Using sheep selection to improve the nutritional value of lambmeat

Relevance. The article provides a justification for the use of sheep selection taking into account the intra-breed type of Prekos ewes in purebred breeding and crossing with producers of semi-fine wool breeds Romney-Marsh and Kuibyshevskaya to improve the biological usefulness of meat in offspring.Methods: scientific and economic experiment in the use of different selection options, taking into account the productive type of sheep of the Precos breed.Results. The article presents the results of a study on the influence of the selection of sheep on the composition of lambmeat, increasing the usefulness and quality of meat and, thus, the efficiency of its production. It was found that the content of water in the meat of crossbred animalswas lower compared to purebred Precos. There is a lower water content in the meat of rams obtained from sheep of the Precos meat-wool type, both in purebred and crossbred animals. In terms of the protein content in meat, there is an advantage in rams with purebred breeding and crossing compared to meat obtained from the wool-meat type of queens. In the hip bran of purebred animals and crossbreeds with the Kuibyshev breed, this superiority was 1.1% (Р > 0.95), and in the lumbar bran of Romney-Marsh crossbreeds, this difference was 1.6% (Р > 0.95). Mutton from the offspring of the sheep of meat-wool type is characterized by a significantly high content of the essential amino acids threanine, lysine, leucine, phenylanin and isoleucine in comparison with meat from the offspring of the wool-meat type of sheep. A significant superiority was also established in the content of interchangeable amino acids — oxyproline, serine, tyrosine, proline, glycine, aspartic and glutamic acid, cystine and analin.

VETERINARY AND SANITARY ASSESSMENT OF GOAT MEAT WHEN USING UVMC «VITA-BALANCE»

For this purpose, an economic experiment was conducted in LLC «SHP Lukoz» of the Sernursky district of the RME. Two groups of goats with 6 heads each were selected using the method of pairs of analogues. The first group was a control group, received food according to the basic household ration, the second group was an experimental group, in addition to the basic ration, received UVMC Vita-Balance for 45 days. During the experiment, the physiological state of the goats was taken into account. A veterinary and sanitary assessment of goat meat was carried out and a quantitative analysis of the content of heavy metals in meat was carried out at the FSBI «FCTRB-VNIVI».

Land Value Taxation: A Spatially Explicit Economic Experiment with Endogenous Institutions

An economic experiment with endogenous institutions informs the political economy of land value taxation relative to uniform property taxation in terms of efficiency and sprawl reduction. Heterogeneous type distributions were used so that land value taxation was earnings-rational, relative to uniform property taxation, for 40, 60, and 80 percent of the participants. The model’s induced values predict land value taxation leads to less sprawl, more earnings, and more tax revenue than uniform property taxation. Experimental data do not consistently match this prediction, where both tax institutions led to more sprawl and lower earnings than predicted. Results show participants voted for the tax institution that does not maximize their individual earnings in 16.7 percent of rounds. These earnings-irrational choices occurred when the type distributions were 40 and 60 percent in favor of land value taxation. The experiment results nonetheless show the absolute advantage of land value taxation for producing less sprawl, more tax revenue, and more earnings. Moreover, the behavioral evidence suggests that relative advantage of land value taxation in reducing sprawl is greater than predicted by the model. This suggests further inquiry about whether land value taxation promotion activities may best be targeted towards cities using uniform property taxation where economies are vibrant, land uses are already relatively intensive, and greater-than-average population density already exists.

Meeting the physiological requirements for energy and nutrients to manifest the genetic potential of dairy cattle

The paper presents the results of the scientific and economic experiment for the evaluation of the influence of the energy supplement included in the diet of lactating cows of the Brown Swiss breed. During the research period, all animals were kept in the same conditions, corresponding to zootechnical standards. They were divided into two groups differentiated only by the feed ration. The cows of the first (control) group were given rations typical for the farm corresponding to the feeding norms of dry and lactating cows. For the cows of the second group in the dry period (14 days before calving) the feeding ration was changed with a change in structure towards an increase in the proportion of concentrated feed, and immediately after calving, they received an energy feed supplement to maintain the physiological status of dairy cows after calving. Only clinically healthy animals participated in the experiment. It was revealed that the inclusion of the energy feed supplement in the diet of lactating cows in the experimental groups during lactation led to an increase in the productivity of livestock as compared with those in the control group.

