Democracy at Risk: An Analysis of Electronic Voting Machines Security And Their Impact On Indian Democracy.

For more the two decades Elections in India are carried out by electronic voting (EVM) devices designed by two government-owned companies during the last two decades. These, recognised as EVMs in India, they are known for their simple architecture, ease of usage, and reliability, at the same time they have also been criticised for vulnerable and exploitative nature and repeated reporting of violations in elections. Despite this criticism, some elements design of the device were never officially disclosed and were not subject to a thorough objective protection review. In this paper we will discussed how EVM as machine base, are ease to serious attacks that might affect the result of the election and compromise the secrecy of the vote. We try to highlight the security reviews of EVM in this paper and its possibilities of violation which causes a great treat to any democratic country of the world.

Method of selecting a harvester manipulator

Theoretical and experimental studies to substantiate the choice of a manipulator for a harvester are presented. A mathematical model of the harvester's operation has been developed based on natural and production-technological factors, as well as the characteristics of the machine base and the harvester head. The characteristics of the manipulator have been substantiated, in particular, the maximum reach and load moment of the manipulator for the given parameters of the base machine and the selected harvester head. When choosing a manipulator, it is recommended to proceed from the fact that some part of large trees can be left in the cutting area or dumped with chainsaws. It has been established that the manipulator boom reach within the range from 8 to 11 m has little effect on the volume and number of harvested trees. The percentage of the harvested volume of wood depends little on the boom reach of the manipulator and remains at least 90 %.

Management of Chipping Operations in Polish Forests

The aim of the research was to verify the impact of selected parameters on the efficiency and organization of chipper operations. The paper analyzes chipping operations in Polish forests with a focus on work site location, overnight chipper location, chipper workload per site, fuel consumption, and work shift duration, as all of these factors may affect operating efficiency. The mean chipper travel distance between sites during a shift ranged from 4.74 km to 9.5 km (chippers moved on average every other day). The mean work shift duration was 12.4 h. At the end of a shift, the chippers traveled on average from 4.2 km to 6.3 km to an overnight location. At the beginning of a workday, the chippers were dispatched to sites at a distance of 2.5 km to 4.0 km. The average fuel consumption of the forwarder-mounted chippers was 16 L/h and that of the truck-mounted chipper was 7.7 L/h. It was found that the following actions have a decisive influence on the effectiveness of the operation of the chippers: determination of the size of individual tasks and the deployment of successive forest areas, indication of the proper location of the machine base, and the method of accessing the forest area.

APPLICATION OF STRUT-TIE-METHOD (STM) TO RETROFIT AN EXISTING FOUNDATION ANCHORAGE

A strut-and-tie model (STM) is an ultimate strength design method based on the formation of a hypothetical truss elements that transmit forces from loading points to supports. The STM utilizes concrete struts to resist compression and reinforcing ties to carry tension. Design using STM involves calculating the required amount of reinforcement to serve as the tension ties and then checking that the compressive struts and nodal zone (joints) are adequate to support the forces. A key advantage of design using STM is that the designer can visualize the flow of stresses in the member. This paper presents the basic concepts, assumptions and approaches using STM to perform the calculation and design for the existing foundation anchor retrofit based on a real application in high seismic zone. The analysis also includes up-to-date finite element modelling techniques for the machine base plate the anchor rods connection to the concrete foundation subjected to large forces (tension and shear).

Taking into account of natural and technological aspects of sustainable development of the forest complex when choosing a harvester manipulator

The article presents theoretical and experimental studies for choosing a manipulator for a harvester taking into account of natural and technological aspects of sustainable development of the forest complex. A mathematical model of the harvester operation is developed based on natural and technological factors, as well as the characteristics of the machine base and the harvester head. Experimental results allow us to determine the rational characteristics of the manipulator for Siberia region of Russia, in particular, the permissible overturn and load moments of the manipulator for the specified characteristics of the base machine and the selected harvesting head. The maximum outreach of the manipulator’s boom in the range from 8000 to 11000 mm has little effect on the volume and number of harvested trees. The percentage of harvested wood volume almost does not depend on the maximum manipulator boom outreach and remains within at least 85%.

INVESTIGATION OF DIGGING MACHINES FOR CONSTRUCTION BY THE “DIAPHRAGM WALL” METHOD

Introduction. Construction in Kazakhstan is one of the leading sectors that has a significant impact on the development of a large number of related industries of the Republic of Kazakhstan. No construction is complete without road construction equipment. Despite the positive developments in the industry including the park of the main construction machinery, things are still more difficult than that. The acquisition of new machine base, with working bodies’ equipment is very expensive. It is economically expedient to develop hinged working bodies on the basic machines existing in Kazakhstan enterprises.Materials and methods. According to the demonstrated problem, the article considers the method of morphological analysis to identify new types of working bodies of digging machines. Moreover, the main classification features of the working bodies of excavating machines are determined in the research and the number of trajectories of the working element’s movement is established.Results. The constructed morphological tree is presented and as a result of such method, the 484 possible and existing designs of working bodies of excavating machines are revealed. A set of conditions for excluding the unacceptable options for hydro mechanical and mechanical working bodies from the hypothetical working bodies is formulated.Discussion and conclusions. Suspended tunneling equipment could be used for both trenching and well drilling, and such processes are evidenced by the patent for the design.

Variant Design and Fabrication of an Earth Tunneling Machine

Earth tunneling machine is an equipment used in drilling tunnels under the road surface for the laying of pipes or cables. The earth tunneling machine was produced locally using available materials through simple machining and joining processes. The machine comprised major components like the driving shaft/boring head, the pulling mechanism, the sand extraction system, the control unit, the machine base and housing which were locally produced and assembled. Using the machine to drill soil samples from Ekpene Ukim- Uruan; Mbiabong – Uyo; Ikot Obiodongo – Ibesikpo; and Anua Obio - Uyo, the strength of soil samples by the California Bearing Ratio (CBT) test at drilling depths was determined to be 0.444 MPa, 0.417 MPa, 0.420 MPa, and 0.458 MPa, respectively. The test result demonstrates the performance of a functional model earth tunneling machine, thus indicating the realization of the objective of the research work.