Problems of Improving Working Capacity of the Operators at High-Tech Industries

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
N.L. Vishnevskaya ◽  
◽  
L.V. Plakhova ◽  
M.Yu. Liskova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Muscle Tension ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Working Capacity ◽  
Industrial Complexes ◽  
Persistent Fatigue ◽  
Process Work ◽  
High Level

Modern high-tech industry intensifies the production load on operators. The problem of maintaining a high level of working capacity and error-free work is growing. Earlier studies revealed that the work of operators in hermetically sealed rooms is characterized by the following: monotony, hypokinesia, lack of psychological and industrial contacts, static muscle tension, as well as a lot of frequently repeated small movements caused by the fact that the technical system is controlled indirectly — through the remote control. The operator is affected by the factors of a closed production environment (microclimate) and the labor process (work and rest mode, long working shifts), which together form a general status called fatigue. The main factor that causes fatigue is the integral extensive intensity of the activity. The dynamics of physiological processes characterizing fatigue and the possibility of erroneous actions were evaluated. It is established that low-intensity factors, which form the working conditions of operators of high-tech industrial complexes, provoke persistent fatigue, a decrease in the functional reserves of the body, the development and aggravation of professionally caused diseases. The degree of fatigue was assessed by the indicators of the latent time of sensorimotor reactions, the stability of attention and the error of actions. The obtained data confirm the need in developing effective ways and means of maintaining working capacity. In particular, the regulated breaks and pauses filled with the specially developed schemes of isometric exercises, should be introduced (according to a special schedule) into the work and rest mode with a 12-hour schedule. The study substantiates the need for further making recommendations on the development of preventive measures to optimize the working conditions of the operators in high-tech industries.

Influence of Environmental Technologies on the Economic Component in the Normalization of Thermal Conditions in Oil-Stores

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Vadim R. ALABYEV ◽  
Marina N. KRUK ◽  
Mariia A. KOROBITCYNA ◽  
Igor S. STEPANOV
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Working Capacity ◽  
Refrigeration Equipment ◽  
Air Jet ◽  
Design Solutions ◽  
Environmental Technologies ◽  
High Level

Thermal conditions in petroleum tanks are important for maintaining optimal sanitary and hygienic standards, which contribute to increasing the working capacity of people. Therefore, the set problems are of great importance for research. The main goal of the work is to study the influence of environmental technologies on the economic component. To achieve this goal, the authors substantiated design solutions for the use of refrigeration equipment to improve and normalize thermal conditions in drilling galleries in the extraction of oil by underground. It is established that the main increase in air temperature is observed in the drilling gallery and on the outgoing air jet in the slope. According to the results of thermal surveys, it is determined that the cooling demand of the drilling gallery, provided that the air temperature at the end of the slope does not exceed 35.0°C, is about 1000 kW. It is established that the use of environmental technologies contributes to the improvement of working conditions. And also has a high level of profitability and payback.

scholarly journals COMBINED HYPOXIC AND PHYSICAL TRAININGS — EFFECTIVE MEANS OF EMERGENCY INCREASE OF PHYSICAL ENDURANCE OF SPECIALISTS WITH DIFFICULT WORKING CONDITIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Vadim N. Sklyarov ◽  
Igor’ O. Nikolaenko ◽  
Georgij V. Dmitriev ◽  
Nikolai V. Kochubejnik ◽  
Svetlana E. Bygayan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Main Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physical Endurance ◽  
Hypoxic Training ◽  
Effectiveness Of Training ◽  
Long Term Observation ◽  
High Level

