Policy Development Module

The Policy Development Module aims to make the Domestic Violence combatting policy planning process more structured and inclusive. The Checklist and Manual developed during IMPRODOVA research andinnovation project form together a tool designed for Policy drafters, decision-makers and other key professionals responsible for planning the Policy's Feedback Cycle on national and local levels. This PolicyDevelopment tool enables a critical examination of relevant information and helps to consider all viable policy perspectives and tools, leading to increased understanding between different professions. Itmakes the Policy planning more inclusive and aids in engaging all salient stakeholders, including the representatives of the practitioners who work at the front-line and implement the policy. Consequently, theparticipants will develop a common purpose and a shared view on tackling the multidimensional societal challenges posed by Domestic Violence. The Checklist consists of eight sections, each of which shouldbe noted when drafting a new policy document and planning the indicators for its follow-up. The Manual gives more details and practical examples of each section and therefore supports the use of theChecklist.

The AGN fuelling/feedback cycle in nearby radio galaxies - IV. Molecular gas conditions and jet-ISM interaction in NGC 3100

This is the fourth paper of a series investigating the AGN fuelling/feedback processes in a sample of eleven nearby low-excitation radio galaxies (LERGs). In this paper we present follow-up Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of one source, NGC 3100, targeting the 12CO(1-0), 12CO(3-2), HCO+(4-3), SiO(3-2) and HNCO(6-5) molecular transitions. 12CO(1-0) and 12CO(3-2) lines are nicely detected and complement our previous 12CO(2-1) data. By comparing the relative strength of these three CO transitions, we find extreme gas excitation conditions (i.e. Tex ≳ 50 K) in regions that are spatially correlated with the radio lobes, supporting the case for a jet-ISM interaction. An accurate study of the CO kinematics demonstrates that, although the bulk of the gas is regularly rotating, two distinct non-rotational kinematic components can be identified in the inner gas regions: one can be associated to inflow/outflow streaming motions induced by a two-armed spiral perturbation; the second one is consistent with a jet-induced outflow with vmax ≈ 200 km s−1 and $\dot{M}\lesssim 0.12$ M⊙ yr−1. These values indicate that the jet-CO coupling ongoing in NGC 3100 is only mildly affecting the gas kinematics, as opposed to what expected from existing simulations and other observational studies of (sub-)kpc scale jet-cold gas interactions. HCO+(4-3) emission is tentatively detected in a small area adjacent to the base of the northern radio lobe, possibly tracing a region of jet-induced gas compression. The SiO(3-2) and HNCO(6-5) shock tracers are undetected: this - along with the tentative HCO+(4-3) detection - may be consistent with a deficiency of very dense (i.e. ncrit > 106 cm−3) cold gas in the central regions of NGC 3100.

Simulating the Negative Jet Feedback Mechanism in Common Envelope Jet Supernovae

We use the stellar evolution code MESA to study the negative jet feedback mechanism in common envelope jet supernovae (CEJSNe), in which a neutron star (NS) launches jets in the envelope of a red supergiant (RSG). We find that the feedback reduces the mass accretion rate to be χ j ≃ 0.04–0.3 times the mass accretion rate without the operation of jets. We mimic the effect of the jets on the RSG envelope by depositing the energy that the jets carry into the envelope zones outside the NS orbit. The energy deposition inflates the envelope, therefore reducing the density in the NS vicinity, which in turn reduces the mass accretion rate in a negative feedback cycle. In calculating the above values for the negative jet feedback coefficient (the further reduction in the accretion rate) χ j, we adopt the canonical ratio of jet power to actual accretion power of 0.1, and the results of numerical simulations that show the actual mass accretion rate to be a fraction of 0.1–0.5 of the Bondi–Hoyle–Lyttleton mass accretion rate.

