Effect of Silver Nano Particle Microalgae Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Dunaliella salina on Growth and Survival of Penaeus monodon Larvae

Penaeus monodon is one of the most important farmed crustaceans. Its also known as Asia Tiger Shrimp because its carapace and abdomen are transversely banded with red and white. The use of synthetic antibiotic in aquaculture had caused problems related to health and environmental safety. Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Dunaliella salina are photosynthetic microalgae. Silver nano particle in microalgae C. pyrenoidosa and D. salina had synthesized and showed their growth stability. They offer a potency to be exploited to supported growth and survival of shrimp larvae. The objective of the study was the application of silver nano particle in microalgae C. pyrenoidosa and D. salina on P. monodon larvae. The research methodology was carried out by making microalgae C. pyrenoidosa and D. salina containing silver nano particle and used as feed of shrimp larvae. Observations were made on the growth and survival of shrimp larvae compared to both microalgae and common feed. The results showed that the P. monodon larvae have the higher growth and survival rate with microalgae C. pyrenoidosa at the beginning of their growth compared to D. salina. However, microalgae without nanosilver and common feed showed a better result for growth and activity of shrimp larvae.

IMPLEMENTASI STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA DALAM PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITAS KARYAWAN PADA ERA REVOLUSI INDUSTRI 4.0

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi strategi pengembangan sumber daya manusia dalam peningkatan produktivitas karyawan pada era revolusi industri 4.0. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif, yakni penelitian yang dimaksudkan untuk memahami fenomena yang dialami oleh subyek penelitian dan menghasilkan data deskriptif berupa kata-kata yang tertulis dan perilaku orang-orang yang diamati. Sedangkan untuk analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan analisis SWOT. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan diketahui bahwa implementasi strategi pengembangan sumber daya manusia telah dilakukan pada PT. SAN melalui penerapan fungsi manajemen yang yang ketat dan berdasarkan hasil analisis SWOT diketahui bahwa PT. SAN berada pada level V (lima) dari Matriks Internal Eksternal (IE) dimana posisi perusahaan berada pada strategi pertumbuhan atau growth oriented strategy, strategi ini mengidentifikasikan keadaan perusahaan yang kuat dan mampu untuk terus berkembang dengan mengambil kesempatan dan peluang yang ada untuk meraih profit yang maksimal. Dimana total weighted score kekuatan-kelemahan sebesar 2.501504 sedangkan total weighted score peluang-ancaman sebesar 2.563642 yang mengidentifikasikan bahwa perusahaan berada pada Growth Stability Strategy yaitu strategi yang memiliki potensi yang kuat dan beberapa pertimbangan strategi dalam rencana pengembangan kinerja tanpa harus mengubah strategi yang sudah diterapkan.

A combination of climate, tree diversity and local human disturbance determine the stability of dry Afromontane forests

Background Anthropogenic disturbances are increasingly affecting the vitality of tropical dry forests. The future condition of this important biome will depend on its capability to resist and recover from these disturbances. So far, the temporal stability of dryland forests is rarely studied, even though identifying the important factors associated with the stability of the dryland forests could serve as a basis for forest management and restoration. Methodology In a degraded dry Afromontane forest in northern Ethiopia, we explored remote sensing derived indicators of forest stability, using MODIS satellite derived NDVI time series from 2001 to 2018. Resilience and resistance were measured using the anomalies (remainders) after time series decomposition into seasonality, trend and remainder components. Growth stability was calculated using the integral of the undecomposed NDVI data. These NDVI derived stability indicators were then related to environmental factors of climate, topography, soil, tree species diversity, and local human disturbance, obtained from a systematic grid of field inventory plots, using boosted regression trees in R. Results Resilience and resistance were adequately predicted by these factors with an R2 of 0.67 and 0.48, respectively, but the model for growth stability was weaker. Precipitation of the wettest month, distance from settlements and slope were the most important factors associated with resilience, explaining 51% of the effect. Altitude, temperature seasonality and humus accumulation were the significant factors associated with the resistance of the forest, explaining 61% of the overall effect. A positive effect of tree diversity on resilience was also important, except that the impact of species evenness declined above a threshold value of 0.70, indicating that perfect evenness reduced the resilience of the forest. Precipitation of the wettest month was the most important factor explaining 43.52% of the growth stability variation. Conclusion A combination of climate, topographic factors and local human disturbance controlled the stability of the dry forest. Also tree diversity is an important stability component that should be considered in the management and restoration programs of such degraded forests. If local disturbances are alleviated the recovery time of dryland forests could be shortened, which is vital to maintain the ecosystem services these forests provide to local communities and global climate change.

