FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF FAST DISSOLVING TABLET OF ATENOLOL BY DIRECT COMPRESSION METHOD

Finally in the project work Atenolol is an anti-hypertensive drug. It has been formulated into fast dissolving tablets by direct compression method by using the Excipients like lactose, sucrose magnesium stearate, sodium lauryl and sulphate and many type super disintegrates such as crosscarmellose and sodium starch glycolate and the prepared by the tablets were evaluated for the pre-compression parameter such as angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, % index, Hausners ratio, partition coefficients, melting points, UV spectroscopy, % assay, TLC, loss on drying and post compression parameter such as thickness, hardness, friability, drugs contents, weight variation, water absorbance ratio, Invitro disintegrating time , Invitro dissolution studies. All the parameter shows good results. FDTs are prepared by direct compression method are results found to be that the among of nine formulation as the F9 to be best as its shows 87.10% (direct compression method) maximum drug release respectively. The stability testing of manufactured tablets have being at 400 c having 75% relativity humidity for 1month and found to be stable. Prepared fast dissolving tablets of Atenolol 10 mg was found to be under fasting federal condition.

The Study of Effects of Aggregates on C.B.R. Value

In engineering practice, the earth construction requires the compaction of the existing subgrade by improving the density and strength of the data. All types of earth structures, i.e., highways, pavements, etc., rest directly on the soil beneath them. The safety of these entities depends upon the strength/bearing capacity of the soil over which these are constructed. Therefore, a proper analysis of the soil properties and the design of their compression parameter become necessary to ensure that these structures remain stable and are safe against unequal settlements. To determine the suitability of any soil type for use as subgrade, subbase, or base material, one of the parameters generally used is the California bearing ratio (C.B.R.). The coarse aggregates available as a reinforcing material can enhance soil properties and increase its C.B.R. value. This paper will study the effects of coarse aggregates on the C.B.R. value, determine suitable size range of aggregates with their percentage, and their application for the earth structures. Keywords: Soil, CBR, Aggregate, Compaction, pavement.

Constructing Steklov-type cubature formulas for a finite element in the shape of a bipyramid

This paper reports the construction of cubature formulas for a finite element in the form of a bipyramid, which have a second algebraic order of accuracy. The proposed formulas explicitly take into consideration the parameter of bipyramid deformation, which is important when using irregular grids. The cubature formulas were constructed by applying two schemes for the location of interpolation nodes along the polyhedron axes: symmetrical and asymmetrical. The intervals of change in the elongation (compression) parameter of a bipyramid semi-axis have been determined, within which interpolation nodes of the constructed formulas belong to the integration region, while the weight coefficients are positive, which warrants the stability of calculations based on these cubature formulas. If the deformation parameter of the bipyramid is equal to unity, then both cubature formulas hold for the octahedron and have a third algebraic order of accuracy. The resulting formulas make it possible to find elements of the local stiffness matrix on a finite element in the form of a bipyramid. When calculating with a finite number of digits, a rounding error occurs, which has the same order for each of the two cubature formulas. The intervals of change in the elongation (compression) parameter of the bipyramid semi-axis have been determined, which meet the requirements, which are employed in the ANSYS software package, for deviations in the volume of the bipyramid from the volume of the octahedron. Among the constructed cubature formulas for a bipyramid, the optimal formula in terms of the accuracy of calculations has been chosen, derived from applying a symmetrical scheme of the arrangement of nodes relative to the center of the bipyramid. This formula is invariant in relation to any affinity transformations of the local bipyramid coordinate system. The constructed cubature formulas could be included in libraries of methods for approximate integration used by those software suites that implement the finite element method.

Compression of medical images by quaternionic wavelet transform

Technological developments for several years have resulted in the handling (storing, exchanging or processing) of increasingly important data in various fields and particularly in medical field. In this works we present a new image compression / decompression algorithm based on the quaternion wavelet transform (QWT). This algorithm is simple, fast and efficient. It has been applied to medical images. The results obtained after decompression are appreciated through the compression parameter values of CR, PSNR, and MSE and by visual observation. By the values of these parameters, the results of the algorithm are considered encouraging.

