Literature Review : Gambaran Penerapan Terapi Assertiveness Training Terhadap Penurunan Resiko Perilaku Kekerasan Klien Skizofrenia

Violent behavior is a condition in which a person performs actions that can harm both himself and others. This behavior that occurs in schizophrenic clients’ needs to be handled appropriately so that something unwanted does not happen. As we know, one of methods control risk of violent behavior is assertiveness training. This scientific paper aims to find out the effects of applying this therapy in reducing risk of violent behavior on scizophrenic clients. From this literature review , it obtained the average value of pretest is 36.84 and posttest is 26.12. It resulted p value 0,001, (<0,005). That proved there is effect of the training in reducing risks of violent behavior on schizophrenic clients. So, it is recommended for the nurses to apply this theraphy as the alternative way to reduce that such a behavior on schizophrenic clients.Keywords: risk of violent behavior ; schizophrenic clients ; assertiveness training AbstrakPerilaku kekerasan adalah suatu keadaan dimana seseorang melakukan tindakan yang dapat membahayakan baik kepada diri sendiri maupun orang lain. Perilaku kekerasan yang terjadi pada klien skizofrenia perlu penanganan secara tepat agar tidak terjadi sesuatu yang tidak di inginkan. Assertiveness Training merupakan salah satu metode untuk mengontrol resiko perilaku kekerasan. Tujian karya tulis ilmiah ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran penerapan terapi Assertiveness Training terhadap penurunan resiko perilaku kekerasan pada klien skizofrenia. Desain karya tulis ilmiah ini adalah literature review. Hasil analisis didapatkan nilai rata-rata pre test sebesar 36,84 dan post test sebesar 26,12 dengan hasil p value sebesar 0,001, (<0,005). Kesimpulannya terdapat pengaruh terapi Assertiveness Training terhadap penurunan resiko perilaku kekerasan pada klien skizofrenia. Saran bagi tenaga keperawatan yaitu diharapkan dapat menerapkan terapi Assertiveness Training untuk menurunkan resiko perilaku kekerasan pada klien skizofrenia.Kata kunci: resiko perilaku kekerasan ; skizofrenia ; terapi assertiveness training

Influence of Organisational Based Self-Esteem on Assertive Behaviour among Government Workers in Ekiti State

This study investigated the influence of organizational based self-esteem on assertive behaviour among government workers in Ekiti State. The study made use of a total number of one hundred and ninety-six (196) participants across government organizations in Ekiti State who were randomly selected. The sample comprised of Male 115 (58.7%) and Female 81 (41.3%). Organizational based self-esteem (OBSE) was measured with a 10-item survey developed by Pierce, Gardner, and Dunham (1989). Rathus Assertiveness Schedule (RAS) was used to measure assertiveness. Three hypothesis were formulated and tested in the study and results shows that there is no significant influence of organizational based self-esteem on assertiveness t(194)=-.717,p>.05, there is no significant influence of sex on assertiveness t(194)=.694,p>.05. Finally, there is no significant age difference on assertiveness t(194)=.694,p>.05. Findings were discussed and it was recommended that assertiveness training or other such techniques may be given to the non-assertive employees to build their self-concept and self-esteem and a longitudinal study may be conducted on large sample to assess the effects of assertive training on assertive behaviour and self-esteem with comparison of the different interventional strategies.

Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Training and Assertiveness Training on Resilience and Clinical Symptoms of Students with Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Background: Generalized anxiety disorder is among the most common psychiatric disorders. We aimed to compare the effectiveness of emotion regulation training and assertiveness training on resilience and clinical symptoms of students with generalized anxiety disorder. Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest study with a control group. The statistical population included all 16-18 years old male high school students in Karaj who were studying in the academic year 2019-2020, of whom 75 were selected by multi-stage random sampling and assigned to two groups of 25. Participants in experimental group 1 received eight sessions of assertiveness training for 60 minutes per week. Participants in experimental group 2 received five sessions of emotion regulation training for 60 minutes per week, and participants in the control group did not receive any intervention. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Resilience questionnaires were used to collect data. Results: Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) showed that both assertiveness and emotion regulation training programs increased resilience and reduced clinical signs of generalized anxiety disorder in the experimental groups (P<0.001). Moreover, there was no significant difference between the effectiveness of the two training programs. Conclusion: It is suggested that assertiveness and emotion regulation training be provided for students and included in their curriculum, to enhance assertiveness and emotion regulation skills.

