Fishing in Salty Waters: Poverty, Occupational Saline Exposure, and Women’s Health in the Indian Sundarban

Collecting wild tiger prawn seedlings, also known as prawn post-larvae (PL), from rivers and creeks is an important occupation for more than 100,000 poor women in India’s Sundarban estuarine delta. Prawn PL collecting requires many hours of immersion in saline river water. This paper uses a large household survey to explore the determinants of poor women’s engagement in this occupation and the health impacts. The results reveal high significance for two variables: (i) the opportunity wage, proxied by years of education and (ii) child-care demands, proxied by the household child-dependency ratio. Together, these variables are sufficient to distinguish between women who have no engagement with prawn PL collecting and those with many years of engagement. The probability of self-reported health problems is also significantly higher for women with more saline exposure from prawn PL collecting and whose drinking water is from tube wells with higher salinity.

Effects of different shrimp extracts on Vibrio parahaemolyticus growth and virulence

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is the main causative agent of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) in shrimp. This study aimed to investigate how shrimp extracts affect the growth and virulence of an AHPND-causative strain known as V. parahaemolyticus XN9. To this end, the bacteria was cultured in media containing 3% extract of each of five shrimp types and their growth kinetics were compared against that from bacteria grown in brain-heart infusion (BHI) media. Eight-hour growth curves were constructed using the plate-counting method. The activity of five extracellular enzymes that contribute to bacterial virulence was examined using the agar-based method. The results showed that V. parahaemolyticus XN9’s growth was strongly enhanced in all five shrimp extract media with the highest increase (25% greater than the BHI medium) found in the giant tiger prawn extract. Additionally, all the shrimp extracts boosted the extracellular enzymatic activity of V. parahaemolyticus XN9, although to different extents. In summary, the shrimp extracts, particularly that from the prawns, not only promoted the viability and growth of V. parahaemolyticus XN9 but also its extracellular enzymatic activities.

Production and Disruptions of Prawn and Crab: Basis for Supply Chain Management Strategies

Supply chain management strategies will help the prawn and crab growers mitigate and adapt to the impact of various disruptions such as typhoons, water-borne diseases, and climate change. The study was conducted to determine the production and disruptions and prawn and crab basis for supply chain management strategies of the growers. The study employed a descriptive research design using quantitative data. The study used secondary data for performance and disaster history. A content analysis was used in processing the data. The researchers validated the findings and results of the study, and a random interview was conducted. Findings revealed that disruptions affect the production of prawn and crab, growers have their fishing technique and management practices, supply chain management strategies were not prioritized for value-adding and technology accessibility. A supply chain management strategy may be employed to operate and produce prawns and crabs in the Province of Capiz to achieve profitability and sustainability. It should be noted that the data is from 2011 to 2017. The data coverage is the Province of Capiz and focuses on the volume and value of prawns and crab (tiger prawn, endeavor prawn, and mud crab).

Penggunaan Pakan Bermethamorfosis Pada Perbenihan Udang Windu Penaeus monodon Di Kabupaten Barru

Perkembangan perbenihan udang windu mengalami kemajuan yang sangat pesat, hal ini didukung oleh usaha budidaya yang intensif dengan penerapan teknologi perbenihan yang cukup meningkat, harga yang tinggi dipasar lokal maupun internasional, dan peluang yang luas telah membuat udang windu menjadi komoditas harapan bagi para pengusaha sehingga banyak yang berani menanamkan modal bisnis udang windu ini. Kegiatan pembenihan di Sulawesi Selatan khususnya Desa Kupa Kabupaten Barru merupakan sentra pengembangan Pembenihan Udang Windu. Kegiatan pembenihan mulai dari skala rumah tangga sampai industri. Teknologi dan formulasi pakan yang dikembangkan oleh kelompok dan masyarakat perbenihan belum optimal dalam mendukung peningkatan produksi benih Udang Windu sehingga diperlukan paket teknologi dan formulasi pakan dalam pembenihan udang windu sebagai salah satu solusi dalam optimalisasi peningkatan produksi. The development of tiger shrimp hatchery is progressing very rapidly, this is supported by intensive cultivation efforts with the application of improved seed technology, high prices in local and international markets, and wide opportunities that have made tiger prawns a commodity of hope for entrepreneurs. who dared to invest in this tiger prawn business. Hatchery activities in South Sulawesi, especially Kupa Village, Barru Regency are the center for the development of Windu Shrimp Hatchery. Hatchery activities range from household to industrial scale. Technology and feed formulation developed by hatchery groups and communities have not been optimal in supporting the increase in tiger shrimp seed production, so technology packages and feed formulations in tiger shrimp hatchery are needed as a solution in optimizing increased production.

