Sensitivity and Specificity in Urine Bladder Cancer Markers – Is it that Simple?

Marker research and, in particular urine bladder cancer marker research throughout the past three decades, devours enormous scientific resources in terms of manpower (not to mention time spent on reviewing and editorial efforts) and financial resources finally generating large numbers of manuscripts without affecting clinical decision making. This is mirrored by the fact that current guidelines do not recommend marker use due to missing level 1 evidence. Although we recognize the problems and obstacles, the authors of this commentary feel that the time has come to abandon the current procedures and move on to prospective trial designs implementing marker results into clinical decision making. Our thoughts and concerns are summarized in this comment.

Primar Urinary Bladder Endometriosis: Laparoscopic Approach towards Therapeutic Mapping

Endometriosis of genital tract consists a controversial entity arising from current bibliography. Many conducted studies suggested a variety of pathophysiologic mechanisms in order to establish proper diagnosis and treatment. In many cases development of endometrial tissue outside endometrial cavity, can lead to depiction of physical symptomatology with unexpected clinical route. Besides, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia and decrease of fertility capability, endometriosis can infiltrate many intraperitoneal organs such as urine bladder, rectum, or even mesenterium and lungs. Primary bladder endometriosis represents a very rare entity among female reproductive patients. Ultimate scope remains fertility preservation and increase of patient’s quality of life. Aim of our study reflects assiduous diagnosis and depiction of proper therapeutic strategy

Cystoscopy Coagulation of Vesicovaginal Fistula. A Case Report and Mini Review of the Literature

Myomas represent the most common benign type of female genital track. Therapeutic mapping is strongly associated with age of the patient, number and location of the myomas and patient’s reproductive capacity. Among the future operative and postoperative complications consist communication of vaginal wall with local organs, formation of a fistula. Adjunction and further anatomic penetration between vaginal wall and urine bladder epithelium, can depict a vesicovaginal fistula. After proper diagnosis, therapeutic mapping depends on the type of the fistula and surgical intervention in order to ensure patient’s quality of life. Aim of our study, consists proper diagnosis and conservative management of vesicovaginal fistula. Cystoscopy therapeutic strategy with proper follow up represents an alternative treatment of choice, avoiding compound surgical interventions.

Polycyanoacrylate (super glue) as bladder concretion in a patient after bilateral inguinal hernioplasty

A rare case of cyanoacrylate urine bladder urolithiasis in a 60-year-old male is presented. The application of surgical glue (Glubran) as treatment of seroma one month after laparoscopic inguinal hernioplasty led to the instillation of the n-butyl cyanoacrylate into the bladder resulting in the formation of a concretion. Infrared spectroscopy of the urine stone removed by cystoscopic laser lithotripsy four months after the surgery allowed the identification of the nature of the stone and revealed cyanoacrylate as the major component and co-monomer methacryloxy sulfolane as the minor component. Polypropylene from the mesh was not detected.

12S-rRNA and COX1 carriers require comprehensive individual and family investigations and follow-up

In a recent article, Ding et al. reported about the diagnostic-work up of non-syndromic hearing loss in a Han Chinese family revealing two different mtDNA mutations [1]. The two variants were made responsible for the phenotype but there are some concerns with regard to the reliability of the presented data. The main shortcoming of the study is that no heteroplasmy rates of the m.1494C>T and m.7444G>A variant were provided. Phenotypic expression of an mtDNA variant may not only depend on the type and location of a mutation, on the penetrance, haplotypes, and polymorphisms, but also on heteroplasmy rates. Thus, we should be informed about heteroplasmy rates in hair follicles, fibroblasts, buccal mucosa cells, lymphocytes, muscle cells, or urine bladder epithelial cells and if heteroplasmy rates differed between these cell types. It should be also provided if heteroplasmy rates correlated with the severity of the phenotype.

LC-MS/MS based quantitation of ciprofloxacin and its application to antimicrobial resistance study in Balb/c mouse plasma, urine, bladder and kidneys

The authors proposed a simple, high throughput liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) method for the determination of ciprofloxacin in small sample volumes of plasma, urine, bladder and kidneys of mice.

BREASTMILK PRODUCTION OF MOTHER WITH POST CAESAREAN SECTION GIVEN OKETANI AND OXITOCYN MASSAGE

Introduction: Oketani massage and oxytocin is one of the breast care methods that do not cause pain. Massage can stimulate oketani pectoralis muscle strength to increase milk production and make the breasts become more soft and elastic so meumudahkan baby to suck milk. Massage oketani will also provide a sense of relief and an overall comfortable on respondents, improving the quality of breast milk, to prevent mastitis and nipple blisters and can fi x / reduce lactation problems caused by putting a fl at (fl at nipples), nipples that enter into (inverted). Method: This research was a quasi experimental with post test only design. Result: The results showed that there are different breastfeeding frequency, frequency of bowel, bladder frequency of respondents who do massage and oxytocin oketani. Discussion: one milk production assessment is to assess the frequency and volume of urine bladder baby. Normal babies will urinate 6-8 times a day, with a clear yellow color of urine is urine volume between 30-50 mg daily. This result is consistent with research conducted by Budiarti (2009) and Mardianingsih (2010) which states that the milk production can be judged from the frequency of micturition babies as many as 6-8 times a dayKey words: oketani massage, oxytocin massage, milk production