Personality differences between sex and sexual orientation group

It has been argued that because some biological underpinnings affecting personality occur in a continuum (e.g. hormonal exposure), personality scores in a given population should also occur in a continuum. Personality sex differences have been widely studied but these do not allow to study personality as a continuum. To tackle this limitation, Lippa (2001) suggested using sexual orientation. The Shift and the Inversion Hypotheses have been proposed to predict how the personality scores of homosexual participants would differ from their heterosexual counterparts. However, these efforts have been largely ignored. This study used a large UK sample to compare these hypotheses using personality scores at the facet and domain level. The results suggested that there was evidence for the Shift and the Inversion Hypotheses at the facet level, but these patterns were obscured at domain level where groups tended to cluster according to sexual orientation. Moreover, Neuroticism was often responsible for the largest differences across groups at facet and domain level.

http://ejes.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/3.Adolescents-Perceptions-of-Exploring-Professional-Interests-and-Preferences-using-a-Psychometric-Tool.pdf

The main objective of this research is to investigate adolescents’ perceptions concerning professional interests and preferences. Nowadays, a major problem of the teenager is the choice of career path to follow. Vocational identity is an important aspect of individual identity that adolescents explore and are asked, in high school mainly, to choose an orientation group (general high school) or sector (vocational high school) and consequently the subject of study and field of work. Their decision to choose studies and profession is not easy. The teacher specializing in Counselingand Orientation has the opportunity to help adolescents to understand their personalities and interests, combining Counseling and the use of appropriate psychometric tools. The qualitative research, in which 19 students of the Third Grade of Lyceum participated, showed that they discovered, confirmed and reflected on issues of their professional identity, using the Holland Personality and Vocational Guidance test.

Family orientation group as a strategy for care in chemical codependency

Objective. To determine the importance of the family support group in the treatment of codependency, based in reports made by relatives of a therapeutic community for drug addicts. Methods. Study conducted in a therapeutic community for alcohol and other drug addicts in a city in the southern extreme of Brazil. This is a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive research with eight drug addict relatives. Data collection occurred through semi-structured interviews and the use of a field diary, focusing on the family orientation group as a space for the health promotion of family members of psychoactive substance users. Results. Through discursive analysis, it was found that the family orientation group constitutes an important tool of educational character, capable of responding to the family demands of chemical dependence, as well as rethinking and modifying attitudes and characteristic behaviors of co-dependence. Conclusion.The support group is fundamental as a care strategy for codependent families, and may act more effectively when professionals are trained to intervene in the phenomenon of codependency.Descriptors: family; substance-related disorders; codependency (psychology); therapeutic community; family therapy; communication; qualitative research. How to cite this article: Silva MP, Oliveira AMN, Silva PA, Algeri S, Soares MCF. Family orientation group as care strategy in chemical codependency. Invest. Educ. Enferm. 2019; 37(3):e08.

Sexual Orientation

The clinical need for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and queer (LGBQ+) affirmative psychotherapies has been widely recognized; however, empirical research on the outcomes of such psychotherapies is limited. This chapter begins by offering definitions and delineating four key themes of LGBQ+ affirmative psychotherapies. The authors conceptualize LGBQ+ affirmative psychotherapies not as sexual orientation group specific but rather as considerations and practices that can be applied with all clients. The chapter then summarizes a search for studies to attempt a meta-analysis and discusses limitations and directions for research based on this search. The chapter ends by delineating diversity considerations and recommending therapeutic practices for advancing affirmative psychotherapy with clients of all sexual orientations.

Pengujian Dampak Sistem Insentif Dan Orientasi Kognitif Terhadap Kinerja Kelompok: Studi Di Indonesia

This study aims to find out individual’s performance based on their cognitive orientation towards incentive system. This study refers to a previous study (Naranjo-Gil et al., 2012) that tested similarly that the study was conducted in Indonesia which has a different culture with the previous research’s origin country. This study used case study method with college student respondent that had economics background. The results of this study revealed that some conclusions. First, individual behavior in completing tasks tends to match with their cognitive orientation. Second, there was a difference between individualism cognitive orientation when they given to team-based structure incentive system. Third, there are differences in collectivism cognitive orientation groups when they given to an individual-based structure incentive system. The most appropriate incentive system used to improve the group performance which respect to the cognitive orientation group members is the team-based incentive system.

High incidence of ductal closure or narrowing at birth in patients with right ventricular outflow tract obstruction with normal orientation of the ductus arteriosus

BackgroundDuctal patency is mandatory to manage patients with ductal-dependent pulmonary circulation. The aim of this study is to elucidate the morphological and haemodynamic features of ductus arteriosus with right ventricular outflow tract obstruction, and investigate the appropriate perinatal management.Patients and methodsPatients with prenatal diagnosis of right ventricular outflow tract obstruction at our institution between 2010 and 2015 were included in the study. Reverse orientation of the ductus arteriosus is defined as an inferior angle of <90° at the aortic junction, and normal orientation of the ductus arteriosus as an angle of >90°. We retrospectively reviewed the shape and flow pattern of ductus arteriosus and the clinical characteristics of the cases.ResultsA total of 39 patients were enrolled. The shape was divided into normal orientation (n=15) and reverse orientation (n=24) of the ductus arteriosus. There was no significant difference in the type of oxygen saturation at birth and age at shunt operation between both the groups. However, the median narrowest diameter of ductus arteriosus in the normal orientation group was significantly smaller than that in the reverse orientation group (2.0 [1.0–5.4] versus 3.0 [1.3–4.4] mm, p<0.05). In two patients of the normal orientation group, ductus arteriosus had closed at birth, and one of whom died because of severe cyanosis.ConclusionsNormal orientation pattern might have high incidence of an early narrowing or closure of ductus arteriosus at birth. The critical patients need careful evaluation by repeated foetal echocardiography and further maternal interventions.