EFFECT OF PVMC DEADWOOD AND OF PVMC LACTATION ON THE COW REPRODUCTION

Изучено влияние на репродуктивную функцию коров белково-витаминно-минеральных концентратов (БВМК) с кормовой добавкой «AMG-COMPLEX», состоящей из эфирных масел и растительных экстрактов. Для проведения опыта были сформированы контрольная и опытная группы по 70 голов с учетом количества дней до отела из коров второй и третьей стельности. Животным контрольной группы скармливали основной рацион. Для коров опытной группы были составлены рационы с БВМК, которыми заменяли пропорциональное количество концентрированных кормов и часть витаминно-минерального премикса. Они получали БВМК для сухостойных коров в количестве 300 г на 1 голову в сутки с 60-го по 20-й день до отела и по 200 г на 1 голову в сутки с 20-го дня до отела. После отела 60 дней им скармливали БВМК для раздоя в количестве 1200 г на 1 голову в сутки. Использование БВМК в рационах коров опытной группы способствовало улучшению у них репродуктивной функции и снижению частоты гинекологических заболеваний после отела в 4,5 раза. Индекс осеменения в опытной группе составил 1,73 (P≤0,05), что на 0,76 ниже, чем у животных контрольной группы. Средняя продолжительность сервис-периода в опытной группе составила 87,71 дня (P≤0,01) и была короче, чем в контроле, на 14,72 дня. The effect on the reproductive function of cows of the protein-vitamin-mineral concentrate with the feed additive ʺAMG-COMPLEXʺ, consisting of essential oils and plant extracts, was studied. To experiment, taking into account the number of days before calving, control and experimental group of 70 heads each were formed from cows of the second and third pregnancy. In the scientific and economic experiment, the cows of the control group consumed the feed of the main rations. For the cows of the experimental group rations were made with PVMC, which replaced the proportional amount of concentrated feed and a part of the vitamin-mineral premix. They received PVMC deadwood in the amount of 300 g per 1 head per day from 60th to 20th day before calving and 200 g per 1 head per day 20 days before calving. 60 days after calving they received PVMC lactation in the amount of 1200 g per head per day. Feeding PVMC to cows of the experimental group contributed to the improvement of reproductive function and a decrease in the frequency of gynaecological diseases after calving by 4.5 times. The insemination index in the experimental group was 1.73 (P≤0.05), which is 0.76 lower than in the animals in the control group. The average duration of the service period in the experimental group was 87.71 days (P≤0.01) and was shorter than in the control by 14.72 days.

Influence of zeolite and zeolite-sapropel feed additives on the milk productivity of mares and the quality of kumiss under the conditions of Central Yakutia

One of the main branches of agriculture in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is productive horse breeding. In this regard, we can use the valuable raw materials that the horse gives due to its high adaptability to local conditions. The development of productive horse breeding in particular dairy horse breeding under the conditions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) would allow providing the population with natural, dietary food and more efficient use of land resources. The purpose of the work is to study the effect of zeolite and zeolite-sapropel feed additives in the ration of mares of Megezhek breed on the milk productivity and quality of kumiss under the conditions of Central Yakutia. Two scientific and economic experiments have been carried out where the influence of zeolite from the Suntar deposit (experiment 1) and zeolite-sapropel feed additives (experiment 2) on the milk productivity and physiological parameters of mares of Megezhek breed has been studied. The optimal doses of the effect of zeolite and zeolite-sapropel feed additives on the profi tability of kumiss production have been determined. It has been found in the first scientific and economic experiment that when adding 0,4 g of zeolite per 1 kg of live weight to the daily ration of lactating mares the level of profi tability of milk production increased to 20,4 %, and when adding 0,5 g per 1 kg of live weight the profi tability index increased to 21,5 %, compared to 13,7 % in the control group. In the second scientific and economic experiment the infl uence of the zeolite-sapropel feed additive on the intensity of digestion and assimilation of nutrients in the mares’ rations has been determined. The analysis of the experimental data indicates a high economic efficiency of using zeolite-sapropel feed additive in the 2nd and 3rd experimental groups of mares, where the level of profi tability of production was equal to 27,34 and 32,33 %, respectively, compared to 16,09 % in the control group.

Money Illusion in Charitable Giving in the Absence of Market Price Resistance

Money illusion occurs when individuals fail to differentiate nominal from real values when making financial and economic decisions. As a consequence, they do not adjust their consumption behavior according to real variables. We report an economic experiment to study whether money illusion appears in a very simple setting. It is very important to mention that the experiment was conducted in the context of charitable giving. Our experimental results showed the absence of money illusion among the participants. Our study suggests that money illusion is not present in the absence of price stickiness (market price resistance). This finding supports Shafir et al. (1997). The main objective of our study is to develop a better understanding of economic agents’ charitable giving behaviors as influenced by perceptions of nominal income. Charitable institutions could build fundraising strategies based on behavioral tendencies to the perception of income in nominal or real terms.