Addressing the dual role identity problem in foster parenting

<p>This thesis argues that the foster parent dual role identity problem is due to value conflict between two implicit models that currently inform contemporary understandings of the role. Both implicit models are outlined; the ‘parent’ model as an extemporaneous development of mid-19th century early modern foster care, and the ‘professional’ model as a formal response to changes in role demands in the mid-20th century. While neither model can independently account for exemplary foster parenting practices, a hybrid model that integrates aspects from both is problematic due to divergent sets of values that underpin each conceptualisation. In response to the dual role identity problem, this thesis proposes an alternative model that is informed by reflective practice and a relational ethics perspective. The aim of this procedural practice model is to support and explicitly guide foster parents through those practice dilemmas that are frequently underpinned by value conflict. In summary, this thesis will discuss the implications of this procedural model for practice and training programmes.</p>

Addressing the dual role identity problem in foster parenting

<p>This thesis argues that the foster parent dual role identity problem is due to value conflict between two implicit models that currently inform contemporary understandings of the role. Both implicit models are outlined; the ‘parent’ model as an extemporaneous development of mid-19th century early modern foster care, and the ‘professional’ model as a formal response to changes in role demands in the mid-20th century. While neither model can independently account for exemplary foster parenting practices, a hybrid model that integrates aspects from both is problematic due to divergent sets of values that underpin each conceptualisation. In response to the dual role identity problem, this thesis proposes an alternative model that is informed by reflective practice and a relational ethics perspective. The aim of this procedural practice model is to support and explicitly guide foster parents through those practice dilemmas that are frequently underpinned by value conflict. In summary, this thesis will discuss the implications of this procedural model for practice and training programmes.</p>

Culture Reproduction or Value Conflict? The Morally Fraught Experience of Chinese Christians in Virtual Communities

Based on Robbins' understanding that both Durkhcimian and Weberian approaches could help the study of social morality, this paper explores the dynamics of cultural reproduction and value conflicts in Chinese Christians' communication on the WcChat platform. It evaluates ten religious WeChat groups' norms and activities and categorizes them into four typologies according to their group inclusiveness and interactivity. It collects group chats from the WeChat platform and reveals the forming dynamics of group verbal abuse, and further explores the Chinese Christians' morally fraught experience in the virtual communities, ‘『his research shows that Christian values as an external force encourage Christians to fulfill their gospel mission and seek their group identity. Christians exhibit their discursive power through group norms and group behaviors. Cultural authoritarianism and religious fundamentalism arc the ideological factors that underline the exclusive group behaviors of the Christian virtual comm unities. The contradiction between exclusive and inclusive group cultures reflects the incompatibility between Chinese authoritarian tradition and the call for a more open society. Under the current social structure and cultural environment, particularistic ethics and exclusive practices would still be dominant in Chinese Christian virtual communities for a comparatively long time.

Ethical guidelines for the use of artificial intelligence and the challenges from value conflicts

The aim of this article is to articulate and critically discuss different answers to the following question: How should decision-makers deal with conflicts that arise when the values usually entailed in ethical guidelines – such as accuracy, privacy, non-discrimination and transparency – for the use of Artificial Intelligence (e.g. algorithm-based sentencing) clash with one another? To begin with, I focus on clarifying some of the general advantages of using such guidelines in an ethical analysis of the use of AI. Some disadvantages will also be presented and critically discussed. Second, I will show that we need to distinguish between three kinds of conflict that can exist for ethical guidelines used in the moral assessment of AI. This section will be followed by a critical discussion of different answers to the question of how to handle what we shall call internal and external values conflicts. Finally, I will wrap up with a critical discussion of three different strategies to resolve what is called a ‘genuine value conflict’. These strategies are: the ‘accepting the existence of irresolvable conflict’ view, the ranking view, and value monism. This article defends the ‘accepting the existence of irresolvable conflict’ view. It also argues that even though the ranking view and value monism, from a merely theoretical (or philosophical) point of view, are better equipped to solve genuine value conflicts among values in ethical guidelines for artificial intelligence, this is not the case in real-life decision-making. Keywords: AI; ethical guidelines; algorithm-based sentencing; value conflicts

In defence of a liberal realism and a realist political ethics: On Edward Hall’s Value, Conflict, and Order

