Rootstocks Genotypes Impact on Tree Development and Industrial Properties of ‘Valencia’ Sweet Orange Juice

The low diversification of rootstock genotypes in orchards limits the expansion of the citrus industry, restricting increases in productivity and cost-saving via phytosanitary treatments and other horticultural practices. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the impact of rootstock genotypes on tree development and industrial properties of ‘Valencia’ sweet orange juice (Citrus sinensis). Twenty rootstock genotypes were evaluated by measuring tree growth and industrial properties of orange juices, including ‘Trifoliata’ hybrids with tangerine (citrandarins) and grapefruit (citrumelos), as well ‘Rangpur’ lime and other potential rootstocks. The experimental orchard was planted in Rancho Alegre, PR, Brazil, under clay soil and subtropical rainfed conditions. A randomized block design with four replicates was used. Trees grown on IPEACS–239 and IPEACS–256 citrandarins, and on ‘US–802’ pummelo hybrid had low vigor, high production efficiency and high industrial properties of orange juice, and are therefore potential alternatives for high-density plantings. The F.80–3 and F.80–5 citrumelos also had good dwarfing potential and high production efficiency, but lower industrial properties of juice compared to the other ‘Trifoliata’ hybrid rootstocks. Trees grown on ‘US–812’ citrandarin rootstock had low vigor, good productive performance, accumulated production and production efficiency similar to ‘Rangpur’ lime, and high industrial properties of juices. Although the ‘Rangpur’ lime and the ‘Florida’ rough lemon allowed high yields, the trees are very vigorous, with low-quality fruits. A Quick Reference Chart was created to provide practical and objective identification of the best rootstock alternatives for ‘Valencia’ orange trees in terms of tree development and industrial properties of juices.

Electrospinning of Nanofibrous Membrane and Its Applications in Air Filtration: A Review

Air pollution caused by particulate matter and toxic gases is violating individual’s health and safety. Nanofibrous membrane, being a reliable filter medium for particulate matter, has been extensively studied and applied in the field of air purification. Among the different fabrication approaches of nanofibrous membrane, electrospinning is considered as the most favorable and effective due to its advantages of controllable process, high production efficiency, and low cost. The electrospun membranes, made of different materials and unique structures, exhibit good PM2.5 filtration performance and multi-functions, and are used as masks and filters against PM2.5. This review presents a brief overview of electrospinning techniques, different structures of electrospun nanofibrous membranes, unique characteristics and functions of the fabricated membranes, and summarization of the outdoor and indoor applications in PM filtration.

Adaptive Automobile Seat Design Based on Ergonomic Principle

In order to improve the comfort of automobile seat, it is necessary to analyse and study the design method of automobile seat. A design method of adaptive automobile seat based on ergonomics principle is proposed. The height, width, depth, backrest, seat inclination and backrest inclination of automobile seat as well as the sitting posture physiology and body pressure distribution of human body are analysed. The frame of automobile seat is designed by using aluminium alloy in PROE software, the size of the energy absorption of headrest, cushion and seat are determined according to national regulations. By analyzing the back force, pillow force, seat belt force and seat belt locking, the force of automobile seat, the strength of back, head pillow and seat cushion of automobile seat are designed and the design of adaptive automobile seat is completed. The experimental results show that the proposed method has high comfort, low processing cost and high production efficiency.

Design and Implementation of Welding Robot Based on PLC

With the development of the revolutionary tide of new technology, our production scale is gradually expanding. Manual production has been unable to meet the requirements of industrial production. In order to improve production efficiency and welding quality, we developed a welding robot. Because it has the characteristics of high production efficiency, stable welding quality and large practical demand. It is developing most rapidly. With the development of PLC technology, we gradually apply it to the development of welding robot. Its advantages of good ductility, low cost and convenient maintenance can bring great value to industrial production.

Synthesis of phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin for fast manufacturing laminated veneer lumber (LVL)

Phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin is a well-tried adhesive for manufacturing laminated veneer lumber (LVL). PF has a high bonding strength, good cold pressing property and contributes a lot to the high production efficiency of LVL. In the present paper, PFs were synthesized at three different alkaline condition levels with a molar formaldehyde to phenol (F/P) ratio of 2.25. The bonding strength of PFs was not influenced by the alkalinity. Compared with PFs synthesized under alkalinity of 1 and 4%, PF with 8% alkalinity formed a resin with a high mole mass (MM), uniform mole mass distribution (MMD) and a high cross-linking density. With PF8%, the cold pressing property could be shortened from 30 to 12 min in the winter time. Cured PF8%had a higher cross-linking density than PF1%and PF4%. PF8%has a high potential for industrial production of LVL.

Wykorzystanie czynników produkcji w gospodarstwach specjalizujących się w chowie bydła rzeźnego w wybranych krajach Unii Europejskiej

The aim of the study was to assess the use of production factors in farms specializing in production of cattle for fattening in six countries, which are the biggest producers of beef in the EU-15 (in France, Germany, Italy, Great Britain, Spain and Ireland) and in two countries included in the EU N13 (in Poland and Romania). The research used FADN EU average data in 2010-2015. The productivity and profitability of production factors, the economic efficiency of production and the dependence of farms on subsidies were examined. The results indicate an advantage of beef producers in Italy, Spain, Romania and Poland. In farms in France, Germany, Great Britain and Ireland, the costs were higher than the value production, as a result the income was a negative value. The loss was covered by subsidies, which also influenced the amount of income, but its level did not result from high production efficiency.

ROLE OF LEADER IN THE MANAGEMENT OF CONFLICTS IN THE TEAM

This article examines the nature and significance of the conflict in the team. The role of leader in conflict resolution within the team. Practical recommendations for the prevention of conflict, its prevention and relaxation. Analyzed the positive and negative features conflictive. Identified psychological conditions and techniques including conflict prevention in a group. Make suggestions on choosing the best methods of conflict management in collective activity in modern conditions. Defined the role of conflict in the life of the individual, family, group, state, society and humanity in general. The role of leader is very important, as it depends on him peace and harmony in the team, its development, progress and effectiveness of the organization. Therefore the main task of managers at any level should lie to focus on improving their own skills, raising a suitable quality, gaining experience successful conduct of management, which is a guarantee of high production efficiency and competitiveness.

Development of a form rolling micro surface texturing system for friction reduction application in the shaft component

Surface texture is one of the most promising methods to achieve friction reduction in the mechanical components, and it has been rapidly developed in the last decade. The friction reduction mechanism of regularly patterned surface texture is widely considered to be lubricant retention and debris entrapment. There are many ways to manufacture micro surface texture, among which deformed-based micro-surface texturing is the least studied. However, it has many unique advantages that cannot be surpassed by the rest, such as high production efficiency, fine geometrical fidelity and smooth surface finishing. Therefore, this study aims at developing a deformation-based low-cost micro form-rolling machine to create micro surface texture on the cylindrical component. A new demonstrator for examining the friction reduction efficiency of the micro surface texture has also been built and tested. Results show that the shaft with micro surface texture is able to reach a maximum of 48.1% friction reduction at rotation speed 400 r/min with lubricant SAE30 compared to the non-textured workpiece with the same condition.