Design and Research of High Precision Dynamic Torque Measurement System

In this paper, through the FPGA technology and torque measurement system design method for analysis and research, through the use of photoelectric coding circurling measurement function and the difference between the multi-channel code disk torque measurement. In this paper, the characteristics and state of the output signal of the multi-channel code tray are classified, and the principle of torque measurement is analyzed and studied. In this paper, the logic control, data statistics, latch and other contents involved in hardware FPGA technology are analyzed and studied, so as to effectively simplify the system circuit. When the counting data, status signal and other contents are uploaded to the master computer for processing, it is convenient to monitor the vibration of torque signal in real time. By using the upper computer part of the virtual instrument to receive the relevant data of the microcontroller, so as to store, call and process the data, it not only improves the intelligence of the system, but also reduces the use cost of hardware resources.

Frequency Resolved Partial Discharges Based on Spectral Pulse Counting

A partial discharge (PD) classification methodology based counting PD pulses in the spectral domain is proposed and presented in this paper. The spectral counting data are processed using the proposed PD Spectral Pulse Counting Mapping technique (PD-SPCM), which leads to a Frequency-Resolved Partial Discharges (FRPD) map. The proposed map is then used for PD detection and classification. In this work, corona and slot FRPDs are presented in frequency bands up to 500 MHz, obtained from laboratory measurements performed using two hydro-generator stator bars. The electromagnetic signals from the PDs were captured using a patch antenna designed for this purpose and a spectral analyzer. The corona and slot PDs were chosen because one can be mistakenly classified as the other because they may present similar Phase Resolved PD (PRPD) maps and may occupy shared spectral bands. Furthermore, corona and slot PDs can occur concurrently. The obtained results show that the corona and slot PDs can be properly identified using the developed methodology, even when they occur simultaneously. This is possible because, as it is experimentally demonstrated, corona and slot PDs have appreciable levels of spectral pulse counting in particular bands of the frequency spectrum.

Ab initio phasing macromolecular structures using electron-counted MicroED data

Structures of two globular proteins were determined ab initio using microcrystal electron diffraction (MicroED) data that was collected on a direct electron detector in counting mode. Microcrystals were identified using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and thinned with a focused ion-beam (FIB) to produce crystalline lamellae of ideal thickness. Continuous rotation data were collected using an ultra-low exposure rate on a Falcon 4 direct electron detector in electron-counting mode. For the first sample, triclinic lysozyme extending to 0.87 A resolution, an ideal helical fragment of only three alanine residues provided initial phases. These phases were improved using density modification, allowing the entire atomic structure to be built automatically. A similar approach was successful on a second macromolecular sample, proteinase K, which is much larger and diffracted to a modest 1.5 A resolution. These results demonstrate that macromolecules can be determined to sub-Angstrom resolution by MicroED and that ab initio phasing can be successfully applied to counting data collected on a direct electron detector.

Lower Vibrio spp. abundances in Zostera marina leaf canopies suggest a novel ecosystem function for temperate seagrass beds

Seagrasses, a polyphyletic group of about 60 marine angiosperm species, are the foundation of diverse and functionally important marine habitats along sheltered sedimentary coasts. As a novel ecological function with high societal relevance, a role of the seagrass leaf canopy for reducing potentially harmful bacteria has recently been hypothesized in tropical regions, but data for temperate regions are lacking. Here, we tested whether or not the abundance of general bacteria and more specifically, those belonging to the genus Vibrio were reduced within temperate Zostera marina (eelgrass) meadows compared to adjacent sand flats and sampled 5 sites in the south-western Baltic Sea using SCUBA. Compared to non-vegetated area, we found an average reduction of 39% for all Vibrio and 63% for the potentially harmful V. vulnificus/cholerae subtype based on robust plate counting data on Vibrio selective agar. The underlying mechanism of the reduction in bacterial load is currently elusive and clearly merits further study. Our results underline the critical importance of seagrasses in maintaining shallow water ecosystem functioning including water quality and provide further motivation for their protection and restoration.

