Gravitational Lensing of Continuous Gravitational Waves

Continuous gravitational waves are analogous to monochromatic light and could therefore be used to detect wave effects such as interference or diffraction. This would be possible with strongly lensed gravitational waves. This article reviews and summarises the theory of gravitational lensing in the context of gravitational waves in two different regimes: geometric optics and wave optics, for two widely used lens models such as the point mass lens and the Singular Isothermal Sphere (SIS). Observable effects due to the wave nature of gravitational waves are discussed. As a consequence of interference, GWs produce beat patterns which might be observable with next generation detectors such as the ground based Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer, or the space-borne LISA and DECIGO. This will provide us with an opportunity to estimate the properties of the lensing system and other cosmological parameters with alternative techniques. Diffractive microlensing could become a valuable method of searching for intermediate mass black holes formed in the centres of globular clusters. We also point to an interesting idea of detecting the Poisson–Arago spot proposed in the literature.

Influence of monoterpenoids on the growth of freshwater cyanobacteria

Cyanobacteria are characterized by a very high tolerance to environmental factors. They are found in salt water, fresh water, thermal springs, and Antarctic waters. The wide spectrum of habitats suitable for those microorganisms is related to their particularly effective metabolism; resistance to extreme environmental conditions; and the need for only limited environmental resources such as water, carbon dioxide, simple inorganic salts, and light. These metabolic characteristics have led to cyanobacterial blooms and the production of cyanotoxins, justifying research into effective ways to counteract the excessive proliferation of these microorganisms. A new and interesting idea for the immediate reduction of cyanobacterial abundance is to use natural substances with broad-spectrum biological activity to restore phytoplankton diversity. This study describes the effects of selected monoterpenoid derivatives on the development of cyanobacterial cultures. In the course of the study, some compounds ((±)-citronellal, (+)-α-pinene) showed the ability to inhibit the colonization of the tested photosynthetic bacteria, while others (eugenol, eucalyptol) stimulated the growth of these microorganisms. By analyzing the results of these experiments, information was obtained on the mutual relations of cyanobacteria and the tested monoterpenes, which are present in the aquatic environment. Key points • Monoterpenoids significantly inhibit the growth of single cyanobacterial strains. • Monoterpenoids can inhibit the growth of cyanobacterial consortia. • Natural substances can control the growth of freshwater cyanobacteria.

Planning and Analysis of Steel Warehouse under Seismic Load at Joints using ANSYS

The postulation was about underlying examination of recognized pieces of a Dome stockroom building. The parts broke down included: rooftop bracket, sections and consequently the joints of the design. The pieces of the structure picked were viewed as the preeminent pivotal particularly given the stacking conditions. The three significant burdens following up on the design included: live burden, wind load and the construction's own weight. The primary motivation behind the examination was to recognize portions of the structure which experienced high stresses. The underlying architects go over investigation and plan of different constructions whose target planning protected, functional, solid and conservative designs. This exposition work of Analysis and plan of distribution center is an interesting idea in primary designing. The Major piece of the theory remember examination and plan of stockroom for programming ANSYS and further planning physically and estimations are appeared exhaustively for extra agreement. Proposal begins with presentation and configuration measure which clarifies about significance of stockroom. In technique we comprehend the ideas of primary arranging include field work and assessment subtleties. Foundational layout steps additionally explained. Steel is one of the most amicable ecological materials which is 100% recyclable. Displayed structure is appeared, examination and configuration is done in programming and results are appeared in plain structures and explicitly by taking a reference of one undertaking subtleties physically plan computations are finished beginning from load estimations, purlin, plan of base plate, cap plate bracket associations and balance, at long last we need to comprehend the benefits and inconveniences of planning in programming and physically and challenges which are clarified in ends obviously.

Dirac 4x1 Wavefunction Recast into a 4x4 Type Wavefunction

As currently understood, the Dirac theory employs a 4 x1 type wavefunction. This 4x1 Dirac wavefunction is acted upon by a 4x4 Dirac Hamiltonian operator, in which process, four independent particle solutions result. Insofar as the real physical meaning and distinction of these four solutions, it is not clear what these solutions really mean. We demonstrate herein that these four independent particle solutions can be brought together under a single roof wherein the Dirac wavefunction takes a new form as a 4x4 wavefunction. In this new formation of the Dirac wavefunction, these four particle solutions precipitate into three distinct and mutuality dependent particles that are eternally bound in the same region of space. Given that Quarks are readily found in a mysterious threesome cohabitation-state eternally bound inside the Proton and Neutron, we make the suggestion that these Dirac particles might be Quarks. For the avoidance of speculation, we do not herein explore this idea further but merely present it as a very interesting idea worthy of further investigation. We however must say that, in the meantime, we are looking further into this very interesting idea, with the hope of making inroads in the immediate future.