Introduction. Special conditions for the activity of specialists of the naval crews are often «forced» to function at the limit of the physiological capabilities of the body, requiring constant maintenance of a high level of physical working capacity. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of combined physical and normobaric hypoxic training for an emergency increase in the physical endurance of ship specialists and other representatives of «dangerous» occupations. Materials and methods. Were examined 18 men (10 people — the main group, 8 people — the control group) aged 19–22 years. The subjects of both groups performed workouts on exercise bikes: work power 1,2 W/kg, duration 2 hours, the total number of training sessions 14. For people of the main group, physical training was carried out under conditions of normobaric hypoxia created in the normobaric hypoxic complex, with an oxygen content of about 16% (15,9 kPa). In persons of the control group, hypoxia conditions were imitated: atmospheric air was supplied to the premises of the hypoxic complex. The physical endurance of the subjects was evaluated by the maximum oxygen consumption indicator. Results and its discussion. The studies revealed that the effectiveness of training in individuals of the main group turned out to be significantly higher compared to the control, as evidenced by the results of control tests of physical endurance, carried out both immediately after the training and in the long-term observation period. Thus, the method of combined physical and normobaric hypoxic training can be considered as an effective and safe means of emergency and persistent increase in physical endurance of ship specialists and of other categories of people with difficult and dangerous working conditions.

Education in post anaesthetic care nursing

2002 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-6
Author(s):  
Melanie Oakley
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Care Nurse ◽  
National Board ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Anaesthetic Care ◽  
High Level ◽  
Poor Relation ◽  
Care Nursing

ABSTRACTPost anaesthetic care nursing was viewed for many years as the ‘poor relation’ of theatre and anaesthetic nursing. This was for a number of reasons, but primarily because recovery of the anaesthetised patient was, until relatively recently ward based. However with the advent of anaesthesia becoming more ‘high tech’ the skill required to look after a patient post anaesthesia has increased and with that increase the need for a high level of education for nurses within this speciality. There is now a long English National Board course for the Post anaesthetic care nurse, and opportunities are arising for nurses working in this area to add to the body of knowledge in post anaesthetic care nursing.

scholarly journals Health-saving measures in preventing diseases associated with working conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-378
Author(s):  
Inna V. Lapko ◽  
Alla V. Zheglova ◽  
Inessa A. Bogatyreva ◽  
Kristina V. Klimkina
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
The Body ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Medical Documentation ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Lipid Metabolism Disorders

Introduction. The health of employees of harmful industries indicates its disadvantage and dependence on behavioural and occupation risk factors, promoting the formation of diseases associated with their impact. In this regard, it is essential to improve hygienic and medical-preventive measures to strengthen and restore the health of the able-bodied population, based on the use of health-saving principles aimed at developing skills for a healthy lifestyle and monitoring predictors of functional disorders of the body and the health of workers. The purpose of the study. Implementation and evaluation of the effectiveness of preventive measures using health-saving methods to optimise the production environment and extend the longevity of workers working in harmful working conditions. Material and methods. Two hundred eighty-two employees of the “Starooskolsky plant of automotive electrical equipment named after A.M. Mamonov” exposed to harmful factors of the working environment were examined. The health status of employees was assessed according to the data of periodic and preventive medical examinations, medical documentation, with an assessment of the prevalence of priority classes of diseases. Behavioural risk factors (smoking, physical activity, the nature of nutrition) and associated functional indices of health disorders were studied: body mass index, biochemical indices. A health-saving program was proposed and tested, including an organisational, training and monitoring unit. Results. The health status assessment of the workers of the studied enterprise showed the structure of morbidity to be formed by cardiovascular pathology, diseases of the spine and joints, respiratory organs, the psycho-emotional sphere, endocrinopathy, reaching almost 70%. More than half of the employees are overweight against the background of an unbalanced and irrational diet, a low level of physical activity, and lipid metabolism disorders. The introduction and testing of a preventive program developed on principles of health saving contributed to improving the health of employees and reducing morbidity. Conclusion. The recommended set of health-saving measures contributed to optimising working environment conditions, correcting the state of health of employees, and prolongation of labour longevity.

scholarly journals Hygienic Evaluation of Working Conditions of the Process of Mechanical Processing of PET Bottle

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-138
Author(s):  
Olha Malyshevska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Technological Process ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Polymer Processing ◽  
The Body ◽  
Labor Process ◽  
Mechanical Processing ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Polymer Waste ◽  
Processing Polymer

