The social effects of anger in international negotiations: The role of self-regulation and bargaining power

<p>This thesis addresses recent calls to investigate the influence of individual differences in a negotiation context. Specifically, I investigate the impact of the personality difference, action orientation versus state orientation, on concessionary behaviour in international negotiations. This personality difference was chosen because it measures a negotiator’s capacity to self-regulate (control their behaviour) in a cognitively demanding situation like an international negotiation. I propose that action oriented negotiators will display superior self-regulation ability, compared to state oriented negotiators. Specifically, action oriented negotiators will be able to adapt their response and concede less than state oriented negotiators, when a foreign counterpart displays anger. In two online studies, I measure how action oriented and state oriented negotiators respond to a display of anger from a foreign counterpart in an international negotiation. The first study of 159 negotiators showed that action oriented individuals conceded fewer points than state oriented individuals, regardless of whether the counterpart displayed anger. The second study of 260 negotiators showed that action oriented individuals can adapt their behaviour according to their level of power in an international negotiation when facing an angry counterpart. As far as I am aware, this research is one of the first to propose and test the salience of action orientation versus state orientation on displays of anger in international negotiations. My findings highlight the value of incorporating individual differences in negotiation studies and I propose their inclusion into the dominant theoretical framework of how negotiators respond to anger. In addition to extending the model, I discuss how understanding these personality differences can be useful for multinational companies and their international negotiators.</p>

The social effects of anger in international negotiations: The role of self-regulation and bargaining power

<p>This thesis addresses recent calls to investigate the influence of individual differences in a negotiation context. Specifically, I investigate the impact of the personality difference, action orientation versus state orientation, on concessionary behaviour in international negotiations. This personality difference was chosen because it measures a negotiator’s capacity to self-regulate (control their behaviour) in a cognitively demanding situation like an international negotiation. I propose that action oriented negotiators will display superior self-regulation ability, compared to state oriented negotiators. Specifically, action oriented negotiators will be able to adapt their response and concede less than state oriented negotiators, when a foreign counterpart displays anger. In two online studies, I measure how action oriented and state oriented negotiators respond to a display of anger from a foreign counterpart in an international negotiation. The first study of 159 negotiators showed that action oriented individuals conceded fewer points than state oriented individuals, regardless of whether the counterpart displayed anger. The second study of 260 negotiators showed that action oriented individuals can adapt their behaviour according to their level of power in an international negotiation when facing an angry counterpart. As far as I am aware, this research is one of the first to propose and test the salience of action orientation versus state orientation on displays of anger in international negotiations. My findings highlight the value of incorporating individual differences in negotiation studies and I propose their inclusion into the dominant theoretical framework of how negotiators respond to anger. In addition to extending the model, I discuss how understanding these personality differences can be useful for multinational companies and their international negotiators.</p>

Personal Branding Content Creator di Media Sosial Instagram

Content creator has become a new profession that is in great demand. Titan Tyra is one of Indonesia's content creators. Titan Tyra's Instagram account has now reached 616,000 followers. Content uploaded through Instagram stories such as endorsement content, vlogs of daily activities, fashion style, and make-up. Social media is a means of support and media for content creators as a forum for expressing ideas, works and art in the form of videos, photos or pictures, writing, and other visualizations. This research discusses Titan Tyra's personal branding in the social media account of Instagram @titantyra. The research objective was to conduct research to determine Titan Tyra's personal branding on Instagram. Primary data were obtained from interviews with three Titan Tyra followers. In this case the researcher wants the perspective of Titan Tyra's followers. The theory used is Peter Montoya's Theory (The Eight Laws Of Personal Branding), data analysis techniques using qualitative research, case study research methods with personal branding analysis. The results of this study indicate that Titan Tyra fulfills eight principles of personal branding such as Specialization (The law of specialization), Leadership (The law of leadership), Personality (The law of personality), Difference (The law of distinctiveness), Visible (The law of distinction). visibility), Unity (The law of unity), Firmness (The law of persistence), Good name (The law of goodwill).Content creator sudah menjadi profesi baru yang banyak diminati. Titan Tyra merupakan salah satu content creator Indonesia. Akun Instagram Titan Tyra saat ini sudah mencapai 616.000 pengikut. Konten-konten yang diunggah melalui instastory Instagram seperti konten endorse, vlog kegiatan sehari-hari, fashion style, dan make-up. Media sosial merupakan sebuah sarana penunjang dan media bagi content creator sebagai wadah untuk menuangkan ide-ide, karya, dan seni dalam bentuk video, foto atau gambar, tulisan, dan visualisasi lainnya. Penelitian ini membahas tentang personal branding Titan Tyra diakun media sosial Instagram @titantyra. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui personal branding Titan Tyra di Instagram. Data primer diperoleh dari hasil wawancara tiga orang followers Titan Tyra. Dalam hal ini peneliti menginginkan sudut pandang followers Titan Tyra. Teori yang digunakan adalah Teori Peter Montoya (The Eight Laws Of Personal Branding), teknik analisis data menggunakan penelitian kualitatif, metode penelitian studi kasus dengan analisis personal branding. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Titan Tyra memenuhi delapan prinsip personal branding seperti: spesialisasi (the law of specialization), kepemimpinan (the law of leadership), kepribadian (the law of personality), perbedaan (the law of distinctiveness), terlihat (the law of visibility), kesatuan (the law of unity), keteguhan (the law of persistence), dan nama baik (the law of goodwill).