Nitrofurazone Removal from Water Enhanced by Coupling Photocatalysis and Biodegradation

(1) Background: Environmental contamination with antibiotics is particularly serious because the usual methods used in wastewater treatment plants turn out to be insufficient or ineffective. An interesting idea is to support natural biodegradation processes with physicochemical methods as well as with bioaugmentation with efficient microbial degraders. Hence, the aim of our study is evaluation of the effectiveness of different methods of nitrofurazone (NFZ) degradation: photolysis and photodegradation in the presence of two photocatalysts, the commercial TiO2-P25 and a self-obtained Fe3O4@SiO2/TiO2 magnetic photocatalyst. (2) Methods: The chemical nature of the photocatalysis products was investigated using a spectrometric method, and then, they were subjected to biodegradation using the strain Achromobacter xylosoxidans NFZ2. Additionally, the effects of the photodegradation products on bacterial cell surface properties and membranes were studied. (3) Results: Photocatalysis with TiO2-P25 allowed reduction of NFZ by over 90%, demonstrating that this method is twice as effective as photolysis alone. Moreover, the bacterial strain used proved to be effective in the removal of NFZ, as well as its intermediates. (4) Conclusions: The results indicated that photocatalysis alone or coupled with biodegradation with the strain A. xylosoxidans NFZ2 leads to efficient degradation and almost complete mineralization of NFZ.

CHARACTERIZATION OF DISKCYCLIC OPERATORS

In this article we discuss an interesting idea related to characte rization of diskcyclicity phenomena. We use the Diskcyclic Crit erion to characterize the subsets Γ of ℂ for which the notion of Γ-supe rcyclicity coincides with the notion of diskcyclicity. In particular , we give a complete description of the subset Γ. The necessi ty and sufficiency conditions on the subset Γ were prese nted. Some examples were exhibited to illustrate the proofs and the relationship among different classes of the operators.

Responsibilities of the Church Steward in the Light of The Canons of Pseudo-Athanasius

The office of a steward was known in Egypt back in the time of the Pharaohs. It appears that in the East, this function first emerged in the structures of the Egyptian Church. The Canons of Pseudo-Athanasius, which probably come from the first half of the 5th century, show the author’s views on how the church stewards fulfilled their duties. Pseudo-Athanasius not only outlined the criteria to be met by these administrators, but also indicated the date by which, in his opinion, they should be solemnly appointed. In addition, this source informs us how these church administrators were supposed to fulfill their obligation to collect and secure church property for the Church’s charitable activities. The author emphasized that the steward played a key role in how efficiently actions in support of the poor were implemented, however, he also observed that these tasks were fully dependent on the will of the local bishop. Pseudo-Athanasius also devoted considerable attention to the important problem of the dishonesty of some administrators. Therefore, he postulated that the vaults and granaries should be secured with seals by a commission and that they be opened in the same way. The author had an interesting idea to create a reserve in the treasury, which, in the event of a cataclysm or other calamity, would provide food for the community. Undoubtedly, the Canons of Pseudo-Athanasius are an extremely valuable source that deepens our knowledge about the work of church stewards at that time. There are numerous indications that the author included his own observations in them. However, it should be remembered that the description of the steward’s duties presented here is a model proposition, therefore, in order to obtain a more complete picture, it should be confronted with other sources from the era.

On the topological convergence of multi-rule sequences of sets and fractal patterns

In many cases occurring in the real world and studied in science and engineering, non-homogeneous fractal forms often emerge with striking characteristics of cyclicity or periodicity. The authors, for example, have repeatedly traced these characteristics in hydrological basins, hydraulic networks, water demand, and various datasets. But, unfortunately, today we do not yet have well-developed and at the same time simple-to-use mathematical models that allow, above all scientists and engineers, to interpret these phenomena. An interesting idea was firstly proposed by Sergeyev in 2007 under the name of “blinking fractals.” In this paper we investigate from a pure geometric point of view the fractal properties, with their computational aspects, of two main examples generated by a system of multiple rules and which are enlightening for the theme. Strengthened by them, we then propose an address for an easy formalization of the concept of blinking fractal and we discuss some possible applications and future work.

Electrical Pole Climbing Robot for Fault Detection using Wi-Fi

This project is to create electrical pole climbing robot which can be used to reduce risk of electrician to connect the distribution lines for supplying purposes. Pole climbing robot, nowadays, is very common and interesting idea, which mainly works by connecting the distribution lines according to the directions given to it. In this modern era robots are being developed for various purposes to accomplish many tasks which seem to be complex and life endangering for humans. Benefits of using robots have been immense in terms of risk-free, speed and efficiency of doing required tasks compared to that of humans. The main objective of this work is to save human lives. Considering on that issue, a pole climbing robot has been designed. However, further modifications of this work might be able to perform the wiring and repairing tasks instead of an electrician. The developed robot works on the principle of linear motor, which is partially autonomous. With the installation of this project, risk of human injuries and death can be minimized while working in the distribution lines which is the main consideration of this project.

Verifying the Test Methods and Certification Criteria for New Technological Convergence Products: Using Living Labs as a Methodology

The recent industrial transformation driven by industry 4.0 and related emerging technologies, such as big data and Internet of Things (IoT), have exerted significant impacts on the key aspects of new product development. As an example, new smart products are being developed in various ways through technological convergence. The convergence-oriented development of new products, however, may increase the difficulty of getting tested and certified due to the incompatibility with the existing certification standards. Additionally, it may take several years to develop and verify new standards, possibly delaying the product launch. To deal with this trouble, this study proposes an interesting idea that living labs can be effectively used in verifying the test methods and certification criteria for new technological convergence products (NCPs). Specifically, this study develops a framework for analyzing the real-use environment of NCPs and deriving the primary living lab components that should be implemented for verification purposes. The presented framework is then applied to real NCP cases to check its validity. To the best of my knowledge, this study is among the first elaborating the idea of using living labs as the methodology for verifying the test methods and certification criteria for NCPs. The specific methods developed in this study can be used as important guidelines that practitioners can follow step by step. Theoretically, this study also has significant implications for living lab literature and context-related research.