Signal Grass Deferred Pastures Fertilized with Nitrogen or Intercropped with Calopo

This study aimed to evaluate the accumulation, structural characteristics, and chemical composition of deferred signal-grass pastures that were subjected to four treatments: without nitrogen fertilization, intercropped with calopo (Calopogonium mucunoides), and fertilized with urea N (50 kg ha−1 and 100 kg ha−1) for 2 years. The design was in randomized blocks, with two blocks and two repetitions of each treatment per block. There were effects of the interaction between treatment and year on green dry mass, forage accumulation, density of vegetative tillers, and crude protein content (simulated grazing). The effects of the treatments on the height, falling index, green dry mass/dead dry mass ratio, number of dead, live and total tillers, and crude protein content (direct cutting) were also observed. Signal-grass–calopo-intercropping ensured adequate mass and forage accumulation and crude protein content equivalent to those of fertilized pastures. In addition, the intercropped pasture showed a higher percentage of leaves and a higher crude protein content compared with those for the other treatments (simulated grazing). The green dry mass/dead dry mass ratio was highest in the intercropped pasture and was equivalent to only that of the pasture fertilized with a low dose of nitrogen. Therefore, signal-grass–calopo-intercropping may be recommended for deferment.

Simulation of a Pole Saw Assisted by a Gyroscopic Effect Device

Linemen performing pruning activity on vegetation entangled with overhead lines and handling a pole saw is a physically strenuous and risky job. It is a major cause of linemen musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) and others injuries, with more than one type of accumulative musculoskeletal injury like backbone, shoulder, neck and wrists. Although assisted robotic tools could reduce ergonomic issues, it also impairs the quality of work; efficiency and quality require human direct cutting due to a huge imponderability of each particular action on each particular job due different kind of vegetation and shapes. The best approach should be to aid linemen handling the pole saw during pruning. So, as a first step to develop and implement a gyroscopic platform for pruning pole saw, this paper compares and presents a simulation of a regular pole saw with a pole saw assisted by a gyroscopic device using kinematic data obtained by the motion capture system. Kinematic data obtained connects to dynamic simulation, which makes available pole saw control and kickback analysis. Simulation outcome shows that gyroscopic assistance on pole saw has great potential to mitigate harmful pruning dynamic forces for lineman, with no impact on productivity and work quality.

Processing technology and experimental analysis of gas-assisted laser cut micro thin wood

Unsupported combustion nitrogen (N2) and flame-retardant helium (He) were used to facilitate laser-cutting of cherry wood, and the effects of process parameters, gas flow, and gas reactivity on the surface quality of thin wood were studied. Using identical processing parameters, the cherry wood was laser-cut with and without the added gases. Through comparing the cutting width, heat affected zone (HAZ), and surface burning conditions under different gas-assistance conditions, the influence of the added gases on the gasification and combustion of cherry wood was analyzed. When N2 gas was used, the cutting width was less than that of laser direct cutting, but the surface of the burning area did not remarkably improve. Under the same conditions, when He gas was added, the burning areas on both sides of the kerf were remarkably reduced and the consistency of kerf was good. This indicated that He gas had good oxygen isolation and flame-retardant effects. The surface of the kerf was observed with a scanning electron microscope, and addition of He gas remarkably improved the burning that occurred when cutting kerf. This study combined gas processing and laser technology, and it provided technical references for reducing post treatment improving the surface quality of laser-processed wood.

An ‘Enlightenment-centred’ Approach to Interreligious Dialogue

This study explores the possible dialogue between Catholic Philosopher Lonergan and Zen (Seon) Master Chinul in the light of enlightenment or conversion as ‘Christian enlightenment’. Keeping in mind that Zen Buddhism puts much stress on ‘direct cutting’ or ‘intuition’ rather than language or knowing, this comparative study examines Lonergan’s ‘transcendental epistemology’ in which he shows how humans could reach ‘conversion’ (Metanoia) or ‘Christian enlightenment’ with Chinul’s idea of Buddha-nature as ‘mystical or spiritual knowing’(靈智). Such ‘enlightenment-centered’ comparison will suggest a ‘deeper dialogue’ on the level of fundamental human consciousness, such that this study could be a suggestion or even a challenge for both Eastern and Western religious traditions by expanding the horizon of interreligious dialogue for a new and deeper way of promoting such dialogue.

Cutting-out method in the problem of longitudinal shear of anisotropic half-space with a crack

The previously developed direct cutting-out method in application to isotropic materials, in particular to bodies with thin inhomogeneities in the form of cracks and thin deformable inclusions is extended to the case of taking into account the possible anisotropy of the material. The basis of the method is to modulate the original problem of determining the stress state of a limited body with thin inclusions by means of a technically simpler to solve problem of elastic equilibrium of an infinite space with a slightly increased number of thin inhomogeneities, which in turn form the boundaries of the investigated body. By loaded cracks we model the boundary conditions of the first kind, and by absolutely rigid inclusions embedded into a matrix with a certain tension – the boundary conditions of the second kind. Using the method of the jump functions and the interaction conditions of a matrix with inclusion, the problem is reduced to a system of singular integral equations, the solution of which is carried out using the method of collocations. Approbation of the developed approach is carried out on the problem of elastic equilibrium of anisotropic (orthotropic in direction of shear) half-space with a symmetrically loaded very flexible inclusion (a crack) at jammed half-space boundary. The influence of inhomogeneity orientation and the half-space material on the generalized stress intensity factors were studied.

STRATEGI FUNDRAISING DANA ZAKAT PADA BAZNAS KABUPATEN TANAH DATAR

Fundraising activities are essential for the operation of zakat management programs and its operations. In BAZNAS, Tanah Datarregency, it is found that in 2013, the total of zakat fundraising is Rp.8.418.272.757, -, 2014 the total of zakat fundraising is Rp. 8.754.155.665,-, 2015 the total is Rp. 9.179.036.735,-, 2016 the total is Rp. 11.148.298.358,-. While for the following years, it increases signi􀏔icantly. In 2014, Zakat fundraising was enhanced 3.99% with Rp. 335.882.908. It was from Rp.8.418.272.757 to Rp.8.754.155.665. It also increased 4.85% with Rp. 424.881.070 in 2015. It was from Rp.8.754.155.665to Rp.9.179.036.735. It also significantly boosted in 2016 for 21.45% with Rp. 1.969.261.623. It was from Rp.9.179.036.735 to Rp. 11.148.298.358. These facts indicate a precise strategy used by BAZNAS, Tanah Datarregency in doing zakat fundraising. This type of research was field research with qualitative descriptive approach. Data were collected through interviews, documentation, and literature study. The results showed that BAZNAS, Tanah Datar regency used strategy direct and indirect fundraising. If the muzakki have expressed their willingness to pay zakat through media campaigns and direct fundraising, BAZNAS, Tanah Datar regencyused three ways to ease the muzakki to pay their zakat. First, do direct cutting through UPZ which has been formed to be deposited into the account of BAZNAS Tanah Datar. Second, do "pick up theball", the of􀏔icer of BAZNAS Tanah Datar will collect zakat directly to muzakki’s place. Third, invite muzakki to distribute his zakat through the account of BAZNAS Tanah Datar.