ROH KUDUS DALAM TRINITAS DAN KOMUNITAS UMAT TUHAN (HOLY SPIRIT IN THE TRINITY AND COMMUNITY OF GOD'S PEOPLE)

The doctrine of the Holy Spirit and its praxis has been controversial among God's people. This controversy has even emerged since the beginning of the church about the person and position of the Holy Spirit with God the Father and the Son. This article aims to briefly explore the doctrine of the Holy Spirit and its praxis into the community of God's people. The writing method used is a praxis systematic critical method to examine the various nuances of the argument against the Holy Spirit with the aim of placing it in a proper understanding of the trinity concept. The result of this writing is the doctrine of the Holy Spirit there is no personality difference between God the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit, because humans meet these "persons" in every spiritual aspect. By conceptualizing God in the realm of the Spirit of God, it will be a more practical way to describe activities in community life. Doktrin Roh Kudus dan praksisnya telah memberikan kontroversi selama ini di antara umat Tuhan. Kontroversi ini bahkan sudah muncul mulai permulaan gereja bagaimana pribadi dan posisi Roh Kudus dengan Allah Bapa dan Putra. Artikel ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi secara singkat doktrin Roh Kudus dan praksisnya ke dalam komunitas umat Tuhan. Metode penulisan yang digunakan adalah metode kritis sistematis praksis untuk menelaah berbagai nuansa argumen terhadap Roh Kudus dengan tujuan menempatkannya dalam pemahaman yang tepat tentang konsep trinitas. Hasil dari penulisan ini adalah doktrin Roh Kudus tidak ada perbedaan kepribadian antara Allah Bapa, Anak dan Roh Kudus, karena manusia bertemu dengan “pribadi-pribadi” ini dalam setiap aspek rohani. Dengan mengkonseptualisasikan Tuhan dalam alam Roh Allah akan menjadi cara yang lebih praktis untuk menggambarkan aktivitas secara kehidupan komunitas.

Dealing with hate to boost multiculturalism in colleges/schools of education

Hate has always been a part of our lives and world. We have rationalized about it and pretended that it is a personality difference that is not very harmful and hurtful. However, hate continues to be devastating and visible in the forms of discrimination, racism, xenophobia, linguistic superiority, religious bigotry, Messiah Complex, White supremacy, and prejudice, to mention a few. At Colleges/Schools of Education (C/SOE) and their respective colleges and universities, hate and its related problems continue to manifest themselves in these institutions in divergent ways, thereby making them unsafe, unhealthy, and uncomfortable environments to culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) and vulnerable individuals who have been traditionally devalued, disenfranchized, disadvantaged, and disillusioned. In this article, I discuss the dangers of hate in C/SOE and recommend what we can do to boost multiculturalism in these educational environments.

Is Disgust a “Conservative” Emotion?

