The Pragmatic Meanings of Car Stickers in Jordan

This study is aimed at investigating the illocutionary forces of car stickers in Jordan as an under-researched area of Arabic pragmatics. The study is based on authentic data collected over a year as found displayed on cars in the south, mid and north of Jordan. The data collected were found to display a wide range of social, romantic and economic functions including displaying vehicle size and brand, protection against envy, disappointment and betrayal, giving advice, displaying love and romantic challenges, crises and car stickers aimed at attracting others’ attention. Stickers used as a protective measure against evil eye were found to be the most frequently used stickers in our data (32.65%). Though car stickers are equated with amusement and humor, they are used nowadays as a tool to indirectly criticize social, economic and political crises, and this could reflect the social and economic challenges of life. The overwhelmingly rhythmic car stickers examined in the study were found to be instances of decodable expressions whose overall meanings could be recovered by sticker readers.

Case study – trade dress and brand protection in Thailand’s copier paper business

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe and analyze an unusual legal development concerning brand protection in Thailand. The case study elucidates many key concepts in brand management and the political economy of Thailand. Design/methodology/approach A case study approach is adopted, in which a chronology of key events surrounding a supreme court decision are developed. An analysis of the causes and consequences of the verdict is presented drawing on inputs from legal and business experts. Findings The decision at the center of this case is ground breaking. Unlike conventional infringement decisions that are based on tangible designs of products, this case established protection of a brand image based on advertisements aired on television. It is argued that the decision went too far in the protection of trade dress and may potentially limit freedom and creativity for future marketing campaigns. Practical implications Intellectual property protection in developing economies such as in Thailand can be complicated by a lack of clear laws and the political and social influence of the parties involved. Originality/value The case provides the first analysis of a potentially consequential supreme court decision with links to the unique context of the political economy of Thailand.

Pengaturan Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Smell Sebagai Merek dalam Perspektif Hak Kekayaan Intelektual

The purpose of writing this journal is to find out how to regulate smell in trademark law in Indonesia and to find out how to regulate smell in trademark law in Indonesia in the future. The research method used in this journal is the normative legal research method, namely research by describing a problem which is then discussed using legal theories in accordance with statutory regulations. Research results show that trademark law in Indonesia in the future needs to regulate smell as a trademark because Indonesia is a member of the WTO-TRIPs which requires adjustments of national law to the agreement. In order to protect smell, Indonesia needs to pay attention to the policies of several countries in brand protection as stated in the brand definition. In addition, the need for regulation of smell is to help provide protection for inventors and speakers who have sacrificed their energy, time, and mind to produce the work, where the work is an original work. Tujuan dari penulisan jurnal ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaturan tentang smell dalam hukum merek di Indonesia dan untuk mengetahui bagaiamana pengaturan tentang smell dalam hukum merek di Indonesia pada masa mendatang.Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam jurnal ini yaitu metode penelitian hukum normatif, yakni penelitian dengan memaparkan suatu permasalahan yang selanjutnya dibahas dengan menggunakan teori-teori hukum yang sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan.Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hukum merek di Indonesia pada masa mendatang perlu mengatur smell sebagai merek karena Indonesia tergabung dalam anggota WTO-TRIPs yang mengharuskan penyesuaian hukum nasionalnya terhadap perjanjian tersebut. Agar dapat melindungi smell, Indonesia perlu memperhatikan kebijakan beberapa negara dalam perlindungan merek yang tertuang dalam definisi merek. Selain itu perlunya pengaturan terhadap smell adalah untuk membantu memberikan perlindungan bagi penemu dan pencitpa yang telah mengorbankan tenaga, waktu, serta pikirannya untuk menghasilkan karya tersebut, dimana karya tersebut adalah karya orisinil.

Analisis Tagline Merek yang Mengandung Unsur Pornografi di Media Sosial

Brands have economic value so protection is needed. Brand protection arises when registered. But this is excluded against brands that contain elements of decency. In reality many businesses use brands with the word, logo plus taglines that contain pornographic elements. The problem is seen if the brand continues to operate in the middle of society and even penetrated into social media. Based on the results of the study, the arrangement of brand taglines containing pornographic elements on social media is not specifically regulated but spread across various laws and regulations and there is overlapping. In fact the @ngocok.eskopi account with the trademark "Ngocok Es Kopi" passes as a registered trademark. Whereas when viewed with great disalness, both brands, logos and taglines used on social media have given implicit perceptions or images of pornography. In the era of digitization, social media is a potential media for means of promotion, it is fitting that there are special arrangements such as conventional promotion. Various regulations must also be integrated, such as the use of accounts on social media using legal identity (KTP), applying the tagline as a brand definition in the parent rule of the MIG Law, the passing of registered brands is the responsibility of regulators (human factors) and should not be charged to the system alone (technological factors), expanding the limitations of pornography to be explicit and implicit.