A DNA microarray for the authentication of giant tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) and whiteleg shrimp (Penaeus (Litopenaeus) vannamei): a proof-of-principle

This proof-of-principle study describes the development of a rapid and easy-to-use DNA microarray assay for the authentication of giant tiger prawns and whiteleg shrimp. Following DNA extraction and conventional end-point PCR of a 16S rDNA segment, the PCR products are hybridised to species-specific oligonucleotide probes on DNA microarrays located at the bottom of centrifuge tubes (ArrayTubes) and the resulting signal patterns are compared to those of reference specimens. A total of 21 species-specific probes were designed and signal patterns were recorded for 47 crustacean specimens belonging to 16 species of seven families. A hierarchical clustering of the signal patterns demonstrated the specificity of the DNA microarray for the two target species. The DNA microarray can easily be expanded to other important crustaceans. As the complete assay can be performed within half a day and does not require taxonomic expertise, it represents a rapid and simple alternative to tedious DNA barcoding and could be used by crustacean trading companies as well as food control authorities for authentication of crustacean commodities. Graphical abstract

XÁC ĐỊNH MỘT SỐ LOÀI ĐỊCH HẠI TRÊN HÀU NUÔI TẠI ĐẦM LẬP AN, THỊ TRẤN LĂNG CÔ, HUYỆN PHÚ LỘC, TỈNH THỪA THIÊN HUẾ

Qua quá trình điều tra cho thấy có 4 nhóm địch hại phổ biến đối với hàu nuôi ở đầm Lập An, thị trấn Lăng Cô, huyện Phú Lộc, tỉnh Thừa Thiên Huế gồm: (i) Họ vẹm (vẹm Xanh (Perna viridis), vẹm Đen (Perna sp.); (ii) Sun (Balanus sp.); (iii) Giun nhiều tơ (Polydora sp.); và (iv) các loài ăn thịt (tôm Sú - Penaeus monodon, cua Xanh - Scylla parapamosain, cá Dìa - Siganus guttatus). Vẹm Xanh (Perna viridis) và vẹm Đen (Perna sp.) giống xuất hiện nhiều vào tháng 4 - tháng 5. Sun (Balanus sp.) xuất hiện nhiều từ tháng 6 - tháng 12, địch hại còn lại xuất hiện hầu như suốt vụ nuôi. Hình thức gây hại chính của địch hại là kí sinh trong, ngoài vỏ và bám chiếm giá thể, còn các loài ăn thịt dùng các cơ quan phá vỡ vỏ hàu để ăn thịt. Tổng sản lượng hàu nuôi tại đầm Lập An là 529,5 tấn/vụ, sản lượng trung bình đạt 8,54 tấn/hộ/vụ. Nghề nuôi hàu mang lại thu nhập cao cho người dân tại đầm Lập An, lợi nhuận các hộ nuôi hàu tại đầm Lập An thu được từ 74 - 118 triệu đồng/vụ. Khi thời tiết không thuận lợi, địch hại hàu nuôi xuất hiện nhiều khi phát triển bùng phát làm giảm năng suất và sản lượng của hàu nuôi. ABSTRACT The investigation showed that there are 4 common harmful groups of oysters in Lap An lagoon, Lang Co town, Phu Loc district, Thua Thien Hue province, including (i) Mussel (Green mussel - Perna viridis, Black mussel - Perna sp.); (ii) Sun (Balanus sp.); (iii) Polychaete (Polydora sp.); and (iv) Predators such as Giant tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon), Mud crab (Scylla parapamosain), Orange spotted spinefoot (Siganus guttatus). Green mussel (Perna viridis), Black mussel (Perna sp.), the breed mainly appears in April - May. Sun (Balanus sp.) mostly appears from June to December, the remaining predators nearly appear during the crop. The main harmful forms of natural enemies are to live as parasites inside, outside of the shell, and clinging to the planktons, while the predators use some of their body parts to break the oysters’ outer shell. The total production of cultured oysters in Lap An lagoon is 529.5 tons/crop, the average yield is 8.54 tons/household/crop. Oyster farming brings high income for people in Lap An lagoon, oyster farming households in Lap An lagoon earn from 74 to 118 million VND/crop. When the weather is unfavorable, the predators of cultured oysters sometimes appear to grow out, reducing the productivity and yield of cultured oysters.

Improved Growth Pattern of Tiger Prawn (TP) Arthropoda in a Pond by Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP)

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a versatile term that is a conclusive remedy to solve the problem using past rational data after deep contemplation using these terms i-e basic statistics, carving data, familiarity with common AI algorithms. Seafood especially tiger prawn export as a busi-ness will provide enormous foreign exchange to any country if the farmers overcome the corre-lated vulnerabilities in prawn farming. This research is elucidating lacking in Tiger prawn (TP) farming like curbing of Oxygen, pH, water temperature, and nutrients, etc. Moreover, hatchery statistics in terms of juveniles will depict this study's clear picture of curbed aquaculture. For normative decisions, the Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) is used. The problem which has been faced by local prawn farmers that there is a stagnant TP growth in ponds, the reason is the predominant sensitivity factor in TP. For this reason, they need indemnification of thirteen fac-tors with natural resources to get the plausible results to get calmness in their lives. This study will solely focus on the TP growth model, and the monitoring effect will be established by the Artificial Intelligence algorithm. This study will employ the AHP, 0-1 scaling method, data cura-tion techniques, and ecological statistics. The life of Tiger Prawn (TP) depends upon these factors mainly, a) Physical and b) Chemical parameters. Physical parameters contain environment (E) provided to TP like season (S) and temperature (T) etc. whereas the quality of Ammonia NH3 (N) from fish waste, Oxygen level (O), and water quality hard & soft (W) lies in chemicals do-main. This research will Elucidate the factors which cause conceptual muddles in the aquamarine life of TP, for this reason, Statistical tools will assess the current result, forecast the gap. AHP will analyze the domain inputs, circumspect ramification which will depict visceral factors, later results depict which pond suits the TP. In curtail, these factors will be curbed to improve the growth of TP in a control conditioned environment.