озере не располагали. В борьбе за Чудское озеро Псков использовал заселение и хозяйственно-административное освоение чудских берегов. Чтобы помешать псковичам закрепиться в прибрежных районах, Ливонский орден в ходе войны 1480-1481 гг. производил их «зачистки», а также накапливал опыт мобилизации сил Дерпта, Ревеля и ордена для проведения боевых операций с использованием озерных флотилий. The article is concerned with the problem of delimiting the Russian-Livonian frontier space in the area of Lake Peipsi (Chudskoe). The main contenders for it were Pskov and Dorpat, who had approximately equal potential. The Livonian Order, which did not have a fleet, could not provide direct assistance to Dorpat, but as Landsherr of Reval, who possessed a strong fleet, it was able to force him to assist him. It upset the balance of power in favor of Dorpat, since the potential allies of Pskov, Novgorod and Moscow, did not have a fleet on Lake Peipsi. In the struggle for Lake Peipsi, Pskov used the settlement and economic and administrative development of the Peipsi shores. In order to prevent the Pskovians from gaining a foothold in the coastal areas, the Livonian Order during the war of 1480-1481 carried out their “clean-up”, and also gained experience in mobilizing the forces of Dorpat, Reval and the Order for conducting combat operations using lake flotillas.

Optimization Models for Multiple Resource Planning

Multiple resource planning is a very crucial undertaking for most organizations. Apart from reducing operational complexity, multiple resource planning facilitates efficient allocation of resources, which reduces costs by minimizing the cost of tardiness and the cost for additional capacity. The current research investigates multiple resource loading problems (MRLP). MRLPs are very prevalent in today’s organizational environments and are particularly critical for organizations that handle concurrent, time-intensive, and multiple-resource projects. Using data obtained from the Ministry of Administrative Development, Labor and Social Affairs (ADLSA), a MRLP is proposed. The problem utilizes data regarding staff, time, equipment, and finance to ensure efficient resource allocation among competing projects. In particular, the research proposes a novel model and solution approach for the MRLP. Computational experiments are then performed on the model. The results show that the model performs well, even for higher instances. The positive results attest to the effectiveness of the proposed MRLP problem.

THE REALITY OF ADMINISTRATIVE DEVELOPMENT IN THE COLLEGES OF EDUCATION IN THE ‎PROVINCE OF BAGHDAD

A field study aimed at knowing the reality of administrative development in the ‎colleges of education in the province of Baghdad. The research adopted the ‎descriptive analytical method. The research community was determined, which ‎consisted of (142) of the assistant deans and heads of departments in the faculties ‎of education. The research sample was chosen by the simple random method by ‎‎ (79%) from the research community, as the number of the sample members was ‎‎ (112) of the assistant deans and heads of departments. A questionnaire was built ‎that included (50) items distributed among the areas (regulations and instructions, ‎leadership, administrative structure, administrative communication, and staff ‎development). The researcher made sure of its validity and reliability. The research ‎data was analyzed using the (SPSS) program, and the most important results were ‎reached: the administration adopts information and communication technology to ‎ease the centrality between the university administration, the college administration ‎and the management of scientific departments. The instructions allow participation, ‎innovation, creativity and development, as well as reaching a number of ‎recommendations and proposals related to research‎. Keywords: Administrative Development, Faculties of Education‎, ‎Leadership

THE EFFECT OF PLANK EXERCISES ON THE LIPID COMPONENT AND THE RATE OF METABOLISM (BMR) AMONG STUDENTS OF THE HIGHER INSTITUTE FOR SECURITY AND ADMINISTRATIVE DEVELOPMENT

روى محمود عبد اللطيف \ كلية التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة للبنات ا.د اسراء فواد صالح \ كلية التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة للبنات

UPAYA PEMBINAAN TERTIB ADMINISTRASI DESA OLEH DINAS PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DAN PEMERINTAHAN DESA KABUPATEN SINTANG

