A clinical case of concurrent mycoplasma pneumonia and dengue hemorrhagic fever in a tourist from Thailand

The article describes a clinical case of concurrent infectious diseases - dengue hemorrhagic fever and mycoplasma pneumonia in a patient who came back from the area endemic for dengue fever. Further, the patient was diagnosed with clostridial colitis which was the complication. Clinical, laboratory, and radiological parameters used in the diagnosis of diseases were evaluated.

Acute Effects of Ambient Air Pollution on Lower Respiratory Infections in Guangzhou Children of China

Daily concentrations of air pollution are associated with lower respiratory diseases. We investigated the short-term association of ambient air pollution with daily hospital admissions due to pneumonia among children aged 0−17 in Guangzhou city of China. Ambient air pollutants were all positively associated with children hospital admissions due to pneumonia of all ages. Significant associations were found for air pollutants except for inhalable particulate matter (PM) \(\le\)10 µm in aerodynamic diameter (PM10) in children of all ages. Increments of an interquartile range (IQR) (279.10µg/m3 and 28.42µg/m3, respectively) in the 7-day-average level of carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were associated with a 26.17% (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.40%-56.98%) and 25.09% (95%CI 0.54%-55.64%) increase in pneumonia hospitalizations for children aged 6−17, respectively. An IQR increase in CO concentrations was associated with a 15.15% (95%CI 4.34%-27.08%) increase in pneumonia hospitalizations for children aged 1−5. Daily cases of microbial detection for pneumonia were positively associated with daily NO2 concentration. The pneumonia hospitalizations due to Mycoplasma pneumonia, Flu A virus and Flu B virus, the predominant pathogenic microorganisms detected in children aged 0−5 are apparently associated with levels of PMs, CO, NO2 and O3.

Ultrasound Studies On Mycoplasma Bronchopneumonia

Background Pediatric bronchopneumonia represents a clinical challenge, especially when it comes to the identification of its etiology. We performed a retrospective study on 100 patients admitted to our pediatric department. Only patients with bronchopneumonic thickening were selected, discharged with a diagnosis of Community - Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) or bronchopneumonia. The purpose of our study was to identify Mycoplasma pneumonia based on lung ultrasound (LUS) findings. Methods At least two lung LUS were performed on each patient: on admission and few days after start of therapy, with some patients undergoing a third ultrasound evaluation approximately one week after discharge. These reports were collected for each patient together with clinical and laboratory data. The study population was divided into two groups: patients who tested positive for Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Myc-CAP) and negative ones (non-Myc-CAP). All patients performed serological test for determination of anti-mycoplasma antibodies, and in doubtful cases also molecular test with PCR on pharyngeal exudate. Results The results obtained after statistical analysis showed no significant differences in LUS findings between the two groups, that could allow a positive differential diagnosis of Myc-CAP without resorting to laboratory testing. Conclusions LUS undoubtedly represents a valid and irreplaceable help in the morphological study of pulmonary lesions over the course of disease from the time of admission to follow-up.

A Study Based on Metabolomics, Network Pharmacology, and Experimental Verification to Explore the Mechanism of Qinbaiqingfei Concentrated Pills in the treatment of Mycoplasma Pneumonia

Qinbaiqingfei concentrated pills (QB) are a commonly used medicine for the treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia in China, and the mechanism of action of QB needs to be studied further. Therefore, we use a combination of metabolomics and network pharmacology to clarify the mechanism of QB. Nontarget metabolomics studies were performed on rat serum, urine, and lung tissues, and 56 therapeutic biomarkers were found. Subsequently, the components of QB absorbed into the blood and lung tissues were clarified, and based on this finding, the core target of network pharmacology was predicted. The enrichment analysis of biomarkers–genes finally confirmed their close relationship with the NF-κB signaling pathway. By western blotting expression of the proteins in the lung tissue–related signaling pathways, it is finally confirmed that QB inhibits the NF-κB signaling pathway through SIRT1, IL-10 and MMP9, CTNNB1, EGFR, and other targets. It plays a role in regulating immunity, regulating metabolism, and treating diseases.

Quantitative CT Comparison between COVID-19 and Mycoplasma Pneumonia Suspected as COVID-19: A Longitudinal Study

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare imaging features between COVID-19 and mycoplasma pneumonia (MP).Materials and Methods: The data of patients with mild COVID-19 and MP who underwent chest computed tomography (CT) examination from February 1, 2020 to April 17, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The Pneumonia-CT-LKM-PP model based on a deep learning algorithm was used to automatically quantify the number, volume, and involved lobes of pulmonary lesions, and longitudinal changes in quantitative parameters were assessed in three CT follow-ups.Results: A total of 10 patients with mild COVID-19 and 13 patients with MP were included in this study. There was no difference in lymphocyte counts at baseline between the two groups (1.43±0.45 vs 1.44±0.50, p=0.279). C-reactive protein levels were significantly higher in MP group than in COVID-19 group (p<0.05). The number, volume, and involved lobes of pulmonary lesions reached a peak in 7-14 days in the COVID-19 group, but there was no peak or declining trend over time in the MP group (p<0.05).Conclusion: Based on the longitudinal changes of quantitative CT, pulmonary lesions peaked at 7-14 days in patients with COVID-19, and this may be useful to distinguish COVID-19 from MP and evaluate curative effects and prognosis.