Understanding Australian female chiropractors’ experiences of inappropriate patient sexual behaviour: a study using Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis

Introduction Female practitioners are often subjected to inappropriate patient sexual behaviour (IPSB). Adverse consequences of such sexual harassment include for the practitioner psychological stress effects and negative work-related consequences that contributes to career dissatisfaction and burnout. Confronting the issue within the healthcare context has been shown to be problematic because practitioners feel an obligation to protect the therapeutic relationship above their own personal discomfort. There is an absence of research on this topic with respect to female chiropractors and we proposed a qualitative study aimed to explore female chiropractors lived experiences of managing incidents of IPSB. Method An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis methodology was chosen for this study. In June and July of 2018 female chiropractors in Western Australian were recruited via Facebook sites and invited to participate in face-to-face interviews for an Honours degree study exploring the lived experience of IPSB. Results Participants were seven female chiropractors currently practicing in Western Australia, who had experienced an incident of IPSB. Four super-ordinate themes emerged from the analysis; (1) familiar but inarticulable, (2) the cost of conflict, (3) I’m used to it, and (4) the element of surprise. Overall, the participants recognised the incidents as inappropriate but chose to ignore the situation as a means to avoid conflict in the treatment room. Recommendations are made to better manage IPSB including greater patient awareness of appropriate behaviour, specific curriculum content and assertiveness training in undergraduate programs and continuing professional education, as well as the creation of ethical guidelines for patient behaviour by regulatory bodies. Conclusion This is the first study to give a forum for female chiropractors to discuss their experiences of IPSB. The domain of private practice is not immune to incidents IPSB and although similar to day-to-day non-clinical life is nonetheless surprising and impactful.

Pelatihan Keterampilan Menolak dan Asertivitas pada Remaja Selama Pandemi COVID-19

Adolescents are prone to receive negative peer pressure. One of the main causes is the need of social acceptance. The aim of this study is to improve adolescents’ refusal skill and assertiveness to avoid negative peer pressure through experiential learning approach. Online training is carried out due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which makes face-to-face activities need to be restricted. The subjects of this study are 5 female students from three different schools in Jakarta, who were selected using purposive sampling method with Peer Pressure Inventory. Data were collected quantitatively using two different questionnaires which measure refusal skill, and assertiveness separatedly, while qualitative data were collected through observation and role-play activity. Wilcoxon signed ranked test was used to analyze the quantitative data, while the qualitative data were analyzed descriptively. The results show the significant increase of assertiveness among participants after joining the training, but not with their refusal skills. This may be caused by the limited time of practicing the refusal skill in real context. Overall, online refusal skill and assertiveness training is likely to be given amid the COVID-19 pandemic.Keywords: Adolescents, assertiveness, peer pressure, refusal skill Abstrak: Remaja rentan menerima dan terpengaruh oleh tekanan negatif dari teman sebaya. Salah satu penyebab utama adalah adanya kebutuhan untuk mendapat penerimaan dari lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan keterampilan menolak dan asertivitas remaja agar terhindar dari tekanan negatif teman sebaya. dengan pendekatan experiential learning. Pelatihan daring dilakukan karena adanya pandemi COVID-19 yang membuat seluruh kegiatan tatap muka perlu dihindari. Subjek dalam pelatihan ini adalah 5 remaja perempuan dari tiga sekolah di Jakarta, yang dipilih dengan metode purposive sampling menggunakan Peer Pressure Inventory. Data kuantitatif diperoleh melalui dua kuesioner berbeda untuk mengukur keterampilan menolak dan asertivitas secara terpisah. Data kualitatif diperoleh melalui observasi dan aktivitas role-play. Wilcoxon signed ranked test digunakan untuk menganalisis data kuantitatif, sedangkan data kualitatif dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil menunjukkan adanya peningkatan yang signifikan pada tingkat asertivitas partisipan, namun tidak dengan keterampilan menolaknya. Hal ini dapat dipengaruhi oleh keterbatasan kesempatan mempraktikkan keterampilan menolak dalam konteks yang sesungguhnya. Secara keseluruhan, pelatihan keterampilan menolak dan asertivitas secara daring sangat mungkin diberikan pada masa pandemi COVID-19.