This review argues that Edward Hall’s outstanding new book on the political thought of three outstanding 20th-century thinkers – Isaiah Berlin, Stuart Hampshire and Bernard Williams – has three major substantial contributions to contemporary realism: it offers convincing realist interpretations of their oeuvres, extracts inspiring new ideas from their works for future theorizing and provides powerful arguments in defence of a liberal realist position. However, given Hall’s expertise in Williams’ thought, it might be surprising that the chapters about Hampshire seem the most interesting and most convincing parts of the book because they address some of the most fundamental issues of realism in an especially concise and well-written form.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN VALUE CONFLICT AND ACADEMIC ADJUSTMENT AMONG STUDENTS AT THE HIGHER INSTITUTE OF SPORT AND PHYSICAL EDUCATION (KSAR SAÏD) UNIVERSITY OF MANOUBA, TUNISIA

This study aimed to identify the impact of value conflict a negative social process that involves exposure to two opposing, contradictory concepts and requires violation of at least one of the values on the academic adjustment of students at the “Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education (Ksar saïd)” of “University of Manouba”. Two questionnaires were designed to measure: 1) the extent to which students experience value conflict and 2) students’ levels of academic adjustment in terms of curriculum, goals, time management and personal relationships. The questionnaire was administered to a random sample of 739 students. Participant responses to these questionnaires indicate average levels of value conflict and academic adjustment. Results reveal a moderate level of value conflict among the “Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education (Ksar saïd)” students with the highest level found in the economic domain, followed by the social domain and cultural domain in third among. In terms of academic adjustment, students reported a moderate level, indicating some difficulties in adjusting to the “Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education (Ksar saïd)” life. Academic adjustment levels were highest in relation to students’ goals, followed by personal relationships, which are closely related areas. <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0720/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

The Transformation of Legal Policy in the Context of Digitalization of the Legal Reality

Introduction: the technical and technological transformations of modern society are taking on a global scale and the consequences which are difficult to predict for humanity. The digital age increases a person’s dependence on the results of their intellectual work and generates a certain value conflict. The peculiarity of the modern stage of information and technological society is that technologies become part of social reality; they go beyond the relationship “man – technology – technical result”. The purpose of the research is to formulate a conceptual view of the transformation of legal policy in modern society, which is constantly in the process of digital changes. The research aims to reveal new problems that arise in the digital society, to propose a review of the role of traditional legal means, in particular, legal policy in order to design innovative technical approaches and high-end technologies in society. Methods: the paper uses philosophical and general scientific principles; system, genetic and activity approaches; the methods: formal legal, analysis and synthesis. Results: information becomes an essential condition for ensuring human survival in a complex world that is moving along the path of informatization, digitalization, and technologization. By introducing techniques and technologies into their life and practice, people are guided by the goals of humanization, creative self-expression, and unlimited improvement of their own nature. But in any activity there are “side effects” that hinder the progressive intellectual and spiritual growth of humanity. These inhibitory factors are determined both by the properties of the information itself and by the objective characteristics of the social reality in which this information circulates. Technological progress, information, risks, law, legislation, and the values of society – these are the key “assemblage points” around which the modern domestic legal policy is built and implemented. Conclusions: legal policy in modern Russia is being transformed and presented as a special activity of social actors to adequately transform the legal reality in accordance with the needs of the developing information society using legal forms and methods based on modern information and communication technologies.

Value Conflict, Lack of Rewards, and Sense of Community as Psychosocial Risk Factors of Burnout in Communication Professionals (Press, Radio, and Television)

Journalists are at particular risk of work-related stress and burnout. The objective of this study is to describe and analyze the principal factors involved in the appearance of burnout in communication professionals, as well as the possible interactions between them and with self-reported health, and to observe whether the variables involved are the same in different types of environments. To achieve this objective, 292 participants answered the following measurement instruments: Demographic and labor datasheet; Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI General survey); Areas of Worklife Scale (AWS); and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ -12). The results were the following: Emotional Exhaustion (EE) shows direct correlation and statistical significance with the other two burnout dimensions, Depersonalization (DP) and Personal Accomplishment (PA), also with health perception variables and inverse and statistical significance with the workload, control, rewards, community, fairness, and values. A multiple linear regression model shows workload and values as inverse EE predictors, which confirms a burnout process in which EE contributes as the main dimension in DP and is shown to be a precursor of PA, itself. When comparing different types of media, journalists who work in institutional press offices presented significantly lower scores in PA and higher in control, rewards, community, justice, and values. Therefore, further research should be carried out in order to analyze the protective role of these variables regarding PA and burnout.