Polymer processing belongs to the category of hazardous industries and requires a deep and comprehensive analysis of the production environment from a hygienic point of view in order to minimize the negative impact on human health and components of the biosphere. The purpose of the study. It is important to study a set of adverse factors that affect employees in the process of processing polymer waste, to establish the relationship with the development of general and occupational diseases. Results and discussion. It has been established that the working conditions of the process of processing polymer waste have a combined effect on the body caused by a set of adverse production factors of different actions. The main ones are: dust in the air of the working area with polymer dust with mixed and unstable composition over time, noise, cooling microclimate, difficulty of work. The excess of maximum permissible concentration for dust load on the body of workers in the process of mechanical processing of PPV is from 1.35 times to 1.74 times, at the workplaces of the baler and shredder and unloading-packing operator (working conditions class 3.1). Exceedance of the sound pressure level in the range from 2 dBA to 15 dBA was recorded at all workplaces (working conditions class 3.2). The parameters of the microclimate at all workplaces, except for the forklift operator, belong to the harmful class of working conditions 3.1. According to the severity of the labor process, the working conditions of employees vary from allowable 2 (operator of the technological process) to harmful 3.2 (baler and shredder operator). In terms of intensity, the working conditions of all employees belong to harmful class 3.2, due to the significant noise load, which prevents the capture and transmission of information between participants in the processing process, as well as timely receipt of audio signals from the process operator and equipment. Mostly working conditions of employees in the process of processing PPV mixtures belong to class 3.2, except for the forklift operator (class 3.4). As for the integrated assessment, according to the hygienic classification, working conditions of operators of unloading-packing, crushing, technological process and baler are evaluated according to class 3.2, and the truck operator - 3.4 according to state sanitary rules and regulations "Hygienic classification of labor according to the indicators of harmfulness and danger and the intensity of the labor process" (order of the Ministry of Health dated 08.04.2014 No.248,), which can lead to the development of work-related diseases

scholarly journals O ESTRESSE DO PROFESSOR: estudo acerca da corporeidade em profissionais da educação básica

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 280
Author(s):  
Luiz Anselmo Menezes Santos ◽  
Viviane Menezes Vidal
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Teaching Profession ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
The Body ◽  
Professional Recognition ◽  
Stress Study ◽  
La Red ◽  
High Level

TEACHER OF STRESS: study about corporality in professionals of basic educationEL ESTRÉS DEL PROFESOR: estudio acerca de la corporeidad en profesionales de la educación básicaO presente estudo tem como objetivo investigar como professores que atuam no ensino fundamental da educação básica da rede pública de Aracaju lidam com os fatores estressantes no exercício da docência como: a falta de reconhecimento profissional, poucas horas de descanso, má alimentação, insatisfação, tensão, ansiedade, dentre outros problemas que ocasionam a elevação do nível de estresse, chegando ao esgotamento físico. Para tanto, realizamos uma pesquisa descritiva, de abordagem qualitativa, com a utilização de questionários e registro das condições de trabalho, com o intuito de saber qual a visão de corpo dos docentes e como eles percebem sua corporeidade. A partir do que constatamos na análise dos dados, pode-se concluir que os resultados são relevantes, já que a maioria dos pesquisados reclamam das condições de trabalho, da má remuneração, sentem desgaste físico constante, sentem o corpo cansado, dolorido, pesado ou tenso. Poucos fazem alguma atividade física, sentem-se pessoas estressadas, não conhecem nenhum método de relaxamento. Portanto, pode-se concluir que a maioria dos professores investigados apresentam os fatores estressantes descritos na literatura, bem como demonstram possuir diferentes visões de corpo, prevalecendo ainda uma concepção psicofísica, dualista e mecânica do corpo.Palavras-chave: Corporeidade; Docência; Estresse Ocupacional; Educação Básica.ABSTRACTThis study aims to investigate how teachers working in elementary school of basic education Aracaju from public deal with the stressors in the teaching profession as the lack of professional recognition, a few hours of rest, poor diet, dissatisfaction, stress , anxiety, among other problems that cause the high level of stress, even to exhaustion. Thus, we performed a descriptive, qualitative approach, using questionnaires and record of working conditions, in order to know which body view of teachers and how they perceive their corporeality. From what we see in the data analysis, it can be concluded that the results are relevant, since the majority of respondents complain about working conditions, poor pay, feel constant physical stress, feel the body tired, aching, heavy or tense. Few do some physical activity, they feel stressed people do not know any method of relaxation. Therefore it can be concluded that most teachers investigated presents stressful factors described in the literature and shown to possess different body views, still prevailing psychophysical design, dualistic and streamlined body.Keywords: Corporality; Teaching; Occupational Stress; Burnout.RESUMENEl presente estudio tiene como objetivo investigar cómo los profesores que actúan en la enseñanza fundamental de la educación básica de la red pública de Aracaju lidian con los factores estresantes en el ejercicio de la docencia como: la falta de reconocimiento profesional, pocas horas de descanso, mala alimentación, insatisfacción, tensión, ansiedad, entre otros problemas que ocasionan la elevación del nivel de estrés, llegando al agotamiento físico. Para ello, realizamos una investigación descriptiva, de abordaje cualitativo, con la utilización de cuestionarios y registro de las condiciones de trabajo, con el fin de saber cuál es la visión de cuerpo de los docentes y cómo perciben su corporeidad. A partir de lo que constatamos en el análisis de los datos, se puede concluir que los resultados son relevantes, ya que la mayoría de los encuestados reclaman de las condiciones de trabajo, de la mala remuneración, sienten desgaste físico constante, sienten el cuerpo cansado, dolorido, pesado o pesado (En inglés). Pocos hacen alguna actividad física, se sienten personas estresadas, no conocen ningún método de relajación. Por lo tanto, se puede concluir que la mayoría de los profesores investigados presentan los factores estresantes descritos en la literatura, así como demuestran poseer diferentes visiones de cuerpo, prevaleciendo aún una concepción psicofísica, dualista y mecánica del cuerpo.Palabras clave: Corporeidad; Docencia; Estrés Ocupacionales; Educación Básica.