Teknik Assertiveness Training dalam Penurunan Perilaku Kekerasan pada Pasien Skizoprenia di RS. Jiwa Prof. Dr. Muhammad Ildrem Medan

Violent behavior is a form of aggressive or violent behavior that is shown verbally, physically or both to an object, other person or self that leads to the potential to be destructive or actively causes pain, danger and suffering. Assertiveness training is the application of behavioral training with the aim of assisting individuals in developing direct ways of relating in interpersonal situations. The increasing number of schizophrenic mental patients with violent behavior will have an impact on families and communities in the form of an economic burden and a decreased quality of life in carrying out daily activities. Qualitative research with assertiveness training technique is carried out as an application of behavioral training with the aim of helping individuals develop ways of direct contact in interpersonal situations. Based on the stages of applying assertive training techniques through group guidance, it shows that there is an increase in the patient's ability to express every problem he is facing. So it can be concluded that the implementation of assertive training techniques in revealing real patient problems through group activity guidance in hospitals. Hospital of Prof. Dr. Muhammad Ildrem Medan there have been developments and improvements.Violent behavior is a form of aggressive or violent behavior that is shown verbally, physically or both to an object, other person or self that leads to the potential to be destructive or actively causes pain, danger and suffering. Assertiveness training is the application of behavioral training with the aim of assisting individuals in developing direct ways of relating in interpersonal situations. The increasing number of schizophrenic mental patients with violent behavior will have an impact on families and communities in the form of an economic burden and a decreased quality of life in carrying out daily activities. Qualitative research with assertiveness training technique is carried out as an application of behavioral training with the aim of helping individuals develop ways of direct contact in interpersonal situations. Based on the stages of applying assertive training techniques through group guidance, it shows that there is an increase in the patient's ability to express every problem he is facing. So it can be concluded that the implementation of assertive training techniques in revealing real patient problems through group activity guidance in hospitals. Hospital of Prof. Dr. Muhammad Ildrem Medan there have been developments and improvements.

EVALUATE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ASSERTIVENESS TRAINING MODULE ON ASSERTIVE BEHAVIOUR, SELF ESTEEM AND INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION SATISFACTION AMONG NURSES WORKING IN SELECTED HOSPITALS: A PILOT STUDY

ABSTRACT Assertiveness is not something that is inherited. Assertiveness is a skill that anyone could learn if he decided to, lack of assertiveness is only rooted to the way of dealing with others you got used to, this way may be letting go of your rights or fear of standing up for yourself. Being assertive requires only thing, your decision. The research design used for this study was quasi-experimental, pre-test post-test control group design. Total 60 Nurses who met inclusive sampling criteria were selected and allocated 30 to experimental group and 30 control group by using non-probability, convenient sampling technique. The data was collected by using socio-demographic data, Rathus Assertiveness Schedule for assertiveness, Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale for self-esteem and interpersonal communication satisfaction inventory for interpersonal communication satisfaction respectively. The Participants of the experimental group were administered Assertiveness training module in 7 sessions, each day one session and outcome variables were measured at three points in time; before intervention, 7th day after intervention and one month after intervention. The data was collected from November 2019. The effect of intervention was analyzed by repeated- measures ANOVA. The calculated student independent ‘t’ test value of (t = 6.484, P = 4.45) for assertiveness, (t = 5.440, P = 2.65) for self-esteem and (t = 7.119, P = 5.427) for interpersonal communication satisfaction at the post intervention 2 shows that there was significant improvement in nurses’ level of assertiveness, self-esteem and interpersonal communication satisfaction after the administration of assertiveness training in experimental group than in control group. Assertive behaviour and self-esteem had weak negative correlation in both groups experimental group & control group at post intervention 2. Assertive behaviour and interpersonal communication satisfaction also had a weak negative correlation