Incidence of potato green aphid and Lyriomiza sp. in radish plants grown on different levels of organic fertilizer

Radish is a short cycle horticultural product from family Brassicaceae. Between the insects found on radish leaves, potato green aphid (Myzus persicae Sulzer) is one of the main pests of this culture, causing economic damage. Synthetic fertilizers used in conventional crops can promote changes in the pattern of amino acids in plants, leading to a higher insect damage. The source of fertilization is one of the factors that could influence in the incidence of pests. The objective of the study was to evaluate the incidence of potato green aphid and other pests on radish plants grown with different doses of organic fertilizer. The experiment was carried under semi-field conditions, in Fortaleza (Ceará State). A completely randomized design was used, with six replicates. The treatments consisted of five doses of organic compost (0; 45; 60; 75; 90 t.ha-1). For the population survey of pests and natural enemies, counts were made in three evaluations (7, 14 and 21 days after sowing). The counting data were subjected to deviance analysis using a generalized linear model (GLM). It was observed significant differences in the number of adults M. persicae in the treatments of 75 and 90 t.ha-1. Presence of leafminer (Lyriomiza sp.) was observed on plants without and with the lower doses of organic fertilizer. Even using organic fertilizers that promote a slower liberation of nutrients, high incidence of pests (Mainly M. persicae) was observed on radish plants.

Supplemental Material: Sedimentology, geochronology, and provenance of the late Cenozoic “Yangtze Gravel”: Implications for Lower Yangtze River reorganization and tectonic evolution in southeast China

Additional data include counting data of clasts, heavy minerals and fossil pollens, U-Pb data of detrital zircons, and representative pictures of fossil wood and detrital zircons.

Supplemental Material: Sedimentology, geochronology, and provenance of the late Cenozoic “Yangtze Gravel”: Implications for Lower Yangtze River reorganization and tectonic evolution in southeast China

Additional data include counting data of clasts, heavy minerals and fossil pollens, U-Pb data of detrital zircons, and representative pictures of fossil wood and detrital zircons.

Lower Vibrio spp. abundances in Zostera marina leaf canopies suggest a novel ecosystem function for temperate seagrass beds

Seagrasses, a polyphyletic group of about 60 marine angiosperm species, are the foundation of diverse and functionally important marine habitats along sheltered sedimentary coasts. As a novel ecological function with high societal relevance, a role of the leaf canopy for reducing potentially harmful bacteria has recently been hypothesized. Accordingly, we tested whether or not the abundance of general bacteria and more specifically, those belonging to the genus Vibrio were reduced within temperate Zostera marina (eelgrass) meadows compared to adjacent sand flats and sampled 5 sites in the south-western Baltic Sea using SCUBA. Compared to non-vegetated area, we found an average reduction of 39% for all Vibrio and 63% for the potentially harmful V. vulnificus/cholerae subtype based on robust plate counting data on Vibrio selective agar. The underlying mechanism is currently elusive and clearly merits further study. Our results underline the critical importance of seagrasses in maintaining shallow water ecosystem functioning including water quality and provide further motivation for their protection and restoration.

Prediction of confirmed and death cases of Covid-19 in Chile through time series techniques: A comparative study

Abstract(1)BackgroundChile has become one of the countries most affected by Covid-19, a pandemic that has generated a large number of cases worldwide, which if not detected and treated in time can cause multi-organic failure and even death. The social determinants of health such as education, work, social security, housing, environment, support networks and social cohesion are important aspects to consider for the control and intervention of this pathology. Therefore, it is essential to have information about the progress of the infections at the national level and thus apply effective public health interventions. In this paper, we compare different time series methodologies to predict the number of confirmed cases and deaths from Covid-19 in Chile and thus support the decisions of health agencies;(2)MethodsWe modeled the confirmed cases and deaths from Covid-19 in Chile by using ARIMA models, exponential smoothing techniques, Poisson models for time-dependent counting data. In addition, we evaluated the accuracy of the predictions by using a training set and test set;(3)ResultsThe database used in this paper allows us to say that for the confirmed Covid-19 cases the best model corresponds to a well-known Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) time-series model, whereas for deaths from Covid-19 in Chile the best model resulted in damped trend method;(4)ConclusionARIMA models are an alternative to model the behavior of the spread of Covid19, however, and depending on the characteristics of the data set, other methodologies can better capture the behavior of these records, for example, Holt-winter’s method and time-dependent counting models.