JAK INHIBITORS AS A NEW MODALITY FOR TREATING ATOPIC DERMATITIS: A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF ITS EFFICACY AND SAFETY

AD is a chronic relapsing disease characterized by pruritis and chronic inflammatory skin changes, (1) which affects approximately 10–30% of children and as much as 10% of adults worldwide.(2) This condition has a great significant impact on morbidity and presents an outstanding social economic burden.(3) AD is a multifactorial disease that develop by interaction between these factors in a positive feedback cycle. Treatment of AD interrupts the causal pathway. Management with conventional therapies has been a challenge, but a novel biological treatment called dupilumab was recently approved for the treatment of moderate-to-severe AD, but this drug only achieved 40% clear skin in combination with TCs.(4). JAK inhibitors are another new drug family that inhibit JAK-signaling pathways, which involve JAK1, JAK2, JAK3 and TYK2. JAK inhibitors have been approved to treat inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, and high attention is currently being focused on the clinical development of JAK inhibitors for the treatment of AD. Which are a possible treatment for certain disease that are related to lymphocyte activation, such as psoriasis, alopecia areata, vitiligo and AD. JAK inhibitors are available in topical and oral forms, thereby allowing more administration routes depending on the severity of AD, which ranges from mild to severe. Since JAK inhibitors are a new treatment modality in dermatology, the efficacy of this new medicine and the safety thereof are still being debated. A systematic review and meta‐analysis were done for all randomized clinical trials that evaluated JAK inhibitors for Atopic dermatitis to investigate their pooled efficacy and safety compared to placebo. Results might be useful as a milestone to develop a more accurate view of this medication and provide direction for further research.

Deconstructing virus condensation

Viruses have evolved precise mechanisms for using the cellular physiological pathways for their perpetuation. These virus-driven biochemical events must be separated in space and time from those of the host cell. In recent years, granular structures, known for over a century for rabies virus, were shown to host viral gene function and were named using terms such as viroplasms, replication sites, inclusion bodies, or viral factories (VFs). More recently, these VFs were shown to be liquid-like, sharing properties with membrane-less organelles driven by liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) in a process widely referred to as biomolecular condensation. Some of the best described examples of these structures come from negative stranded RNA viruses, where micrometer size VFs are formed toward the end of the infectious cycle. We here discuss some basic principles of LLPS in connection with several examples of VFs and propose a view, which integrates viral replication mechanisms with the biochemistry underlying liquid-like organelles. In this view, viral protein and RNA components gradually accumulate up to a critical point during infection where phase separation is triggered. This yields an increase in transcription that leads in turn to increased translation and a consequent growth of initially formed condensates. According to chemical principles behind phase separation, an increase in the concentration of components increases the size of the condensate. A positive feedback cycle would thus generate in which crucial components, in particular nucleoproteins and viral polymerases, reach their highest levels required for genome replication. Progress in understanding viral biomolecular condensation leads to exploration of novel therapeutics. Furthermore, it provides insights into the fundamentals of phase separation in the regulation of cellular gene function given that virus replication and transcription, in particular those requiring host polymerases, are governed by the same biochemical principles.

Caesarean delivery rate changes after audit and feedback with the Ten Group Classification System in a French perinatal network: a retrospective pre–post study

Objective : To study changes in caesarean delivery (CD) rates between maternity wards in a perinatal network after implementation of the Ten Group Classification System (TGCS) in an audit with feedback. Design A retrospective pre–post study of all births from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2018. Setting A French perinatal network of 10 maternity wards in the Yvelines district of France. Population All live births of gestational age ≥24 weeks in the network. Methods During the pre-period (1 January 2012 to 31 December 2014), the audit and feedback provided only overall CD rates. During the post-period (1 January 2015 to 31 December 2018), CD rates for each TGCS group were provided. Regression models, adjusted for maternal characteristics and maternity ward, were used to compare CD rates globally and for each TGCS group. Variability of CD rates between maternity wards was analysed using the coefficients of variation. Main outcome measure CD rates. Results There were 51 082 women who delivered during the pre-period and 63 964 during the post-period. The overall CD rate did not decrease (24.5% during the pre-period versus 25.1% during the post-period). There were no significant differences in CD rates for any TGCS group after adjustment for maternity, maternal age and socio-demographic characteristics. Nor did audit implementation decrease CD rate variability between maternity wards or within TGCS groups. Conclusion Implementation of an audit-and-feedback cycle using the TGCS did not decrease either CD rates or variability between maternity wards.