Legal aspects of the brand protection in Ukraine and world

Purpose. The purpose of the scientific article is to establish the ratio of the meanings of the concepts "trademark", "brand" and "well-known" trademark and then to characterize their common and distinctive features. Indicate the gaps in current legislation and the need to refine certain rules in this aspect to determine the aspects of protection and protection of the brand. Methodology. The methodology includes a comprehensive analysis and generalization of the available scientific and theoretical material and the formulation of appropriate conclusions and recommendations. During the research, the following methods of scientific knowledge were used: terminological, dialectical, logical-semantic, logical-normative, system-structural. Results: in the course of the conducted study, the main and optional components of the brand are determined, which make it possible to determine the features of its legal protection. It has been proved that despite a fairly wide range of domestic and international regulations, there are certain shortcomings of the brand protection mechanism. Originality. The study found that a trademark differs from a brand in that a trademark is a designation that is only the basis of the brand, as for the trademark are not essential such properties of the designation as a certain level of information among consumers and quality as a basis. gaining a reputation; the concept of "brand" is an evaluative, conditional concept, and therefore its consolidation at the regulatory level is impractical. It is sufficient to establish the factors on the basis of which the trademark can be considered "well known". A "well-known" trademark is a designation that is familiar to a wide range of consumers through its use to designate certain goods. Practical importance. The results of the study can be used in law-making activities for the purpose of legal regulation of public relations in the sphere of legal protection of the brand.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on retailer performance: empirical evidence from India

The study aims to synthesize the challenges that retailers are facing during the COVID-19 emergency. The research is definitive, informative, and based on a single design of cross-sectional research. Quantitative data based on the research instrument were produced (a questionnaire). Five hundred responses were collected from employees of major retail stores in India. Retailer performance is considered a dependent variable, whereas employee well-being, customer and brand protection, use of technology, government policies, and supply chain are used as independent variables. The current study results indicated that employee well-being and government policies have a significant positive impact on retailer performance, while customer and brand protection, use of technology, and supply chain have a significant positive impact on retailers’ performance. This study will help retailers develop strategies for their employees to protect them and understand that technology is needed in the new normal times. This study highlights the need to be flexible in executing strategic strategies, but retailers need to develop comprehensive action plans, including selecting managers of initiative and defining goals and deadlines. Provided that retailers’ current reality is different from the old normal, no time is lost in taking audacious action.

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI PEMEGANG HAK ATAS MEREK ASING DI INDONESIA (Studi Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 264/K/PDT.SUS-HKI/2015)

<p>Abstract<br />This article aims to legal protection for foreign brands (famous) against the removal of a foreign brand (famous) listed as well as knowing clearly study the sentence “usage” in section 74 subsection (1) of Law Number 20 year 2016 about brands and geographical indications. Legal research this is a normative penilitian or dokterial, and prescriptive in nature. The source of the legal materials that are used in the form of primary and secondary legal materials. The method of collecting the material used is the legal syllogism by using deductive thinking patterns. Based on the results of research and discussion of results that PT Inter IKEA Systems B.V. as famous foreign brands can use brand protection “right Priorities” that bersumberkan to the principles of the Paris Convention effect has been incorporated in the the Treaty of TRIPs, namely with the principle of national treatment. Last usage in section 74 subsection (1) o of Law Number 20 year 2016 about brands and geographical indications stated that the use of the brand in the production of goods or services traded. When the last usage is calculated from the last date of usage even after that the goods concerned are still circulating in the community.<br />Keywords: Legal Protection; Right; Famous Foreign Brands</p><p>Abstrak<br />Artikel ini bertujuan untuk perlindungan hukum bagi merek asing (terkenal) terhadap penghapusan merek asing (terkenal) terdaftar serta mengetahui secara jelas kajian kalimat “pemakaian terakhir” dalam Pasal 74 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2016 tentang Merek dan Indikasi Geografis. Penelitian hukum ini merupakan penilitian normatif atau dokterial, dan bersifat preskriptif. Sumber bahan hukum yang digunakan berupa bahan hukum primer dan sekunder. Tehnik pengumpulan bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah silogisme dengan menggunakan pola berfikir deduktif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan ini dihasilkan PT Inter IKEA System BV sebagai merek asing terkenal dapat menggunakan perlindungan merek “Hak Prioritas” yang bersumberkan kepada Konvensi Paris yang asas-asasnya telah digabungkan di dalam perjanjian TRIPs yaitu dengan principle of national treatment. Pemakaian Terakhir dalam Pasal 74 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2016 tentang Merek dan Indikasi Geografis menyatakan bahwa Penggunaan merek tersebut pada produksi barang atau jasa yang diperdagangkan. Saat pemakaian terakhir tersebut dihitung dari tanggal terakhir pemakaian sekalipun setelah itu barang yang bersangkutan masih beredar di masyarakat.<br />Kata Kunci: Perlindungan Hukum; Hak; Merek Asing Terkenal</p>