Iterative learning control for tracking varying-amplitude and morphologically similar targets

To break through the limitation of conventional iterative learning control algorithm (ILC) that requires a fixed target, a new ILC algorithm is designed for tracking the varying-amplitude but morphologically similar targets. First, the problem is formulated, in which the tracking target is selected as varying-amplitude and biased-measured. Then, the process of the ILC algorithm based on a variable-gain-proportional-integral scheme is discussed, in which the magnitude coefficient is defined and calculated by orthogonal projection and utilised to redefine the error and build the refreshment algorithm of the input. Next, the convergence of the algorithm is analysed and the applicational simulation is conducted. Results show that the new ILC algorithm has the ability in dealing with the trajectory of the varying but morphologically similar target and the applicational scenario of the ILC algorithm is expanded.

A PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF TRAPEZOIDAL VARIANTS FOR NUMERICAL CUBATURE

In this work, double integration cubature schemes of Trapezoid type have been focused. Recently, some derivative-based Trapezoid-type schemes have been proposed in literature incorporating derivatives at means of the limits of integration. We carry out the exhaustive performance evaluation of the existing closed Newton-Cotes Trapezoidal (CNCT) double integral scheme with its derivative-based variants in recent literature. The derivative-free and derivative-based rules are discussed in basic forms with local error terms and composite forms with global error terms. The performance of the rules on some double integrals in the form of observed order of accuracy, computational costs and error drops demonstrates the encouraging performance of the derivative-based trapezoidal variants over the derivative-free scheme performing numerical experiments.

AN EFFICIENT TRAPEZOIDAL SCHEME FOR NUMERICAL CUBATURE WITH HERONIAN MEAN DERIVATIVE

This study focuses on the Heronian mean derivative-based numerical cubature scheme to better evaluate double integrals’ infinite limits. The proposed modifications rely on the Trapezoidal-type quadrature and cubature schemes. The aforementioned proposed scheme is important to numerically evaluate the complex double integrals, where the exact value is not available but the approximate values can only be obtained. With regards to higher precision and order of accuracy, the proposed Heronian derivative-based double integral scheme provides efficient results. The discussed scheme, in basic and composite forms, with local and global error terms is presented with necessary proofs with their performance evaluation against conventional Trapezoid rule through some numerical experiments. The consequently observed error distributions of the aforementioned scheme are found to be lower than the conventional Trapezoidal cubature scheme in composite form

Triple Diffusive MHD Casson Fluid Flow Over a Vertical Wall with Convective Boundary Conditions

In this article, we study, effects of triple diffusive on a mixed convective viscous flow of an MHD Casson fluid through a vertical permeable wall numerically with convective BC’s. The governing equations are modeled and derived for the triple diffusive boundary layer flow to examine the fluid's nature under the influence of thermal conductivity and solutal diffusivity. Using an effective and suitable similarity transformation, highly non-linear coupled PDE’s are reduced to a series of coupled ODE’s and are solved by the Shooting technique with the help of the integral scheme of Runge Kutta-Fehlberg. To know the fluid properties' behavior, a numerical computation has been carried out for the non-dimensional parameters, which control the flow and demonstrated through plots such as permeability, convective parameter, Casson parameter, and buoyancy ratio parameters of the physical system. In the absence of a few non-dimensional parameters, present findings are compared with previously published work to validate our numerical scheme and found to be in good agreement with up to six decimal places of accuracy.

MARKETING ACTIVITY AS A WAY TO INCREASE THE COMPETITIVENESS OF SMALL ENTERPRISES

The process of marketing development in small businesses is associated with the formation of their management concepts, which are closely related to product consumers. The basis for the effective functioning of the marketing system in the conditions of small businesses is an integral scheme of organizing the marketing management system based on the influence of factors of the competitiveness of enterprises. The article deals with the main issues of improving the management of the marketing system in the context of conducting business activities by small enterprises. Today, the practice of management and the practice of sales activities is overloaded with a large number of approaches and expert opinions on the management of the marketing complex in modern market conditions of management. However, most of the questions remain rhetorical, and all views are purely advisory in nature. The lack of a comprehensive nature in the development and implementation of concepts, marketing strategies that meet the requirements of an innovative economy makes the process of marketing and sales of finished products time-consuming and quite multi-aspect. Taking into account all aspects and factors of the competitive environment of small enterprises, the necessity and expediency of the development and implementation of a marketing ideology of management based on the concept of integrated marketing is substantiated. The study considers the basic marketing factors of influence from the point of view of enterprise competitiveness. The substantiation of the development of the competitiveness potential of a small enterprise is given. The necessity of marketing management of competitiveness, which is based on the use of tools for assessing small businesses, has been proved. The advantages of marketing management based on the concept of relationship marketing for small businesses are considered. Analysis and generalization of the results of the study made it possible to form an integral scheme for organizing a system for managing the marketing activities of a small enterprise. The paper proposes an innovative model for managing the marketing system in small businesses, which consists of three components: integrated, intra-organizational and marketing interaction, as well as an algorithm for its use based on the use of integrated marketing.

Absolute nodal coordinate finite element approach to the two-dimensional liquid sloshing problems

Two-dimensional large-amplitude liquid sloshing in the rectangular rigid container is numerically simulated through absolute nodal coordinate finite element method, which can describe the large deformation of continuum by using a small number of elements. The incompressible constraint of Newtonian fluid is imposed by the penalty function method. Furthermore, the motion of rigid container is described by absolute nodal coordinate reference node and the liquid kinetic equations are derived in the total Lagrangian formulation, which can easily be combined with the solid nonlinear finite element and the multi-body system algorithms. The free sliding and non-penetrating boundary constraint equations for rectangular tank are derived. To ensure the stability and the conservation of the solution in long time simulations, the system dynamic equations are solved by Bathe integral scheme. Three numerical examples are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, including the free spreading of a square liquid column and the large amplitude sloshing of liquid under rotational and horizontal excitations. A good consistency is obtained by comparing the calculated results with experimental and other numerical results reported in the literature.

Chemical Reaction and Thermal Radiation Effects on MHD Mixed Convection over a Vertical Plate with Variable Fluid Properties

This article investigates the magnetohydrodynamic mixed convective heat, and mass transfer flow of an incompressible, viscous, Boussinesq, electrically conducting fluid from a vertical plate in a sparsely packed porous medium in the presence of thermal radiation and an nth order homogeneous chemical reaction between the fluid and the diffusing species numerically. In this investigation, the fluid and porous properties like thermal and solutal diffusivity, permeability and porosity are all considered to be vary. The governing non-linear PDE's for the fluid flow are derived and transformed into a system of ODE's using an appropriate similarity transformation. The resultant equations are solved numerically using shooting technique and Runge-Kutta integral scheme with the help of Newton-Raphson algorithm in order to know the characteristics of the fluid for various non-dimensional parameters which are controlling the physical system graphically. The results of the numerical scheme are validated and a numerical comparison has been made with the available literature in the absence of some parameters and found that in good agreement. Nomenclature