Pelatihan Senam Hamil pada Ibu Hamil di RT03/RW01 Desa Labuhan Tangga Hilir Kecamatan Rokan Hilir

During pregnancy, the mother experiences physical and psychological/emotional changes in the pregnant woman. During pregnancy, emotions easily fluctuate and rise, which occurs due to hormonal changes. As for the anxiety before childbirth, pregnant women will appear statements and images of whether they can give birth normally, how to push, whether something will happen during childbirth, or whether the baby is born safely, will increasingly appear in the mother's mind, this condition can cause further anxiety and tension to form a feedback cycle that can increase overall emotional intensity. To break the cycle of anxiety, pregnancy exercise as a prenatal service is an alternative therapy that can be given to pregnant women. The purpose of this service is to increase the knowledge of mothers and do structured pregnancy exercises. The method in this service is pregnancy exercise counselling and pregnancy exercise training. The result of this community service is that it is known that 60% of participants have a pretest score of less than 65 about pregnancy exercise and after an explanation, 80% of the participants get a score of more than 65. The results of pregnancy exercise training, the majority of mothers did pregnancy exercises at home and there was a reduction in low back and back pain as much as 66.6%. Conclusion: Based on the results of pregnancy exercise counselling, there was an increase in knowledge seen from the pre and post-test scores, namely from 40% to 80% and pregnant women also did pregnancy exercises at home and there was a reduction in pain as much as 66.6%. Abstrak: Selama kehamilan, ibu mengalami perubahan fisik dan kejiwaan/emosi ibu hamil. Pada masa kehamilan, emosi mudah turun dan naik, yang terjadi akibat perubahan hormon. Adapun kecemasan menjelang pesalinan ibu hamil akan muncul pernyataan dan bayangan apakah dapat melahirkan normal, cara mengejan, apakah akan terjadi sesuatu saat melahirkan, atau apakah bayi lahir selamat, akan semakin muncul dalam benak ibu, kondisi ini dapat menyebabkan kecemasan dan ketegangan lebih lanjut sehingga membentuk suatu siklus umpan balik yang dapat meningkatkan intensitas emosional secara keseluruhan. Untuk memutuskan siklus kecemasan tersebut, maka senam hamil sebagai salah satu pelayanan prenatal, merupakan suatu alternatif terapi yang dapat diberikan pada ibu hamil. Tujaun Pengabdian ini adalah untuk menambah pengetahuan ibu dan melakukan senam hamil yang terstruktur. Metode dalam pengabdian ini adalah ceramah senam hamil dan pelatihan senam hamil. Hasil pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah diketahui bahwa 60% peserta memiliki nilai pretest kurang dari 65 tentang senam hamiln dan setelah dilakukan penjelasan sebanyak 80% peserta mendapatkan nilai lebih dari 65. Hasil pelatihan senam hamil mayoritas ibu melakukan senam hamil dirumah dan terjadi pengurangan nyeri pinggang dan punggung sebanyak 66,6%. Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil penyuluhan senam hamil terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan dilihat dari nilai pre dan post tes yaitu dari 40% menjedi 80% dan ibu hamil juga melakukan senam hamil dirumah dan terjadi pengurangan nyeri sebanyak 66,6%.

Am I Promoting Feedback Cycle and Sociomaterial Learning?

This study employed practitioner inquiry to determine whether feedback cycle and socio-material learning was promoted through the provision of written corrective feedback (WCF). The context of study was the final draft submitted in an academic writing course for arts and social science students. The practitioner inquiry was shaped by mixed methods, through the quantitative (categorisation) and qualitative (analytical) examination of WCF. The categorisation of WCF was guided by a feedback typology and the extent of learning opportunities. A total of 309 instances of WCF were found across 55 final drafts. Indirect and metalinguistic feedback on Content and Language was frequent. Furthermore, most of the WCF was restricted to the final essay, with minimal expansive opportunities for students to extend their learning beyond this writing course. In the subsequent analysis of the WCF, this study concluded that feedback was provided for the purpose of keeping track of work done. To really promote a feedback cycle or sociomaterial learning, writing instructors should consider improving students’ feedback literacy skills.