Development of Rocket Telemetry in Chamber Gas Pressure Monitoring with the MPXV7002DP Gas Pressure Sensor

Telemetry is a process used to measure or record a physical quantity at a location far from the center of processing the measurement results. Telemetry systems on unmanned aerial vehicles can provide information such as position, altitude, direction, and status of the vehicle itself in real time when the air vehicle is operated. A rocket is a flying vehicle that moves by getting a boost through the combustion reaction that occurs in the rocket. Implementation of the strain gauge sensor through the MPXV7002DP gas pressure sensor, the amount of gas pressure is obtained at the time of combustion of the rocket and sent via wi-fi telemetry Pixhawk 447 MHz, the data on a laptop can be shown the gas pressure generated in the rocket chamber through the display of the Borland Delphi program with a distance of 150 m.

Reproduction deep inside wood: a low O 2 and high CO 2 environment promotes egg production by termite queens

Extreme conditions are normal for animals living in harsh environments. These animals adapt to their habitats and can use difficult conditions by default. Organisms living in enclosed spaces, notably termites in decaying wood, experience low O 2 and high CO 2 gas conditions due to limited gas exchange and high insect density. Termite queens, in particular, reproduce in royal chambers deep inside the wood, wherein tens of thousands of individuals engage in social labour. Here, we demonstrate that royal chambers in termite nests have low O 2 and high CO 2 gas concentrations, which enhance egg production by queens. We identified a unique gas condition of royal chambers in the nest of the subterranean termite Reticulitermes speratus , which is characterized by low O 2 (15.75%) and high CO 2 (4.99%) concentrations. Queens showed significantly greater fecundity under the low O 2 and high CO 2 gas conditions in the royal chambers than under ambient gas conditions. Quantitative PCR analysis revealed that the royal chamber gas conditions significantly promoted the expression levels of the vitellogenin genes RsVg1 , RsVg2 and RsVg3 in queens compared with ambient gas conditions. This study highlights the adaptation of animals that live in closed habitats, which are hypoxic and hypercapnic as the result of their own metabolism, so as to have a high fitness in such environmental conditions.

Biochar application significantly affects the N pool and microbial community structure in purple and paddy soils

Background The increasing demand for food production has resulted in the use of large quantities of chemical fertilizers. This has created major environmental problems, such as increased ammonia volatilization, N2O emission, and nitrogen (N) leaching from agricultural soil. In particular, the utilization rate of N fertilizer is low in subtropical southern parts of China due to high rainfall. This causes not only large financial losses in agriculture, but also serious environmental pollution. Methods In this study, 16S rDNA-based analysis and static-chamber gas chromatography were used to elucidate the effects of continuous straw biochar application on the N pool and bacteria environment in two typical soil types, purple and paddy soils, in southern China. Results Straw biochar application (1) improved the soil N pool in both rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils; (2) significantly reduced the emission of N2O, with no difference in emission between 1 and 2 years of application; (3) increased the abundance of N-processing bacteria in the soil and altered the bacterial community structure; and (4) improved the tobacco yield and N use efficiency in paddy soil. These findings suggest that, in southern China, the application of straw biochar can promote N transformation in purple and paddy soils and reduce the emission of the greenhouse gas N2O.