Experience of Iranian Women With Multiple Sclerosis About Urinary Dysfunctions Consequences: A Qualitative Study

Background and Objectives: This study aimed to identify the experiences of women with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) about urinary dysfunctions consequences. Methods: This qualitative study with the content analysis approach included 10 women with MS (age range: 29 to 59 years), who were recruited using a purposive sampling method with maximum variation. Through semi-structured in-depth interviews, the participants explained their experiences of urinary dysfunctions consequences. The obtained data were analyzed based on the content analysis method of Graneheim and Lundman. Results: The content analysis revealed three key themes: Physical consequences, psycho-emotional consequences, and economic consequences. Conclusion: Urinary dysfunctions cause widespread physical, psychological, and economic problems for women with MS. Therefore, treatment staff should address the MS patient’s concerns caused by urinary dysfunctions, in a non-threatening atmosphere, and help them to fearlessly manage their urinary problems.

Freezing More than Gait: A Case Report of Freezing of Urination (FOU) in Parkinson’s Disease

Freezing of gait (FOG) is a disabling phenomenon that is described by patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Not only gait may be involved in the freezing phenomenon, but also some nonmotor symptoms, such as freezing of urination (FOU) in this case. The characters of urinary dysfunctions in this case resemble “off” freezing: (1) abrupt difficulty in starting or continuing in urination; (2) the urinary dysfunctions fluctuated with medication state; and (3) the urinary dysfunctions could be alleviated dramatically by an external cueing. Urinary dysfunctions in this patient (and maybe more PD patients) are associated not only with the classical “nonmotor symptoms” but also the freezing phenomenon. FOU could be a part of the spectrum of freezing symptoms. The subtypes of the freezing phenomenon will shed light on the PD pathophysiology and clinical treatment.

Urinary dysfunction in patients with unsatisfactory results of surgical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia

OBJECTIVE. The study aimed to develop diagnostics and treatment of urinary dysfunction in patients with unsatisfactory results of surgery of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). MATERIAL AND METHODS. The urodynamic studies were made for 93 (72,7 %) patients after transurethral resection of the prostate and 35 (27,3 %) patients after open adenomectomy. All the patients had urinary dysfunctions after surgery of BPH. RESULTS. Detrusor hyperactivity was revealed in 51 (39,9 %) patients. Detrusor hypoactivity was noted in 21 (16,4 %) patients. Combination of detrusor hyperactivity during storage phase and detrusor hypoactivity during emptying phase had 25 (19,5 %) patients. Infravesical obstruction was detected in 22 (17,2 %). Urgent incontinence was diagnosed in 10 cases. There were 9 patients with signs of stress and condition combined with predomination of stress component. Treatment depended on the causes of urination dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS. Results of urodynamic studies allowed doctors to implement pathogenically verified therapy of urinary dysfunction after surgery of benign prostatic hyperplasia and improve its efficacy.

Evaluating the voiding spot assay in mice: a simple method with complex environmental interactions

The voiding spot assay (VSA) on filter paper is an increasingly popular method for studying lower urinary tract physiology in mice. However, the ways VSAs are performed differ significantly between laboratories, and many variables are introduced compared with the mouse’s normal housing situation. Rodents are intelligent social animals, and it is increasingly understood that social and environmental stresses have significant effects on their physiology. Surprisingly, little is known about whether change of environment during VSA affects mouse voiding and what the best methodologies are for retaining “natural” micturition patterns. It is well known that stress-related neuropeptide corticotropin-releasing factor is significantly elevated and induces dramatic voiding changes when rodents encounter stresses. Therefore we hypothesized that changes in the environmental situation could potentially alter voiding during VSA. We have examined multiple factors to test whether they affect female mouse voiding patterns during VSA, including cage type, cage floor, water availability, water bottle location, single or group housing, and different handlers. Our results indicate that mice are surprisingly sensitive to changes in cage type and floor surface, water bottle location, and single/group housing, each of which induces significant changes in voiding patterns, indicative of a stress response. In contrast, neither changing handler nor 4 h of water deprivation affected voiding patterns. Our data indicate that VSA should be performed under conditions as close as possible to the mouse’s normal housing. Optimizing VSA methodology will be useful in uncovering voiding alterations in both genetic and disease models of lower urinary dysfunctions.

Association Between Urinary Symptoms and Urinary Tract Infection in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis

<p><strong>BACKGROUND &amp; OBJECTIVE: </strong>Urinary dysfunctions occur in the majority of MS patients and these patients are at higher risks of developing UTI due to multiple reasons. We determined to study the association between different urinary symptoms and UTI in MS patients.</p> <p><strong>MATERIAL &amp; METHOD:</strong><em> </em>Eighty seven MS patients that referred to our medical care center with an acute attack of the disease, from November 2012 to April 2014, were included in the study. Patients were classified into two groups based on their urine culture results: UTI positive and non-UTI patients. The prevalence of different types of urinary symptoms was then compared among the two groups.</p> <p><strong>RESULT: </strong>The mean age of our patients was 36.8 years old. From the total 87 patients, 83 (95.4%) were female. Overall 56.3% of patients displayed urinary symptoms. The most prevalent urinary problems were urinary incontinence and frequency (25.3% and 24.1%, respectively). A positive urinary culture was seen in 71.3% of the patients. The prevalence of urinary problems was significantly higher in UTI patients in comparison to non-UTI patients (64.5% and 40% in UTI and non-UTI patients, respectively; p=0.036). Separately none of the different urinary symptoms displayed a significant difference between UTI and non-UTI patients (p&gt;0.05).</p> <p><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong><em> </em>Not a single symptom can be diagnostic of UTI, but MS patient with urinary tract infections do present more urinary symptoms and this can be an indication for further urine analysis and screening measures for MS patients who display more urinary symptoms.</p>