A 3D-Printed Microfluidic Device for qPCR Detection of Macrolide-Resistant Mutations of Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Mycoplasma pneumonia (MP) is a common respiratory infection generally treated with macrolides, but resistance mutations against macrolides are often detected in mycoplasma pneumoniae in China. Rapid and accurate identification of mycoplasma pneumoniae and its mutant type is necessary for precise medication. This paper presents a 3D-printed microfluidic device to achieve this. By 3D printing, the stereoscopic structures such as microvalves, reservoirs, drainage tubes, and connectors were fabricated in one step. The device integrated commercial polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tubes as PCR chambers. The detection was a sample-to-answer procedure. First, the sample, a PCR mix, and mineral oil were respectively added to the reservoirs on the device. Next, the device automatically mixed the sample with the PCR mix and evenly dispensed the mixed solution and mineral oil into the PCR chambers, which were preloaded with the specified primers and probes. Subsequently, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was carried out with the homemade instrument. Within 80 min, mycoplasma pneumoniae and its mutation type in the clinical samples were determined, which was verified by DNA sequencing. The easy-to-make and easy-to-use device provides a rapid and integrated detection approach for pathogens and antibiotic resistance mutations, which is urgently needed on the infection scene and in hospital emergency departments.

Computed Tomography Image Texture under Feature Extraction Algorithm in the Diagnosis of Effect of Specific Nursing Intervention on Mycoplasma Pneumonia in Children

To evaluate the effect of specific nursing intervention in children with mycoplasma pneumonia (MP), a feature extraction algorithm based on gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) was proposed and combined with computed tomography (CT) image texture features. Then, 98 children with MP were rolled into the observation group with 49 cases (specific nursing) and the control group with 49 cases (routine nursing). CT images based on feature extraction algorithm of optimized GLCM were used to examine the children before and after nursing intervention, and the recovery of the two groups of children was discussed. The results showed that the proportion of lung texture increase, rope shadow, ground glass shadow, atelectasis, and pleural effusion in the observation group (24.11%, 3.86%, 8.53%, 15.03%, and 3.74%) was significantly lower than that in the control group (28.53%, 10.23%, 13.34%, 21.15%, and 8.13%) after nursing ( P < 0.05 ). There were no significant differences in the proportion of small patchy shadows, large patchy consolidation shadows, and bronchiectasis between the observation group and the control group ( P > 0.05 ). In the course of nursing intervention, in the observation group, the disappearance time of cough, normal temperature, disappearance time of lung rales, and absorption time of lung shadow (2.15 ± 0.86 days, 4.81 ± 1.14 days, 3.64 ± 0.55 days, and 5.96 ± 0.62 days) were significantly shorter than those in the control group (2.87 ± 0.95 days, 3.95 ± 1.06 days, 4.51 ± 1.02 days, and 8.14 ± 1.35 days) ( P < 0.05 ). After nursing intervention, the proportion of satisfaction and total satisfaction in the experimental group (67.08% and 28.66%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (40.21% and 47.39%), while the proportion of dissatisfaction (4.26%) was significantly lower than that in the control group (12.4%) ( P < 0.05 ). To sum up, specific nursing intervention was more beneficial to improve the progress of characterization recovery and the overall recovery effect of children with MP relative to conventional nursing. CT image based on feature extraction algorithm of optimized GLCM was of good adoption value in the diagnosis and treatment of MP in children.

Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Shashen Maidong Decoction in the Treatment of Pediatric Mycoplasma Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objective: This study was intended to provide data to support the effect of Shashen Maidong Decoction in improving mycoplasma pneumonia in pediatric patients through systematic evaluation.Methods: PubMed, the Web of Science, EMbase, CNKI, CQVIP, Wan-Fang, and CBM databases were comprehensively searched from established in June 2021. Randomized controlled trials of TRQI were selected by screening the literature and extracting information. The Cochrane RCT Evaluation Manual was used to evaluate the methodological quality of all included studies, and Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 14.0 and Review Manager 5.4 software.Results: A total of 1,127 patients from 12 clinical studies met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis results showed that the treatment group of Shashen Maidong Decoction was able to significantly increase the overall efficiency level and significantly reduce the incidence of adverse reactions, time for disappearance of cough, time for relief of cough, time for defervescence, time for disappearance of lung rales, time for return to normal of chest X-ray, T lymphocyte subpopulation (CD3+) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and other index levels (p &lt; 0.05).Conclusion: Shashen Maidong Decoction has a significant improvement in the levels of relevant indexes in pediatric mycoplasma pneumonia, which provides a basis for the safety and efficacy of pediatric mycoplasma pneumonia. However, due to the small sample size included in the study, the study quality was not high, and more randomized controlled trials of high quality are required for further validation.

Pneumonia Induced Childhood Erythema Multiforme Minor: A Case Report

Erythema multiforme (EM) is an acute mucocutaneous syndrome mediated by hypersensitivity reactions. Symptoms are often mild and self-limiting but have a high recurrency rate. The disease is more prevalent in adolescents and adults, with incidence in childhood often precipitated by infection of herpes simplex virus type 1. However, EM induced by infection of Mycoplasma pneumonia is a rare occurrence. This paper reports a case of pneumonia induced EM in a 5-year-old child with a typical clinical feature supported by laboratory and chest X-ray features that were confirmed with histopathology. The patient showed significant clinical improvements after antibiotic therapy.