Economic Stability and (or) Economic Growth

The article is devoted to consideration of two directions of state economic policy — maintaining economic stability and ensuring economic growth. The coronavirus pandemic has divided the world into “before and after”. In the previous period, the financial policy in Russia was based on the principle of macroeconomic stability. It would seem that the macroeconomic stability that has existed for several years has created the basis for economic growth in the country, but it has not been possible to realize the growth potential of the Russian economy. Economic stability is an important criterion for the economy. Only economic stability can be different.The economic stability of the Russian economy in the previous period is the economic stability of stagnation, because the cornerstone of the economic stabilization policy was maintaining a low inflation rate by artificially slowing down demand. N ow this economic stability of stagnation was overturned by the coronavirus epidemic due to a decrease in budget revenues and an increase in budget spending, which results in the threat of inflation.The purpose of the article is to substantiate the necessity and possibility of transition to a new form of economic stability — economic growth stability

THE CHAOTIC RECEIPTS GROWTH MODEL: INTERNATIONAL TOURISM

International tourism receipts are expenditures by international inbound visitors. These receipts include payments to national carriers for international transport. The basic aims of this paper are: firstly, to create a relatively simple chaotic receipts growth model that is capable of generating stable equilibria, cycles, or chaos, and secondly, to analyze the world receipts growth stability in the period 1995-2018. This paper confirms the existence of the stable growth path of the world receipts in the observed period.

Discerning Effects of Climate Variability, Local Land Degradation and Tree Species Diversity on Remote Sensing Derived Resilience and Resistance of Dry Afromontane Forest

Introduction: Anthropogenic disturbances are increasingly affecting the vitality of tropical dry forests. The future condition of this important biome will depend on its capability to resist, and recover from these disturbances. So far, the temporal stability of dryland forests is rarely studied, but could serve as a basis for forest management and restoration. Methodology: In a degraded dry Afromontane forest in northern Ethiopia, we explored remote sensing derived indicators of forest stability, using MODIS satellite derived NDVI time series from 2001 to 2018. Resilience, resistance and variability were measured using the anomalies (remainders) after time series decomposition into seasonality, trend and remainder components. Growth stability was calculated using the integral of the undecomposed NDVI data. These NDVI derived stability indicators were then related to environmental factors of climate, topography, soil, tree species diversity, and disturbance, obtained from a systematic grid of field inventory plots, using boosted regression trees in R. Resilience and resistance were adequately predicted by these factors with an R2 of 0.67 and 0.48, respectively, but the models for variability and growth stability were weaker. Precipitation of the wettest month, distance from settlements and slope were the most important factors associated with resilience, explaining 51% of the effect. Altitude, temperature seasonality and humus accumulation were the significant factors associated with the resistance of the forest, explaining 61% of the overall effect. A positive effect of tree diversity on resilience was also significant, except that the impact of species evenness declined above a threshold value of 0.70, indicating that perfect evenness reduced the resilience of the forest. Conclusion: A combination of climate, topographic variables and disturbance indicators controlled the stability of the dry forest. Tree diversity is an important component that should be considered in the management and restoration programs of such degraded forests. If local disturbances are alleviated the recovery time of dryland forests could be shortened, which is vital to maintain the ecosystem services these forests provide to local communities and global climate change.