scholarly journals Justification of regional development of industrial enterprises in the plane of their financial support: experience of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4(58)) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Tetiana Dedilova ◽  
Iaroslava Levchenko ◽  
Oleksandr Nosyriev ◽  
Svitlana Osypova
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
General Structure ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Industrial Complexes ◽  
Technological Base ◽  
High Level

The object of research is the regional industry of Ukraine. In the sectoral context, the general structure of the regional industry is significantly deformed, and the strategic and sectoral guidelines of economic policy are blurred, which makes it difficult to restore the economic growth of the country as a whole. The industrial potential is concentrated mainly in traditional industrial regions. The development of industry is hampered by the worn-out state of the technical and technological base of production, a high level of staff turnover, an insignificant percentage of the production of high-tech products, a lack of institutions for innovative development, and similar factors. The complexity of the procedures for financing the processes of industrial development is mediated by the innovative activity of its subjects. The processing industry is the central center of innovation in the industry. Among the sources of financing for innovations, enterprises’ own funds prevail. It  is substantiated that the main directions of regional development of industrial enterprises in terms of financial support for their functioning are support and encouragement of innovation, measures to increase the competitiveness of industrial products, internationalization and support for exports. It is proved that the regions of the country unevenly use the mechanisms of investment support for industry, depending on the characteristics of the development of the regional economy. This necessitates the creation of investment mechanisms aimed at ensuring the management of the competitiveness of regional industrial complexes on the basis of the development and implementation of innovations. A multichannel investment mechanism has been proposed to ensure a full-fledged infusion of financial resources from several sources as an effective tool for financial influence on the development of industrial enterprises. It is noted that among the directions of development of industrial management should remain both traditional measures to support domestic producers (state regional purchases) and alternative (financial leasing, initial placement of securities, joint investment). For a separate direction of industrial development, it is recommended that state support of cluster interregional initiatives based on the use of leading European experience. The highlighted areas are relevant for potential foreign partners who intend to carry out joint business with Ukrainian industrial enterprises. Also, the indicated research results are significant in the process of attracting investments at the regional level and have practical value for foreign investors when they consider a portfolio of alternatives to foreign direct investment in Ukrainian industrial facilities.

scholarly journals Formation of working conditions and the problems of hygienic assessment of industrial environmental factors in railway tunnels

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (12) ◽  
pp. 1145-1149
Author(s):  
Galina V. Kurenkova ◽  
E. P. Lemeshevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
The Body ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
The North

