Drawing Direction Effect on a Task’s Performance Characteristics among People with Essential Tremor

Essential tremor (ET) is a common movement disorder affecting the performance of various daily tasks, including drawing. While spiral-drawing task characteristics have been described among patients with ET, research about the significance of the drawing direction of both spiral and lines tasks on the performance process is scarce. This study mapped inter-group differences between people with ET and controls related to drawing directions and the intra-effect of the drawing directions on the tremor level among people with ET. Twenty participants with ET and eighteen without ET drew spirals and vertical and horizontal lines on a digitizer with an inking pen. Time-based outcome measures were gathered to address the effect of the drawing directions on tremor by analyzing various spiral sections and comparing vertical and horizontal lines. Significant group differences were found in deviation of the spiral radius from a filtered radius curve and in deviation of the distance curve from a filtered curve for both line types. Significant differences were found between defined horizontal and vertical spiral sections within each group and between both line types within the ET group. A significant correlation was found between spiral and vertical line deviations from filtered curve outcome measures. Achieving objective measures about the significance of drawing directions on actual performance may support the clinical evaluation of people with ET toward developing future intervention methods for improving their functional abilities.

Study on Microstructure and Properties of Cu-14Fe-0.05C Alloy Prepared by Drawing

Cu-14Fe-0.05C alloy was prepared by using the vacuum melting process and then multipass drawing deformation was performed. The results showed that with rise of drawing strain, iron-rich phases in the Cu-14Fe-0.05C alloy gradually change from irregularly distributed coarse dendritic phases in the as-cast state to slender fibrous ones distributed parallel along the drawing direction. The higher the strain is, the slender and denser the fibers are and the more uniform the distribution is. Moreover, more interfaces are found between copper matrix and iron-rich phases and the hardness and resistivity of the alloy become higher.

Viscosity-Temperature Characteristics and Application of High Borosilicate Glass

Viscosity-temperature characteristics of high borosilicate glass were investigated in detail by means of rotor viscometer and dilatometer. The neck-down deformation process of glass tube was simulated by Polyflow software, and the simulation was verified by the secondary drawing of glass perform. The results showed that the high temperature viscosity of borosilicate glass is higher compared to that of ordinary optical glass. In the high temperature stage, the fitting curves of VFT, AV, AG and MYEGA models are all in good agreement with the tested curve. However, in the low temperature stage, only viscosity fitted by VFT model is close to the tested value. Based on Navier-Stokes equation, a mathematical model of neck-down deformation of glass tube during secondary drawing is established. It is found that viscosity is the key material intrinsic factor affecting neck-down process of glass tube. The distribution of inner and outer diameters of glass tube along the drawing direction is simulated and analyzed under different feeding and drawing rates. The deviation between the steady-state dimension simulated and that actually drawn is only ±0.06 mm.

TURTLE GRAPHICS OF MORPHIC SEQUENCES

The simplest infinite sequences that are not ultimately periodic are pure morphic sequences: fixed points of particular morphisms mapping single symbols to strings of symbols. A basic way to visualize a sequence is by a turtle curve: for every alphabet symbol fix an angle, and then consecutively for all sequence elements draw a unit segment and turn the drawing direction by the corresponding angle. This paper investigates turtle curves of pure morphic sequences. In particular, criteria are given for turtle curves being finite (consisting of finitely many segments), and for being fractal or self-similar: it contains an up-scaled copy of itself. Also space-filling turtle curves are considered, and a turtle curve that is dense in the plane. As a particular result we give an exact relationship between the Koch curve and a turtle curve for the Thue–Morse sequence, where until now for such a result only approximations were known.

High Pressure Torsioning of Cu-9Fe-1.2X(X = Co, Ni, Ag) Microcomposites and their Microstructural and Mechanical Evolution

In this study, strength of Cu-9Fe-1.2X (X 5 Ag or Cr) microcomposite disks obtained HPT(high pressure torsioning) have been investigated. The dendrite arms were aligned along the drawing direction and elongated into filaments. The filament spacings were found to small in Cu-9Fe-1.2Ag compared to those of other microcomposites. The ultimate tensile strength of the Cu-Fe-Ag microcomposites were higher than those of Cu-Fe-Co and Cu-Fe-Ni microcomposites, suggesting the strengthening of the matrix is more effective than the strengthening of the filaments in strengthening the microcomposites. The strength of Cu-Fe-Xi microcomposites increased more rapidly when the finer microstructure was developed by the plastic flow and refinement of filaments by the effect of strong Cu matrix strengthened by Ag atoms. With increase of strain up to 7 rotations, the second phase lamella was observed to be fragmented by HPT rotations and small second phase particles were observed.

Computer Control to Manage Risk of Pedestrian Head Crash Management Systems Based-High Risky Spots

The right panel drawing direction is an important prerequisite for generating qualified parts, an important step before the panel forming simulation is to determine the reasonable direction of the drawing. Manually adjust parts in order to overcome rely on experience, the drawbacks to the drawing direction, the direction of the drawing punch and forming the contact area of the sheet as the goal of Computer Control determination Shortest Path Method. Objective function of the direction of the drawing for the variable contact area in the drawing direction of the feasible region, the use of heritage Shortest Path Methods to optimize the objective function of the contact area and, ultimately feasible within the contact area corresponding to the drawing direction, that is the best drawing direction. The measured results show that the direction of the drawing based on genetic Shortest Path Method, the Computer Control Shortest Path Method can fast and accurate to obtain the optimal direction of drawing.

Automatic Algorithm of Automotive Stamping Direction Based on GA

The right panel drawing direction is an important prerequisite for generating qualified parts, an important step before the panel forming simulation is to determine the reasonable direction of the drawing. Manually adjust parts in order to overcome rely on experience, the drawbacks to the drawing direction, the direction of the drawing punch and forming the contact area of the sheet as the goal of automatic determination algorithm. Objective function of the direction of the drawing for the variable contact area in the drawing direction of the feasible region, the use of heritage algorithms to optimize the objective function of the contact area and, ultimately feasible within the contact area corresponding to the drawing direction, that is the best drawing direction. The measured results show that the direction of the drawing based on genetic algorithm, the automatic algorithm can fast and accurate to obtain the optimal direction of drawing.