Lossy compression of Earth system model data based on a hierarchical tensor with Adaptive-HGFDR (v1.0)

Lossy compression has been applied to the data compression of large-scale Earth system model data (ESMD) due to its advantages of a high compression ratio. However, few lossy compression methods consider both global and local multidimensional coupling correlations, which could lead to information loss in data approximation of lossy compression. Here, an adaptive lossy compression method, adaptive hierarchical geospatial field data representation (Adaptive-HGFDR), is developed based on the foundation of a stream compression method for geospatial data called blocked hierarchical geospatial field data representation (Blocked-HGFDR). In addition, the original Blocked-HGFDR method is also improved from the following perspectives. Firstly, the original data are divided into a series of data blocks of a more balanced size to reduce the effect of the dimensional unbalance of ESMD. Following this, based on the mathematical relationship between the compression parameter and compression error in Blocked-HGFDR, the control mechanism is developed to determine the optimal compression parameter for the given compression error. By assigning each data block an independent compression parameter, Adaptive-HGFDR can capture the local variation of multidimensional coupling correlations to improve the approximation accuracy. Experiments are carried out based on the Community Earth System Model (CESM) data. The results show that our method has higher compression ratio and more uniform error distributions compared with ZFP and Blocked-HGFDR. For the compression results among 22 climate variables, Adaptive-HGFDR can achieve good compression performances for most flux variables with significant spatiotemporal heterogeneity and fast changing rate. This study provides a new potential method for the lossy compression of the large-scale Earth system model data.

Doubly-adaptive artificial compression methods for incompressible flow

This report presents adaptive artificial compression methods in which the time-step and artificial compression parameter ε are independently adapted. The resulting algorithms are supported by analysis and numerical tests. The first and second-order methods are embedded. As a result, the computational, cognitive, and space complexities of the adaptive ε, k algorithms are negligibly greater than that of the simplest, first-order, constant ε, constant k artificial compression method.

Second-Order Masked Lookup Table Compression Scheme

Masking by lookup table randomisation is a well-known technique used to achieve side-channel attack resistance for software implementations, particularly, against DPA attacks. The randomised table technique for first- and second-order security requires about m•2n bits of RAM to store an (n,m)-bit masked S-box lookup table. Table compression helps in reducing the amount of memory required, and this is useful for highly resource-constrained IoT devices. Recently, Vadnala (CT-RSA 2017) proposed a randomised table compression scheme for first- and second-order security in the probing leakage model. This scheme reduces the RAM memory required by about a factor of 2l, where l is a compression parameter. Vivek (Indocrypt 2017) demonstrated an attack against the second-order scheme of Vadnala. Hence achieving table compression at second and higher orders is an open problem.In this work, we propose a second-order secure randomised table compression scheme which works for any (n,m)-bit S-box. Our proposal is a variant of Vadnala’s scheme that is not only secure but also significantly improves the time-memory trade-off. Specifically, we improve the online execution time by a factor of 2n−l. Our proposed scheme is proved 2-SNI secure in the probing leakage model. We have implemented our method for AES-128 on a 32-bit ARM Cortex processor. We are able to reduce the memory required to store a randomised S-box table for second-order AES-128 implementation to 59 bytes.

Adaptive lossy compression of climate model data based on hierarchical tensor with Adaptive-HGFDR (v1.0)

Lossy compression has been applied to large-scale experimental model data compression due to its advantages of a high compression ratio. However, few methods consider the uneven distribution of compression errors affecting compression quality. Here we develop an adaptive lossy compression method with the stable compression error for earth system model data based on Hierarchical Geospatial Field Data Representation (HGFDR). We extended the original HGFDR by firstly dividing the original data into a series of the local block according to the exploratory experiment to maximize the local correlations of the data. After that, from the mathematical model of the HGFDR, the relationship between the compression parameter and compression error in HGFDR for each block is analyzed and calculated. Using optimal compression parameter selection rule and an adaptive compression algorithm, our method, the Adaptive-HGFDR, achieved the data compression under the constraints that the compression error is as stable as possible through each dimension. Experiments concerning model data compression are carried out based on the Community Earth System Model (CESM) data. The results show that our method has higher compression ratio and more uniform error distributions, compared with other commonly used lossy compression methods, such as the Fixed-Rate Compressed Floating-Point Arrays method.

Compressive properties of Min-mod-type limiters in modelling shockwave-containing flows

The long-ignored compressive properties of Min-mod-type limiter is investigated in this manuscript by demonstrating its potential in numerically modelling shockwave-containing flows, especially in shock wave/boundary layer interaction (SWBLI) problems. Theoretical studies were firstly performed based on Sweby’s total variation diminishing (TVD) limiter region and Spekreijse’s monotonicity-preserving limiter region to indicate Min-mod-type limiters’ compressive properties. The influence of limiters on the solution accuracy was evaluated using a hybrid-order analysis method based on the grid-independent study in three typical shockwave-containing flows. The conclusions are that, Min-mod-type limiter can be utilized as a dissipative and/or compressive limiter, but depending on the reasonable value of the compression parameter. The compressive Min-mod limiter tends to be more attractive in modelling shockwave-containing flows as compared to other commonly preferred limiters because of its stable computational process and its high-resolution predictions. However, the compressive Min-mod limiter may suffer from its slightly poor convergence, as that observed in other commonly accepted smooth limiters in modelling SWBLI problems.