Reliability and effective use of electronic trap monitoring systems based on cellular networks

The deployment of cage traps rather than kill traps can greatly reduce non-target mortality in an invasive species control/eradication operation, but their use is normally constrained by the need for them to be checked frequently on animal welfare grounds. This paper examines the reliability of electronic monitoring devices that use cellular (mobile phone) networks to alert the operator when a trap door closes, and also discusses the management network that is needed to convert an alarm into a timely trap visit without fail. The two monitoring systems tested were 100% reliable in notifying the operator when a trap door closed, and their use reduced the burden of trap visits by 98% compared to the standard protocol of daily checks. As such, these systems can be of great value to campaigns operating large numbers of traps, especially when capture rates are low.

Presence of Witchcraft in the Contemporary Udmurt Village

Based on the author’s fieldwork materials (2007–2021) as well as on sources from scientific literature, this article examines how wizards and witches are seen in today’s Udmurt village. It analyses the characters of these magic specialists within the framework of folk understanding. It explains their role, their activities and their status in the village community, it presents magical methods of combat and self-defence, as well as some trends of late years. The latest field materials show the present narratives about people who master magic strength and secret knowledge, updating the research. This new material highlights the innovative character of the research. The results allow us to say that alongside traditional understandings, there are relatively new cultural phenomena appearing at practically all the levels of the village perception of wizards and witches. The changes in the present world and the ‘fashion’ for magic knowledge give the village community a new focus on tradition. For example, people think that electricity cables, as well as mobile phone networks and satellite antennas, have started to disturb the flights of wizards and witches, and elements from other cultures have been added to magic apotropaic repertoire, etc. Thus, this article follows what is happening presently in Udmurt village communities with regard to the cultural mythical phenomena surrounding the worldview of magical specialists. The results of this research may be a useful basis for further research, and it will be important to observe the further evolution in the village reception of these phenomena.

Mobile Phone Network and Migration: Evidence From Myanmar

This International Migration Review research note explores the effect of the expansion of mobile phone networks on migration decisions in Myanmar. Building on the work of scholars in economics, the empirical strategy uses variation in lightning frequency across space as an instrumental variable for the expansion of mobile phone networks. Our results suggest that villages with longer exposure to mobile phone networks exhibit reductions in out-migration. Specifically, an increase of one standard deviation in the time exposed to mobile phone networks diminishes the probability that household members migrate by 17 percent. We find empirical evidence suggesting that such findings are driven by the positive effects of mobile phone networks on labor market outcomes and the perceived well-being of individuals.

Where the Imaginary Meets the Virtual

Chapter 6 examines how the insurgent landscape has been transformed by the digital revolution; how migrant disaporas and social networks have been brought closer together by digital technologies in the Information Age, and how social movements, once below the radar of states or emergent states, affect and outmaneuver slow-moving bureaucracies. This begs the question: is Propaganda of the Deed active or reactive, truly strategic or opportunistic? The answer lies closer to strategic opportunism, offering a strategy of fluidity able to capitalize on the switch from a one-to-many model of historic communications to a many-to-many model of contemporary communications. Indeed, it exploits to the full the network effect across the Internet and mobile phone networks.

Graph Management Systems: A Qualitative Survey

In the recent years many real-world applications have been modeled by graph structures (e.g., social networks, mobile phone networks, web graphs, etc.), and many systems have been developed to manage, query, and analyze these datasets. These systems could be divided into specialized graph database systems and large-scale graph analytics systems. The first ones consider end-to-end data management issues including storage representations, transactions, and query languages, whereas the second ones focus on processing specific tasks over large data graphs. In this paper we provide an overview of several graph database systems and graph processing systems, with the aim of assisting the reader in identifying the best-suited solution for her application scenario.

Design And Implementation Distributed System Using Java-RMI Middleware

Networks of computers are everywhere. The Internet is one, as are the many networks of which it is composed. Mobile phone networks, corporate networks, factory networks, campus networks, home networks, in-car networks, both separately and in combination, all share the essential characteristics that make them relevant subjects for study under the heading distributed systems. Most organizations use a wide variety of applications for the smooth functioning of their businesses that includes homogenous as well as heterogeneous systems. Heterogeneous systems run on different platforms, use different technologies or sometimes even run on a different network architecture altogether. The essential role of Middleware is to provide a simple environment to manage complex, heterogeneous and distributed infrastructures. The main goal of this paper is to use Java-RMI middleware to build a distributed system for scheduling the threads. The system comprises two separate programs, a server, and a client. A typical server program creates some remote objects, makes references to these objects accessible, and waits for clients to invoke methods on these objects. A typical client program obtains a remote reference to one or more remote objects on a server and then invokes methods on them.

Examining Visitors' Characteristics and Behaviors in Tourist Destinations Through Mobile Phone Users' Location Data

This chapter uses Mobile Kukan Toukei™ (mobile spatial statistics) to collect the location data of mobile phone users in order to count the number of visitors at specific tourist destinations and examine their characteristics. Mobile Kukan Toukei is statistical population data created by an operational data of mobile phone networks. It is possible to estimate the population structure of a region by gender, age, and residence using this service of the company. The locations and characteristics of the individuals obtained herein are derived through a non-identification process, aggregation processing, and concealment processing. Therefore, it is impossible to identify specific individuals. This chapter attempts to identify the number of visitors in different periods and their characteristics based on the location data of mobile phone users collected by the mobile phone company. In addition, it also attempts to demonstrate an alternative method to more accurately infer the number of visitors in specific areas.

Graph Management Systems: A Qualitative Survey

In the recent years many real-world applications have been modeled by graph structures (e.g., social networks, mobile phone networks, web graphs, etc.), and many systems have been developed to manage, query, and analyze these datasets. These systems could be divided into specialized graph database systems and large-scale graph analytics systems. The first ones consider end-to-end data management issues including storage representations, transactions, and query languages, whereas the second ones focus on processing specific tasks over large data graphs. In this paper we provide an overview of several graph database systems and graph processing systems, with the aim of assisting the reader in identifying the best-suited solution for her application scenario.

The effects of exposure to a 900 MHz electromagnetic field on the hatchability of domestic chicken embryos (Gallus gallus domesticus)

From the second half of the 20th century there has been a rapid increase in electromagnetic radiation (EMR), generated in part by mobile phone networks. The aim of the study was to examine the effects of an electromagnetic field (EMF) with a frequency of 900 MHz on the hatchability of chicken embryos. The experimental groups were exposed to the electromagnetic field during the entire incubation period, for 10x4 minutes per day or 1x40 minutes per day. The results obtained indicate that an electromagnetic field with a frequency of 900 MHz, irrespective of the duration of a single exposure, significantly accelerates the process of pipping and hatching. In the experimental groups subjected to electromagnetic radiation the time between pipping and hatching was reduced. No influence of the 900 MHz EMF was observed on the hatching rate, number of developmental defects in the embryos, body weight, or the number of culled chicks.