Penerapan Metode Eksperimen Berbantu Puzzle Picture Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Materi Organ Pernapasan Manusia

This study aims to describe the application of the puzzle picture-assisted experimental method to improve the learning outcomes of the human breathing apparatus for grade 5A students at SD Negeri Bintoro 5 in semester 1 of the 2019/2020 academic year.This research is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) consisting of 2 cycles, each cycle through stages, namely: planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The subjects of this study were students of class 5A SD Negeri Bintoro 5 Demak, totaling 38 students. Data collection techniques using test and observation techniques. The instruments used in data collection were in the form of evaluation test questions at the end of the cycle and observation sheets. Data analysis used quantitative and qualitative descriptive.The results of the study showed that there was an increase in learning outcomes for human respiratory equipment through the application of the experimental method assisted by the puzzle picture media in 5A grade students of SD Negeri Bintoro 5 in the 2019/2020 school year. The increase in the average value of student learning outcomes from the pre-cycle of 58 to 69 in the first cycle and increased to 80 in the second cycle. The percentage of students' completeness also increased from 10 students (26%) in the pre-cycle to 22 students (66%) in the first cycle and 36 students (95%) in the second cycle.

VERIFICATION OF TACTICAL AND TECHNICAL DATA OF THE BREATHING APPARATUS

The function of the breathing apparatus is to protect the health of firefighters in a harmful and non-respirable environment. Closed-circuit breathing apparatus provides members of the Fire and Rescue Service with respiratory protection in the elimination of adverse events in tunnels and underground spaces. The MSA 4h Air Elite is a four-hour self-contained breathing apparatus that operates on the principle of generating oxygen by an exothermic reaction of potassium hyperoxide. Each breathing apparatus has its tactical technical parameters. We verified the tactical and technical data of the MSA AIRE ELITE by the experiment they participated in the firefighter. Each firefighter was equally coupled. An MSA Air Elite was used during the experiment. Tactical-technical data reported by the manufacturer varies in some points with the practical results that we have managed to obtain. The manufacturer's largest deviations in tactical and technical data and practical results are mainly in the length of work activity, temperature in use in intervention, and air consumption. According to our experiment, the MSA 4h Air Elite breathing apparatus does not last in the working activity 240 minutes as it discloses a manufacturer, but on the other hand, this time-inconsistency may be caused by the intensity of training and demanding of the training track.

Toroidal uniformly stressed pressure vessel shell formed by the meridian and ring filament winding

The paper outlines the prospects for the use of composite toroidal high-pressure cylinders for the breathing apparatus of the Ministry of Emergency Situations, fire brigades, industrial workers, which are more ergonomic in comparison with their cylindrical counterparts. Relying on the analytical solution of the equilibrium equations, we determined the shape of the cross-section of toroidal shells reinforced along the meridians and representing intersecting loop-like curves that form an infinitely long corrugated pipe. The study introduces a solution for a toroidal composite pressure vessel formed by the intersection of the upper and lower branches of the shell, reinforced along the meridians, and a profiled ring layer of filaments installed at the point of their intersection. The parameters of the toroidal uniformly stressed pressure vessel shell made by ring and meridian filament winding are calculated.

The potential air flow through diver’s breathing apparatus

The gas admission through the divers' breathing apparatus is done with a critical flow. The gas storage pressure is reduced to the value of the external pressure 𝑝𝑒 . The paper approaches the gas-dynamic phenomena that occur when the gas flows through the second stage regulator, respectively: the variable restrictor A (between the seat and the cylindrical piston) and the fixed restrictor B (the orifice of cylindrical piston). The two main pressure restrictors can be considered Laval nozzles. Mathematical modeling of airflow through restrictors was done following the notions of the theory of potential gas flow through tubes and nozzles. The air flow was calculated numerically and by CFD simulation and was experimentally verified at a professional stand for the second stage.

Ideas and perspectives: Ushering the Indian Ocean into the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (UNDOSSD) through marine ecosystem research and operational services – an early career's take

The Indian Ocean Rim hosts many of the world's underdeveloped and emerging economies that depend on the ocean resources for the livelihoods of the populations of millions. Operational ocean information services cater to the requirements of managers and end-users to efficiently harness those resources and to ensure safety. Fishery information is not the only operational service that will be needed to empower such communities in the coming decades. Coral bleaching alerts, SCUBA (self-contained underwater breathing apparatus)-assisting advisories, conservation or ecotourism assisting services (e.g. TurtleWatch or WhaleWatch), poaching and/or by-catch reduction support and jellyfish, micro-plastic and oil spill watching to name a few, but not an exhaustive list, of the services that are needed operationally. This paper outlines the existing tools and explores the ongoing research that has potential to convert the findings into operational services in near- to midterm.

Breathe: Re-Defining the Urban Breathing Apparatus

As a speculative vision of the future, the Urban Breathing Apparatus was designed to challenge thoughts on the hermetically sealed building. Architecture has been struggling for the ultimate hermetic seal since the introduction of air conditioning systems (artificial breathing apparatus), focusing more on the physical seal (skin) of the building and less about the immaterial substance inside, air. The urban fabric needs to be reconceptualized. A new way of thinking is needed for the static, hermetic seals of modern buildings as breathable thresholds, through principles of biological and technological processes to metabolize the contaminated interior and exterior air.

Breathe: Re-Defining the Urban Breathing Apparatus

As a speculative vision of the future, the Urban Breathing Apparatus was designed to challenge thoughts on the hermetically sealed building. Architecture has been struggling for the ultimate hermetic seal since the introduction of air conditioning systems (artificial breathing apparatus), focusing more on the physical seal (skin) of the building and less about the immaterial substance inside, air. The urban fabric needs to be reconceptualized. A new way of thinking is needed for the static, hermetic seals of modern buildings as breathable thresholds, through principles of biological and technological processes to metabolize the contaminated interior and exterior air.