Extant political–psychological research has identified stable, context-independent differences between conservatives and liberals in a wide range of preferences and psychological processes. One consistent finding is that conservatives show higher disgust sensitivity than liberals. This finding, however, is predominantly based on assessments of disgust to specific elicitors, which confound individuals’ sensitivity and propensity to the experience of disgust with the extent to which they find specific elicitors disgusting. Across five studies, we vary specific elicitors of disgust, showing that the relations between political orientation and disgust sensitivity depend on the specific set of elicitors used. We also show that disgust sensitivity is not associated with political orientation when measured with an elicitor-unspecific scale. Taken together, our findings suggest that the differences between conservatives and liberals in disgust sensitivity are context dependent rather than a stable personality difference. Broader theoretical implications are discussed.

Intuitive forecasting and analytical reasoning: does investor personality matter?

Purpose In spite of an intuitive appeal regarding association between personality and investment efficacy, there is a dearth of empirical support for the effects of theoretically meaningful personality difference on intuitive and analytical ability, which further explains investment efficacy. The current study aims to explore this link using multi-method analysis. Design/methodology/approach In Study 1, the experimental protocol captures intuitive responses of naïve investors in four different investment horizons and maps the findings with personality constituents of the Big Five (Costa and McCrae, 1992), while in Study 2, survey of active investors seeks their preference for intuition or deliberation (PID, Betsch, 2004) in decision-making, along with measuring their investment efficacy and analysing the results on the basis their personality Type A vs Type B. Findings Subjects with lower extraversion tend to have superior forecasting accuracy for gold and dollar, while those with lower neuroticism have tendency of superior forecasting for dollar and Nifty index in mid-term investment. Further, in Study 2, the results indicate superior intuitive ability, analytical ability and investment efficacy of Type B investors. Originality/value The study is unique in two ways. One, it explores the role of personality in ambidextrous decision-making framework, where rationality and intuition iteratively operate in a parallel, yet synchronous, fashion. Two, the study attempts to examine the role of personality in the unique socio-cultural context of an emerging economy such as India with Eastern religious traditions, having strong implications on the personal characteristics of the decision agents.

Observer’s Vision of a personality of a Human, who is Depicted on an Artistic Portrait or a Photograph

Different observers’ visions of the personality of one and the same human, depicted on an artistic portrait or a photograph, where investigated experimentally. The observers’ estimations obtained by a well known method of “Personality Difference”, were used as the analytic tool. The collected data witness, that different methods of presentation lead to different vision of one and the same personality. A considerable individual variability of significantly different scale estimations’ body and quantity depending on the estimated person was discovered. According to the factor analyses, the persons on photographs are generally perceived as being more active (sociable) then on portraits. The dependence between observers’ self-esteems and their estimations of personages’ individual psychological characteristics regardless to presentation method was also discovered.

Personality Difference between Psychotics & Neurotics: A Clinical Analysis

Background: The terms neurotic and psychotic are both used to describe conditions or illnesses that affect mental health. Serious mental illness is associated with increased risk of behavior problems. Therefore, study carried out to investigate the personality traits of psychotics and neurotics. Methods: Study examined personality dimension of 88 subjects select between two age group 20-25 and 40-45 purposively. The study was conducted on 44 indoor psychotics (20 male & 24 female) and 44 outdoor neurotics (18 male & 26 female). Study was conducted in Bareilly mental hospital, Bareilly India. Dimension Personality Inventory (DPI) was administered on all the included subjects. Result: Neurotics are more enthusiastic in comparison to psychotic participants on the dimension of personality inventory. Conclusion: psychotic female found to be more emotionally instable in comparison to neurotic female.

Personality of Healthy Young Adults with Sleep Paralysis

Sleep paralysis occurs in normal persons. This phenomenon had been studied psychoanalytically or in terms of the deviation of the victims' personality. This present study aimed to assess the personalities of such persons by using the MMPI and the Maudsley Personality Inventory. The subjects showed a slightly higher mean T score on the MMPI Paranoia Scale than those who did not have this experience. Although this personality difference might be related to the occurrence of the phenomenon, this difference is probably too small to take a major role. It is unlikely that the subjects developed paranoic behavior through their experiences of sleep paralysis, since their experiences were very few. Some of the subjects might have only overestimated their behavior and experiences concerning delusions and hallucinations, with the result that their Paranoia scores were higher and perhaps their kanashibari experiences exaggerated.