The orderly administration of the village becomes the authority of the Sintang District Village Empowerment and Village Administration Office which aims to achieve good and effective village government performance in its administration system. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive approach, data analysis techniques are qualitative, the tools used are Observation Guide, Interview Guidelines and documentation. The subjects of the study were 5 people, namely the Head of the Sintang District Village Community Empowerment and Village Empowerment Office, Sintang District Village Empowerment and Community Empowerment Office Secretary, Sintang District Village Empowerment and Community Empowerment Office Administration Staff, the Administrative Staff of the Sintang District Village Community Empowerment and Government Administration Office. Village Chief in Sintang Regency 2 people. Implementation of Administrative Guidance is carried out on an ongoing basis through technical guidance, work meetings and direct visits tovillages, Coordination in the Implementation of Administrative Coaching is carried out internally in the Office of Community Empowerment and Village Government by the Head of the Institutional Section because of the interrelated coaching from various aspects such as finance and also administrative order , Supervision of the implementation of Administrative Development together according to the authority of the Office of Community Empowerment and Village GovernmentKeywords: Efforts, Guidance, Orderly Administration.

The First Church of Russian Emigration in Berlin: The Fate of the Masterpiece

This article dwells upon the tragic history of the architecturally unique Russian Community House with a church. It was built by the design of an architect Nikolai Vasilyev (1875–1958). The presentation of the material in the article begins with the history of the Orthodox embassy house churches in Berlin. Despite the long historical and matrimonial ties between Russian and Prussian Reigning Royal Houses, there was no separate capital Orthodox church edifice in Berlin. The rector of the embassy church A. Maltsev advocated the construction of it, but the First World War interfered with the plans to build a new Orthodox church in Berlin. However, the increase of the Orthodox community after 1917 at the expense of the emigrants made the construction of a new church edifice even more essential. The design was developed by N. Vasilyev. Considering the need to create a multifunctional building, which should be located among a dense urban development and blend in style with the neighboring buildings, the architect embodied his old designs for monastery structures in the Neo-Russian style, carrying the idea of the “Temple-Castle” (designs of the Metochions of Kalyazinsky Alexander Nevsky Monastery and Feodorovsky Gorodetsky Monastery in St. Petersburg). The building, which included premises for various purposes, was crowned with a church in the spirit of Novgorod ecclesiastical architecture with an open gallery for processions. This unique architectural monument suffered a sad fate – the building was sold for debts and bought by German Labor Front (DAF). The former community house was a subject of a complete reconstruction in accordance with the plans for the administrative development of the district. However, a plot of land was allocated to the Russian community for the construction of a new church edifice, which was consecrated in 1938, but that new church was no longer as interesting and unique from an architectural point of view as the first temple. Thanks to the analysis of archival materials it was found out that the reconstruction was not completed and the former community house survived in its original form (only the domes were dismantled) during the Second World War. The building was converted to a hotel only in the late 1950s or early 1960s.

In the Service of the Empire: Pope Zosimus and the Roman Synod of 417

Introduction. The brief pontificate of Pope Zosimus (417–418) was marked by the Roman Synod in September 417, the decisions of which were of great importance both for the subsequent church-administrative development of Southern Gaul and for the development of the concept of papal primacy. Methods. The task of the authors of the article is to analyse the church-political actions of Pope Zosimus in the broad historical context of the early 5th c. and to determine the degree of his independence in decision-making. Analysis. The article analyses the measures of the Ravenna court to restore control over the region of Southern Gaul in the situation when the imperial administration lost this control as a result of mutinies and the arrival of barbarian tribes, as well as the role assigned to the Roman bishop in this process. In this context, the article investigates the events of the Roman Synod of September 417, at which church-political and church-administrative affairs related to Gaul and Africa were examined. There were considered two groups of cases, related to one another due to the involvement of same persons, who, in their turn, had been involved into ecclesiastical politics in Gaul during the usurpation of Constantine III. These persons, former bishop of Arles Heros, former bishop of Aquae Sextiae (Aix en Provence) Lazarus and bishop of Marseille Proculus, became subjects of conciliar condemnation. At the same time, within the framework of the same process, the Synod undertook the rehabilitation of Pelagius and Caelestius, who had previously been condemned by the African Synod and pope Innocent I (401–417). The latter circumstance actually implied the undermining of the authority of both Innocent and the papacy. Results. The authors conclude that the agenda of the Synod was entirely dictated by state interests and aimed at eliminating the consequences of the usurpations in Southern Gaul and reintegrating this region into the administrative system of the Western Roman Empire.