Tunnels are an integral part of the ways and artificial constructions of the railway. Objective assessment of working conditions is important, because current regulations fail to allow to give a definite hygienic assessment of some factors of the production environment of the tunnels. Objective: to reveal the peculiarities of the formation of working conditions in railway tunnels with the subsequent hygienic assessment for the development of preventive measures. Measurement of the factors of working process and working environment is carried out with the use of the certified equipment for the approved the hygienic and sanitary-chemical methods in workplaces in tunnels of the East-Siberian railway. Specific conditions were shown to be formed due to constructive solutions, climate and geographical location, the length of railway tunnels, the composition of the rocks through which the tunnel, the nature of the maintenance tunnels, ventilation system, repetition rate and type of passing rolling stock. All employees from occupational groups from examined tunnels were established to be exposed to high concentrations of aerosols with predominantly fibrogenic action, noise levels, adverse climate (low positive and negative temperatures, high relative humidity and mobility of air), the lack of natural lighting, low levels of artificial light, hard exertion of labor (dynamic physical load, working position, the slopes of the body, movement in space). Additionally, high levels of the vibration, nonionizing and ionizing radiation were typical for jobs of the Baikal and the North-Muya tunnel. There is proposed the algorithm of hygienic assessment of the microclimate, light environment at the working places depending on the time of the works in the underground conditions and constructional features of tunnels, methods of accounting personnel dose rates from natural sources.

scholarly journals Improving the methodology for assessing occupational risk in workers under the influence of physical factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (9) ◽  
pp. 975-979
Author(s):  
Alla V. Zheglova
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Noise And Vibration ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Early Signs

Introduction. One of the main factors shaping the health of the working population is occupation conditions. According to official statistics, about a quarter of employees are exposed to production factors that do not meet sanitary standards. Materials and methods. A study of the working conditions and health of workers of the leading professional groups of mining and mechanical engineering enterprises, including an assessment of the occupational doses of noise and vibration, was conducted; morbidity with a temporary disability (TDA), occupational morbidity, clinical and laboratory indicators, including the leading indicators of hemodynamics, integral indicators of the cardiovascular system, the rate of acceleration of ageing, types of adaptive reactions of the body, the analysis of endothelin concentration, the state of the antioxidant status and lipid spectrum, indicators of rheovasography and stimulation electroneuromyography of the extremities, bone-dystrophic changes according to radiography and ultrasound bone sonometry, psychological testing data. Results. The main harmful factors of working conditions of workers of the leading professional groups of mining and machine-building enterprises are noise, vibration (general and local), and the labour process’s severity. According to the results of the analysis of the incidence of TDA, diseases of risk at all studied enterprises are the pathology of the respiratory and musculoskeletal systems. The first rank place in the structure of occupational pathology is occupied by vibration disease. An increase in the integral indicators of the cardiovascular system activity, characterizing the tension of adaptive mechanisms in the group of trained workers, was revealed. According to the study, the characteristic early signs of markers of the risk of developing occupational diseases are an increase in the concentration of endothelin and a decrease in the rate of excitation along with the motor and sensory fibres of the peripheral nerves. Conclusion. Based on the results obtained, prevention and rehabilitation programs have been developed, taking into account the calculated probationary doses of noise and vibration, the detected early signs of occupational diseases, aimed at preventing the development of health disorders and restoring damaged functions in workers exposed to physical factors of the production environment.

Characteristics, Features of Development, Regional and Sectoral Determinants of High-tech Business in Russia

2017 ◽  
pp. 142-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Yusupova ◽  
S. Khalimova
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Business Development ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Assessment Data ◽  
High Tech Sector ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
High Level

The paper deals with the research devoted to characteristics of high tech business development in Russia. Companies’ performance indicators have been analyzed with the help of regression analysis and author’s scheme of leadership stability and sustainability assessment. Data provided by Russia’s Fast Growing High-Tech Companies’ National Rating (TechUp) during 2012-2016 were used. The results have revealed that the high tech sector is characterized by high level of uncertainty. Limited number of regions and sectors which form the basis for high tech business have been defined. Relationship between innovation activity’s indicators and export potential is determined.

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