Antihistaminic activity of Ethanolic extract of Capparis moonii W. fruit.

The purpose of the present work were intended to determine the antihistaminic activity of ethanolic extract of Capparis moonii W. fruits (EECM). Capparis moonii W. had been historically used in the diagnosis of cough and asthma and so we undertook this study to validate scientifically using appropriate animal models. Antihistamine is considered to be helpful for the treatment of allergic, thus, the antihistamine activity of an ethanolic extract of Capparis moonii W. in the current work was evaluated. To determine the doses, acute oral toxicity tests were conducted. Clonidine and haloperidol that induced cataleptic effect in Swiss albino mice were evaluated for antihistaminic activity at the different doses of 50mg/kg, 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg, p.o. and the evaluation is also done on guinea pig ileum tissue. The ethanolic extract of Capparis moonii W. fruits (50, 100, 200mg/kg, p.o.) and chlorpheniramine maleate (i.p.,10mg/kg) significantly inhibited (****P<0.0001) clonidine induced catalepsy but the extract donot inhibit haloperidol-induced catalepsy and histamine-induced contraction in guinea pig ileum tissue preparation shows that ethanolic extract of Capparis moonii W. inhibited the contractile activity of histamine. The result of our work shows that the ethanolic extract possesses antihistaminic activity. It can be reported that flavonoid present in the extract may be important for an antihistaminic effect and therefore may have a role in the asthma treatment.

Mechanistic Studies of the Antiallergic Activity of Phyllanthus amarus Schum. & Thonn. and Its Compounds

Phyllanthus amarus Schum. & Thonn. (Phyllanthaceae) is a medicinal plant that is commonly used to treat diseases such as asthma, diabetes, and anemia. This study aimed to examine the antiallergic activity of P. amarus extract and its compounds. The antiallergic activity was determined by measuring the concentration of allergy markers release from rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells with ketotifen fumarate as the positive control. As a result, P. amarus did not stabilize mast cell degranulation but exhibited antihistamine activity. The antihistamine activity was evaluated by conducting a competition radioligand binding assay on the histamine 1 receptor (H1R). Four compounds were identified from the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis which were phyllanthin (1), hypophyllanthin (2), niranthin (3), and corilagin (4). To gain insights into the binding interactions of the most active compound hypophyllanthin (2), molecular docking was conducted and found that hypophyllanthin (2) exhibited favorable binding in the H1R binding site. In conclusion, P. amarus and hypophyllanthin (2) could potentially exhibit antiallergic activity by preventing the activation of the H1 receptor.

Antihistamine activity of steam-exploded oak extract containing phenolic compounds

The aim of this study was to investigate the antihistamine activity of steam-exploded oak (Quercus variabilis) extract containing phenolic compounds. The antioxidant activity increased with residence time of the steam explosion process. The 50% EtOH extract had total phenolic compound content of 82.2 % and 46.2 mg GAE/g extract and vanillic acid, ferulic acid, and vanillin were identified. Treatment with 50% EtOH extract decreased the diameters of histamine-induced wheal and erythema responses in human volunteers. In patients with atopic dermatitis, topical administration of 50% EtOH extract led to significant diseases and improvement in terms of sleep disturbance, pruritus, xerosis, desire to scratch, and erythema. This study suggested that steam-exploded oak is rich in phenolic compounds with high antioxidant and antihistamine activities, and the extract may be a promising source of new antihistamine agents and pharmaceuticals.

Allergic rhinitis in children’s practice

Due to the prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) among the population of Russia, especially in pediatric practice, it is important today to give coverage to its clinical manifestations, principles of diagnosis, management of the patients and the possibilities to prevent exacerbations and increasing severity of illness. The authors provide the reasons behind why the intermittent AR has a persistent course. The article presents the diagnostic methods recommended in the ARIA documents. The authors note the important role of tight junctions in the nasal mucosa structure in protecting a person from aeroallergens and substantiate the rationality of prescribing systemic antihistamines to treat viral and a number of other types of infection. They also provide characteristics of minimal persistent inflammation and the distinctive features of local AR. According to the authors, the rationale for the use of complex treatment is the impossibility to completely cure AR. The article lists the activities and drugs included in the therapy regimen that is defined in the ARIA documents. However, the choice of a drug prescribed to the patient should be personified. The authors substantiate the prescription of systemic antihistamines in the development of acute respiratory viral infections caused by rhinovirus and give preference to Fenistil® due to the possibility of its use at an early age from 1 month in the form of syrup and drops as the most convenient dosage forms. The benefits of Fenistil® include: the speed of onset of a drug effect and its duration, high antihistamine activity and, as a result, pronounced itch relief, as well as the absence of a cardiotoxic effect, mild sedative effect, the ability of precise dosing and reduced production of nasal secretions. A clinical case with the rationale for the systemic use of this drug is presented. It is concluded that clinical data on the high efficacy and safety of Fenistil® entitle us to believe that its use is expedient, especially in pediatric practice.

Antihistamine activity of the new peptidepreparation from the cod liver

The effect of the peptide substance on the induced production of histamine by culture of basophile, interaction of the preparation with the H1-histamine receptors and possible sedative effect on animal models were studied. The introduction of the peptide substance in cell culture of basophile didn’t have a significant effect on the histamine release. Study of the interaction of the polypeptide substance with H1-histamine receptors of guinea pig ileum showed that the preparation inhibits the response of unstriated muscles to histamine. The effect was similar to antihistamine drug - ketotifen. In the models of “open field” and “elevated criss-cross labyrinth” it was found that the peptide preparation hasn’t a sedative effect.