Screening of Biosurfactant Producing Bacteria Isolated from Hydrocarbon Contaminated Site and Their Potential in Biosorption of Pb(II) and Oil Biodegradation

In the present study, three potentially Pb(II)-resistant and biosurfactant-producing bacterial strains were isolated from a total of 23 strains using various screening methods, investigated for their biosorption of Pb(II) and used for the biodegradation of used motor oil. The results show that strain E1 (Bacillus haynesii) has significantly high efficiency in biodegradation of used motor oil, up to 82 % in the first three days. Maximum Pb(II) biosorption capacities of 238.09 mg/g and 99.01 mg/g were determined for strains E1 and F5 (Pseudomonas aeruginosa), respectively. The biosorption process was found to be in good agreement with the Langmuir isotherm for both E1 (R2 = 0.9614) and F5 (R2 = 0.9646), suggesting monolayer biosorption. The four common screening methods, namely the haemolytic assay, the determination of surface tension, the emulsifying activity and the foam test, were also correlated with the Pearson correlation method.

Management of Solid Waste Deposited in Landfill of Used Motor Oil Recovery Units Via Production of Zeolite A With Proper Cation Exchange Capacity by Fusion Technique

The efficient management of solid waste deposited in the landfill of used motor oil recovery units is an important environmental challenge which is originated from the regeneration by bentonite as an effective adsorbent. The current study was attempted to convert the black waste into zeolite based compounds through fusion technique. The collected waste powder were mixed with sodium hydroxide, and boehmite followed by treatment at different temperatures, 600-800 °C. Then, the obtained precursors were hydrothermally converted to zeolite A or hydroxysodalite. The effect of parameters like alkalinity, boehmite, and sodium aluminate ratios, fusion temperature, and aging time on structural characteristics, and cation exchange capacity (CEC) were studied in details. The potential of solid waste in the production of zeolite A is significantly affected by mentioned factors which govern on purity, crystallinity, morphology, and CEC. The cation exchange capacity about 190 mg g-1 can be achieved by alkali, and boehmite ratios of 2.00, and 0.53, respectively. The microstructural analyses showed the morphological evolution from rounded shape to sharp edges by fusion at 800 °C due to appropriate recrystallization. Besides, hydrosodalite powder with extended surface area, 77 m2 g-1, could be produced by limited content of boehmite in the presence of NaAlO2.

Optimization of Fruit Garbage Enzymes Requirements for Biocatalytic Remediation of Used Motor Oil-Contaminated Soil

Objectives : In this research work, we investigated the biocatalytic potency of orange and watermelon garbage enzymes in the remediation of used motor oil-contaminated soils. The optimization of the biocatalytic remediation process was evaluated through D-optimal of response surface methodology (RSM) design of design expert.Methods : The optimization of the biocatalytic process was evaluated with D-optimal model of response surface methodology (RSM) design, where input variables in the system were garbage enzymes solutions of orange and watermelon peels (biocatalysts) and two different pollution levels. The two levels of pollution factor considered were 5 and 10 % (w/w) oil pollution levels and used as independent variables; while the response of the system was in oil and grease (O&G) removal as dependent variables that were monitored under 6-week remediation process.Results and Discussion : The result indicated that the model was highly significant and good predictors of the response fate of oil and grease (O&G) removal by the orange and watermelon garbage enzymes, as indicated by their coefficients of determination: R2 = 0.90627 and R2 = 0.88365 at p < 0.05, respectively. Therefore, it was observed from the numerical optimization carried out that 54.2 and 53.8 % O&G removal was achieved with orange garbage enzymes at 5 and 10 % pollution level respectively after six weeks. On the other hand, 54.7 and 55.2 % O&G removal was accomplished with the same pollution level respectively under the influence of watermelon garbage enzymes after six weeks of the remediation process.Conclusion : In response to what was achieved in this research work, the enzymes produced from the orange and watermelon garbage removed oil in terms of O&G from used motor oil-contaminated soils biocatalytically and hence could be applied in the remediation of oil contaminated soils.

Oil Spill Removal from Water Surfaces using Zinc Ferrite Magnetic Nanoparticles as A Sorbent Material

In this study, zinc ferrite magnetic nanoparticles (ZnFe2O4, ZFO MNPs) were employed as a sorbent for the removal of oil spill from water surfaces. ZFO MNPs were synthesized via a sol-gel process and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). Both the apparent density and magnetic force were determined. ZFO MNPs presented a considerable magnetic force (40.22 mN) and an adequate density (0.5287 g/cm3), which are important for the magnetic separation and flotation. Four oil samples (gasoline engine oil, crude oil, used motor oil and diesel engine oil) were used to investigate the gravimetric oil removal capability of ZFO MNPs. The oil sorption capacities were found to be 23.00-6.13, 27.65-7.42, 22.62-7.01 and 30.54-9.93 g/g for crude, diesel engine, gasoline engine, and used motor oil, respectively. The current findings demonstrate that ZFO MNPs exhibit good properties (e.g., magnetic and density) and can be used as a sorbent for oil spill cleaning-up from water surfaces.

Study of corrosion characteristics of motor oils used in gas-diesel engines of BelAZ mining dump trucks

Comparative studies of the corrosion characteristics of motor oils used in internal combustion engines of BelAZ 75131 mining dump trucks using liquefied natural gas - methane - as a motor fuel are presented. It is noted that an increase in the lead concentration in waste oil of internal combustion engines of mining dump trucks can be influenced by the used motor oil when it is interacting with the crank mechanism bearings liners, which have lead in their composition. The research technique is presented. The data on the pH values of the studied neat motor oils and their oil-in-water emulsions are given. It is noted that the effect of moisture and atmospheric oxygen on various types of motor oils of the same manufacturer's brand affects the formation of either water-soluble organic acids that contribute to the corrosion attack on lead or its alloys, or the formation of water-soluble alkaline organic compounds that have a neutral effect on lead and its alloys. This fact suggests that motor oils used in internal combustion engines of mining dump trucks have various corrosion characteristics that eventually affect the content of harmful impurities in waste oils.

Latest Reports in Managing Acidic Sludge of Used Motor Oil Reprocessing Industries

Used Motor Oils Recycling (UMOR) can be fulfilled in different ways depending on the quality and quantity of the fresh oil and the quality of the collected UMO. The Acidic Sludge (AS) is a byproduct of UMOR with hazardous effects and impacts on the environment. It yields 0.15 of each barrel (220 liters) of UMOR operation. The valid and relevant databases were used to discover the latest reports in managing the AS of UMOR operation. The findings of the current review were oriented towards the physical-chemical backbone of AS and its industrial exploitation. The chemical structure of AS was highlighted by a glance view in the recent reports. To sum up, it was recommended to utilize this valuable byproduct in many industrial applications as an additive.